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73 results for “Axial skeleton”
Figure 9 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 9. Separation of the epural from the neural arch. A, Opsariichthys (MCZ 32375) in which the epural abuts the rudimentary neural arch (arrow); B, D. pulcher (CU 77840) illustrates the separation of the neural arch and epural found in all Danio examined. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Figure 10 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 10. Late ontogenetic variation in the posterior process of the fifth vertebra of D. kerri. A, a 'young' individual (CU 82554) of standard length (SL) = 27.6 mm; This individual is known to be less than five years old as it was an F1 from parents wild-caught in 1995. B, a larger individual (SL = 38.7 mm, CU 82551) and C, even larger individual (SL = 43.3 mm, CU 82551). B and C are known to be more than 5 years old; they were caught as adults in 1995 and maintained in captivity for 5 years. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Figure 11 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 11. Intraspecific variation of the scaphium in D. kerri. A, 'young' individual of standard length (SL) = 27.6 mm (CU 82554); This individual is known to be less than five years old as it was an F1 from parents wild-caught in 1995. B, larger individual (SL = 38.7 mm, CU 82551); C, an even larger individual (SL = 43.3 mm, CU 82551). B and C are known to be more than 5 years old; they were caught as adults in 1995 and maintained in captivity for 5 years. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Figure 8 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 8. Variation in the caudal skeleton of Danio. A, D. aequipinnatus (AMNH 15761); B, D. albolineatus (CU 77841); C, D. devario (CU 82548); D, D. kerri (CU 82554) note absence of the sixth hypural; E, D. malabaricus (MCZ 52399) note doubling of neural spines (arrow 1) and presence of the sixth hypural; F, D. pathirana (CU 85509); G, D. pulcher (CU 77840); H, D. quangbinhensis (AMNH 227913); I, D. regina (CU 82550); J, D. rerio (CU 82546); K, D. browni (CU 82553). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Figure 5 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 5. Variation in the tripus. A, D. malabaricus (MCZ 52394); B, D. pulcher CU 77840). Note the ridge on the lateral face (arrow) of the tripus of D. malabaricus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Figure 6 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 6. Reduction of the ascending process of the intercalarium. A, Zacco temminicki (CU 37570); B, D. aequpinnatus (AMNH 15761) with reduced ascending process of the intercalarium (shaded black) exemplifies the condition in Danio relative to the outgroups Zacco (A) and Opsariichthys. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Figure 4 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 4. Variation in the supraneurals. A, Opsariichthys unicirostris (MCZ 32375); B, D. quangbinhensis (AMNH 227913); C, D. malabaricus (MCZ 52399); and D, D. pulcher (CU 77840). Arrow 1 shows the fusion of the anterior margin of the supraneural seen in all danios (B) relative to the outgroup Opsariichthys (A). Arrow 2 indicates the bowl shaped depression (C) in the dorsal surface of the supraneural as seen in D. alabaricus, D. pathirana and D. regina. Arrow 3 indicates the fused, thin dorsal margin of the second supraneural (D) characteristic of D. kerri, D. pulcher and D. rerio. Arrow 4 indicates the saddle-like medial ridge of the anterior supraneural as seen in D. kerri and D. pulcher. Arrow 5 points out the medial curving of the anterior supraneural (B) as seen in D. quangbinhensis and D. aequipinnatus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Figure 2 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 2. Reduced parapophysis of the fifth vertebral centrum (arrow). Compare to unreduced vertebral parapophyses of vertebrae six and seven (D. malabaricus; MCZ 52399). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Figure 3 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 3. The Weberian apparatus and anterior vertebrae of Danio. Camera lucida drawings of A, D. aequipinnatus (AMNH 15761) note relative size of first lateral process (arrow 3), compare to G; B, D. albolineatus (CU 82547); C, D. devario (CU 82548) note absence of flange of os suspensorium (arrow 1), compare to J; D, D. kerri (CU 82554); E, D. malabaricus (MCZ 52399); F, D. pathirana (CU 85509); G, D. pulcher (CU 77840) note relative size of first lateral process (arrow 3), compare to A; H, D. quangbinhensis (AMNH 227913); I, D. regina (CU 82550); J, D. rerio (CU 82546) note presence of flange on os suspensorium (arrow 1), compare to C; K, D. browni (CU 77893). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Figure 4 in Postembryonic development of appendicular and axial skeletons in Labeo parvus (Cyprinidae)
Figure 4. - Schematic representations of the development of the vertebral column in Labeo parvus. In blue: cartilaginous structures (neural basal dorsal and haemal basal ventral arches) as observed with Alcian blue staining. In red: development of the osseous structures (neural basal dorsal arch, haemal basal ventral arch, and vertebral structure) as observed with Alizarin Red S. A: 14 days posthatching (dph); B: 19 dph; C: 24 dph; D: 29 dph.
Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Secukinumab in Participants With Active Psoriatic Arthritis With Axial Skeleton Involvement
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02721966. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 18. Publications: 2.
Figure 1 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 1. The Weberian apparatus of D. rerio (CU 82546), left lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
Data from: Using the axial skeleton as armor: mechanical behavior of sea turtle carapaces throughout ontogeny
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The ontogenetic pattern of neurocentral suture closure in the axial skeleton of Hyperodapedontinae (Archosauromorpha: Rhynchosauria) and its evolutionary implication
<p>Understanding ontogeny of a taxon is a crucial step to properly elucidate its taxonomy and evolution. However, aside from histological data, osteological criteria for assessing maturity are considered lineage specific or controversial. The sequence of neurocentral suture closure of the axial skeleton of extant crocodilians, which occurs in a postero-anterior sequence, has being used as a non-destructive method to determine maturity in extinct reptiles. However, the use of this criterion in extinct archosaurs not closely related to crocodilians is debatable, as the ancestral condition of Archosauria is unknown and variation occurs in timing and sequence orientation within the clade. We have assessed the pattern of neurocentral suture closure of the Hyperodapedontinae rhynchosaurs, an early archosauromorph clade distantly related to archosaurs. Different from extant crocodilians, they exhibit an antero-posterior sequence neurocentral suture closure. Relative size and other ontogenetic markers suggest the neurocentral closure in the Hyperodapedontinae is correlated to aging, although closed sutures were rare in the sample. A high number of open or partially open sutures in mature individuals indicate that they remained open during most of their life. Our study indicates that (i) the delayed neurocentral closure can be a paedomorphic heterochronic process in Hyperodapedontinae, as it contrasts with the fully closed neurocentral sutures of early diverging non-hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs; (ii) the assumption opened neurocentral sutures indicates immaturity in extinct reptiles is not always correct; and (iii) the delayed closure may have originated independently in several archosauromorph lineages, but the ancestral condition of Archosauria likely follows the crocodilian closure pattern.</p>
Figure 4 in Cryptic complexity in felid vertebral evolution: shape differentiation and allometry of the axial skeleton
Figure 4. Vertebral profile plots of locomotory groups (i.e. arboreal, terrestrial and scansorial species) showing variation in vertebral measurements along the vertebral column number. A, centrum length (CL); B, centrum height (CH); C, centrum width (CW); D, centrum shape (CS); E, lamina width (LW); F, neural spine lever arm (NSLA); J, transverse process dorsoventral angle (TPDV); K, transverse process anteroposterior angle (TPAP); L, interzygapophyseal length (IZL); M, accessory process distance (APD). Regular vertical bars mark the boundaries between vertebral regions (i.e. cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions) and the corresponding analytical bins, while dotted vertical lines mark boundaries only related to vertebral bins.
Figure 3 in Cryptic complexity in felid vertebral evolution: shape differentiation and allometry of the axial skeleton
Figure 3. PCA plots of PC1 X PC2 (A) and PC1 X PC3 (B) showing species distribution in vertebral morphospace. Species are grouped according to their locomotory mode (i.e. cross: arboreal species; triangle: scansorial species; squares: terrestrial species).
Figure 2 in Cryptic complexity in felid vertebral evolution: shape differentiation and allometry of the axial skeleton
Figure 2. Vertebral measurements: A–C, atlas; D and E, axis; F, C6; G–J, L2. Abbreviations: LDA, length of dorsal arch; Pre_Z-D, prezygapophyseal distance; Post_Z-D, postzygapophyseal distance; TPLA, transverse process lever arm; WDA, width of dorsal arch. B. LVA, length of ventral arch; WVA, width of ventral arch. C. HNC, height of the neural canal. D. DW, dens width. E. DA, dens angle; DL, dens length; NSL, neural spine anteroposterior length at tip. F. LIL, length of inferior lamella. G. CL, centrum length; IZL, interzygapophyseal length; NSL, neural anteroposterior length at tip; NSLA, neural spine lever arm. H. APD, accessory process distance; CH, centrum height; CW, centrum width; NSLA, neural spine lever arm. I. TPDV, transverse process dorsoventral angle; TPLA, transverse process lever arm. J. LW, lamina width; TPAP, transverse process anteroposterior angle. Vertebral images are from of a CT scan of Acinonyx jubatus (cheetah).
Figure 1. Felid phylogeny showing studied species, from a in Cryptic complexity in felid vertebral evolution: shape differentiation and allometry of the axial skeleton
Figure 1. Felid phylogeny showing studied species, from a subset of Nyakatura & Bininda-Emonds (2012), with felid lineage designation according to Johnson et al. (2006), and locomotory (A, S, and T) and prey size specialization (circles at tip of phylogeny) according to Meachen-Samuels & Van Valkenburgh (2009b). Abbreviations: arboreal (A), scansorial (S) and terrestrial (T). Prey size symbols: black circles – large prey specialist; dark grey circles – mixed prey specialist; and light grey with black rim circles – small prey specialist.
Data from: Divergent evolutionary morphology of the axial skeleton as a potential key innovation in modern cetaceans
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The ontogenetic pattern of neurocentral suture closure in the axial skeleton of Hyperodapedontinae (Archosauromorpha: Rhynchosauria) and its evolutionary implication
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.