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70 results for “Black Spruce”
Point-center quarter method black spruce heights, diameter, and location for 150 mature black spruce sites in interior Alaska
This data set contains stand density measurements using the point-center quarter method at 150 extensive black spruce sites in interior Alaska collected in the summers of 2000, 2001, 2002 across the interior of Alaska along the Taylor highway, Alaska highway, Parks highway, Elliot highway, Steese highway, and Dalton highway.
Active layer depths: 150 mature black spruce sites in interior Alaska (2000-2003)
Maximum active layer depths at 150 extensive black spruce sites in interior Alaska collected in the summers of 2000, 2001, 2002 across the interior of Alaska along the Taylor highway, Alaska highway, Parks highway, Elliot highway, Steese highway, and Dalton highway.
Soil Respiration in Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest Floodplain Black Spruce Sites
Fine root processes play a prominent role in the carbon and nutrient cycling of boreal ecosystems due to the high proportion of biomass allocated belowground and the rapid decomposition of fine roots relative to aboveground tissues. To examine these issues in detail, major components of ecosystem carbon flux were studied in three mature black spruce forests in interior Alaska, where fine root production, respiration, mortality and decomposition, and aboveground production of trees, shrubs and mosses were measured relative to soil CO2 fluxes. Fine root production, measured over a 2-year period using minirhizotrons, varied from 0.004 ? 0.001 mm cm-2 d-1 over winter, to 0.051 ? 0.015 mm cm-2 d-1 during July, with peak growing season values comparable to those reported for many temperate forests using similar methods. On average, 84% of this production occurred within 20 cm of the moss surface, although the proportion occurring in deeper profiles increased as soils gradually warmed throughout the summer. Monthly rates of production and mortality were somewhat asynchronous because mortality tended to peak during fall and be minimal during periods of peak production. Production and mortality were, however, positively correlated across all tubes and time periods (r2 = 0.42, P < 0.0001). Annual fine root production averaged 2.45 ? 0.31, 8.01 ? 1.39, and 2.53 ? 0.27 mm cm-2 yr-1 among the three sites, when averaged across years. Fine root survival and decomposition were measured by tracking and analyzing the fate of individual fine roots using mark-recapture techniques. Fine root survival was greatest during periods of peak root growth, and least over winter (?time). Roots first appearing in the middle of the growing season had higher survival rates than those first appearing early or late in growing season, or over winter (?cohort), and risk of mortality decreased with root age (?age). Survival estimates translate to mean life spans of 108 ? 4 days during the growing season
Organic layer data from burned black spruce stands for the effects of variations in post-fire organic layer thickness studies in the Delta Junction region, 1995-2003
This database contains data on the total depth of the surface organic layer remaining after fire for the study plots used in an analysis of variations in the depths of surface organic layers found in burned and unburned black spruce stands, and the effects of variations in depth of burning on soil temperature and moisture, and organic layer carbon stocks. Data for the overall study were collected between 1995 and 2003 by Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland), Kathy O?Neill (Duke University), and Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks). Sites were located in burned black spruce stands within the perimeters of three recent fires (1987, 1994, and 1999), unburned black spruce stands adjacent to the burned stands, and within one black spruce stand that burned in 1956. The three fires were: (a) the 1987 Granite Creek fire located 15 km to the east of Delta Junction, Alaska USA, bordering the Alaska Highway on the North and Jarvis Creek on the south; the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek fire located 45 km southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West, and the 1999 Donnelly Flats fire, located 8 km south of Delta Junction, bordering Jarvis Creek to the east and the Richardson Highway on the west. Data that were collected and are in databases associated with this project include: (1) organic layer depths in burned stands; (2) organic layer depths in unburned stands; (3) basal diameters of overstory trees in unburned stands and distance measures that can be used to estimate stand density; (4) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in burned stands; (5) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in unburned stands; and (6) bulk density and percent carbon data from different organic layers in unburned stands.
Data to estimate stand density and average basal diameter from unburned black spruce stands used in the effects of variations in post-fire organic layer thickness studies in the Delta Junction region, 1995-2003
This database contains data on basal diameter and distances from a center point to the trees sampled, which is used to estimate stand density in unburned black spruce plots used in an analysis of variations in the depths of surface organic layers found in burned and unburned black spruce stands, and the effects of variations in depth of burning on soil temperature and moisture, and organic layer carbon stocks. Data for the overall study were collected between 1995 and 2003 by Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland), Kathy O?Neill (Duke University), and Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks). Sites were located in burned black spruce stands within the perimeters of three recent fires (1987, 1994, and 1999), unburned black spruce stands adjacent to the burned stands, and within one black spruce stand that burned in 1956. The three fires were: (a) the 1987 Granite Creek fire located 15 km to the east of Delta Junction, Alaska USA, bordering the Alaska Highway on the North and Jarvis Creek on the south; the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek fire located 45 km southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West, and the 1999 Donnelly Flats fire, located 8 km south of Delta Junction, bordering Jarvis Creek to the east and the Richardson Highway on the west. Data that were collected and are in databases associated with this project include: (1) organic layer depths in burned stands; (2) organic layer depths in unburned stands; (3) basal diameters of overstory trees in unburned stands and distance measures that can be used to estimate stand density; (4) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in burned stands; (5) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in unburned stands; and (6) bulk density and percent carbon data from different organic layers in unburned stands.
Organic layer data from unburned black spruce stands used in the effects of variations in post-fire organic layer thickness studies in the Delta Junction region, 1995-2003
This database contains data on the total depth of the surface organic layer for the unburned black spruce plots used in an analysis of variations in the depths of surface organic layers found in burned and unburned black spruce stands, and the effects of variations in depth of burning on soil temperature and moisture, and organic layer carbon stocks. Data for the overall study were collected between 1995 and 2003 by Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland), Kathy O?Neill (Duke University), and Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks). Sites were located in burned black spruce stands within the perimeters of three recent fires (1987, 1994, and 1999), unburned black spruce stands adjacent to the burned stands, and within one black spruce stand that burned in 1956. The three fires were: (a) the 1987 Granite Creek fire located 15 km to the east of Delta Junction, Alaska USA, bordering the Alaska Highway on the North and Jarvis Creek on the south; the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek fire located 45 km southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West, and the 1999 Donnelly Flats fire, located 8 km south of Delta Junction, bordering Jarvis Creek to the east and the Richardson Highway on the west. Data that were collected and are in databases associated with this project include: (1) latitude and longitude of all study sites; (2) organic layer depths in burned stands; (3) organic layer depths in unburned stands; (4) basal diameters of overstory trees in unburned stands and distance measures that can be used to estimate stand density; (5) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in burned stands; (6) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in unburned stands; and (7) bulk density and percent carbon data from different organic layers in unburned stands.
Bulk density and percent carbon from surface organic layers in unburned black spruce stands used in the effects of variations in post-fire organic layer thickness studies in the Delta Junction region, 1995-2003
This database contains data on bulk density and percent carbon from surface organic layers in two unburned black spruce stands adjacent to the 1994 burn in the Delta Junction region. These data were used in an analysis of variations in the depths of surface organic layers found in burned and unburned black spruce stands, and the effects of variations in depth of burning on soil temperature and moisture, and organic layer carbon stocks. Data for the overall study were collected between 1995 and 2003 by Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland), Kathy O?Neill (Duke University), and Jill Johnstone (University of Alaska Fairbanks). Sites were located in burned black spruce stands within the perimeters of three recent fires (1987, 1994, and 1999), unburned black spruce stands adjacent to the burned stands, and within one black spruce stand that burned in 1956. The three fires were: (a) the 1987 Granite Creek fire located 15 km to the east of Delta Junction, Alaska USA, bordering the Alaska Highway on the North and Jarvis Creek on the south; the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek fire located 45 km southeast of Delta Junction Alaska, USA, bordering the Alaska Highway to the North and the Gerstle River to the West, and the 1999 Donnelly Flats fire, located 8 km south of Delta Junction, bordering Jarvis Creek to the east and the Richardson Highway on the west. Data that were collected and are in databases associated with this project include: (1) organic layer depths in burned stands; (2) organic layer depths in unburned stands; (3) basal diameters of overstory trees in unburned stands and distance measures that can be used to estimate stand density; (4) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in burned stands; (5) mineral soil temperature and moisture data in unburned stands; and (6) bulk density and percent carbon data from different organic layers in unburned stands.
Black spruce allometric measurements: 2000 - 2001
Forty black spruce (Picea mariana) individuals were measured and harvested across four sites in Interior Alaska during 2000-2001. This dataset was created to develop site-specific allometric equations for black spruce.
Soil nitrogen and carbon from organic and mineral soil of 32 mature black spruce sites across interior Alaska (Sampled 2001)
Soil nitrogen and carbon was collected at 33 sites as part of a bigger study looking at the structure and function of black spruce stands in interior Alaska. These variables can be compared to any of the environmental site descriptions, GPS coordinates, soil characteristics, physical site characteristics, stand and structural characteristics, active layer, collected in the summers of 2000, 2001 for these sites
Black spruce seed counts from seed rain traps in the 2004 burns off the Steese, Taylor, and Dalton Highways, collected in 2005-2007.
This dataset contains seed counts of black spruce seed rain collected in traps at 39 intensive study sites within the 2004 burns of interior Alaska. Data are presented as raw data from trap collections at each site. All sites were in communities dominated by black spruce before burning, and were located 100 to 600 m from the road, beyond the range of any visible road effects and away from any signs of other human disturbance.
Black spruce seed viability from seed rain traps in the 2004 burns off the Steese, Taylor, and Dalton Highways, collected in 2005-2007.
This dataset contains viability estimates of black spruce seed collected in traps at 39 intensive study sites within the 2004 burns of interior Alaska. Data are presented as raw data from trap collections at each site. All sites were in communities dominated by black spruce before burning, and were located 100 to 600 m from the road, beyond the range of any visible road effects and away from any signs of other human disturbance.
Soil DOC and moisture measurements along climate and black spruce productivity gradients in interior Alaska
Water-soluble organic carbon data extracted from organic and mineral soils along gradients in stand productivity and soil temperature throughout 2004. 200g of organic soil or 400g of mineral (5 cm) soil were used. Values should be corrected for oven dry moisture percent of soil (also included in data set). Nine soil cores were obtained randomly on a 20 x 20 m sampling grid at each site in May, June-July, and again in September 2004. Cores were parsed in the field into organic (Oi+Oe+Oa) and mineral soil (5 cm, A+B). All cores were immediately sealed in polyethylene bags and were kept on ice in an insulated cooler while being transported to laboratory refrigerators kept at approximately 4 degC. All organic soil samples were extracted for WSOC content within 24 hours, and mineral soils were extracted within 48 hours. Water-soluble organic C concentrations from subsets of mineral soils extracted 24 and 48 hours after collection did not significantly differ (p = 0.30, 5.3 mg C l-1). The method for extracting WSOC from the soil followed Huang and Schoenau (1996), which was modified from McGill et al. (1986). Briefly, field moist soil samples were homogenized on a tray and roots greater then 2 mm were removed. Then 20 g of organic soil or 40 g of mineral soil were gently shaken on a rotary table with 100 ml (n = 9 per horizon per date) of deionized water for 1 hour, filtered through a Whatman GF/A filter, and then passed through a Whatman 0.45 um membrane filter. Soil extracts were preserved at pH 2 using H3PO4 and refrigerated at 4 degC prior to analysis. Each field moist soil sample was subsampled to determine moisture content (gravimetrically) and WSOC was adjusted to an oven-dry basis. Bulk density and depth measurements for each soil horizon were used to relate mg WSOC kg oven dry soil-1 on an area basis at each site (g WSOC m-2). Three zero-tension lysimeters (85 x 19 cm) were installed perpendicular to slope at the organic-mineral soil interface at the end of the g
Soil respiration measurements along climate and black spruce productivity gradients in interior Alaska
Soil respiration measurements were made using an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA; EGM-4 gas analyzer, PP Systems, Haverhill, MA) with a dynamic soil respiration chamber (SRC-2, PP Systems). Respiration collars (18) were randomly located on three 20 x 20 m sampling grids (separate from WSOC collection) at each site. The respiration collars (10.2 cm diameter schedule 40 polyvinyl chloride) were inserted to a depth of 2.5 cm at least 1 week prior to initial measurements and were left in place for the duration of the experiment. Care was taken to ensure that the collars remained at the same depth throughout the measurement period. All vascular plants were removed from the collars prior to measuring. Measurements were made approximately bi-weekly at each site, from May through September in 2004 (n = 5 or 6). A portable thermometer was used to measure soil temperature at 10 cm below the surface concurrently with soil respiration measured at each collar. Changes in collar-specific air volumes (caused by changes in microtopography and the presence of moss) were measured directly through use of the ideal gas law by injecting 25 cm-3 of 3500 mg m-3 CO2 into the soil respiration chamber and measuring the subsequent dilution of CO2 concentration with the IRGA. All flux values have been adjusted for these collar specific volumes.
Organic layer thickness measurements from burned and unburned black spruce forests in Alaska collected between 1994 and 2012
This dataset contains organic layer thickness measurements collected in mature burned and unburned black spruce stands located throughout interior Alaska. These data were collected as part of a number of studies between 1994 and 2012 in order to quantify variations in organic layer thickness and estimate organic layer carbon in burned and unburned black spruce stands. Data were collected in sites located on a number of topographic positions, and collected in sites that burned during different time periods during the fire season. Measurements that were collected at most sites included either the total thickness of the surface organic layer, or the thickness of individual layers within the organic layer. These layers include: moss (including green and brown), fibric soil, mesic soil, humic soil, and char. Beginning in 2005, data on the height of adventitious roots above mineral soil were collected and used to estimate the pre-burn organic layer thickness.
Murphy Dome: Hourly temperature of air and soil, PAR, relative humidity and soil moisture in three pairs of adjacent black spruce and birch stands 2012-2018
This dataset contains weather station data (air and soil temperature, relative humidity, moisture, and PAR) from 2012 to 2019. The data was collected in three blocks (A, B, and C) of adjacent black spruce and paper birch stands at Murphy Dome (access via Cache Creek road).
Murphy Dome: Moss (Hylocomium splendens) biomass results from a moss transplant and leaf litter manipulation experiment in three pairs of adjacent black spruce and birchs stands.
This dataset contains moss (Hylocomium splendens) growth from individual moss shoots within moss transplants in black spruce and paper birch stands. 10 mosses were marked with PVC beads in June 2013 and then each moss segment was measured in the field in June and September of 2013, 2014 and June and August 2015. All samples were harvested in 2015 and their dry weights were calculated. Moss biomass from other time periods were estimated using allometric equations. The data was collected in three blocks (A, B, and C) of adjacent black spruce and paper birch stands at Murphy Dome (access via Cache Creek road).
Murphy Dome: Moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) biomass results from a birch leaf litter and leachates manipulation experiment in a black spruce stand.
This dataset contains moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) growth from individual moss shoots in a black spruce stand. 10 H. splendens and 5 P. schreberi were marked with PVC beads and measured in September 2014 and then each moss segment was measured again August 2015. All samples were harvested in 2015 and their dry weights were calculated. Moss biomass from other time periods were estimated using allometric equations. The data was collected in the spruce stands of block A only at Murphy Dome (access via Cache Creek road).
Murphy Dome: Covariates measured on the sampling units of moss (Hylocomium splendens) from a moss transplant and leaf litter manipulation experiment in three pairs of adjacent black spruce and birchs stands. This data is associated to the file MD_MossBiomass_2013-2015.xlsx
This data contains sampling unit level variables associated with the moss measurements from MD_MossBiomass_2013-2015.txt. It include the percent cover of leaf litter through time, fungus cover in 2015, moisture in 2015, and percent openness of the tree canopy measured in July 2014.
Murphy Dome: Growth of Hylocomium splendens in birch and black spruce stands to build allometric equations
This data contains measurements taken on segments from Hylocomium splendens cores. It includes dimension, color, weight, and branching pattern of the segments. This data was used to build allometric equations of growth for estimates in the file MD_MossBiomass_2013-2015.xlsx.
Tree ring widths of trembling aspen and black spruce that regenerated after the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek burn
This dataset contains the average annual ring widths of trembling aspen and black spruce regenerating in low and high fire severity sites within the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek burn. 12 pre-established sites were used, 6 from both low and high fire severity. Sites were sampled in 2014, 20 years after the fire.
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