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146 results for “Carcass”
Fig. 1 in Persistence of snake carcasses on roads and its potential effect on estimating roadkills in a megadiverse country
Fig. 1. Geographic location of the study area. Primary road (Autopista del Café) and the secondary road connecting Autopista del Café with the town of Filandia in the department of Quindío, Central Andes of Colombia. Adapted from SIG Quindío 2016. http://190.85.164.56/sigquindioiii/
Fig. 3 in Persistence of snake carcasses on roads and its potential effect on estimating roadkills in a megadiverse country
Fig. 3. (A) Relationship between weight and body length (Ln = natural logarithm) of snake carcasses used in this study. (B) Relationship between body length of snake carcasses and their persistence time on two roads with different levels of vehicular traffic.
Figure 1 in Formicidae fauna in pig carcasses contaminated by insecticide: implications for forensic entomology
Figure 1 Median (square), quartile range (box) and total range (vertical line) of the species richness in each stage of decomposition in non-contaminated carcasses (A) and in contaminated carcasses (B). Different lowercase letters (a, b, c) indicate significant differences between stages in each treatment (p <0.05). The stages are 1= Fresh; 2= bloated; 3= deterioration; 4= post-deterioration; 5= skeletonization.
Figure 2 in Formicidae fauna in pig carcasses contaminated by insecticide: implications for forensic entomology
Figure 2 Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) using species occurrence to assess the change in the composition of ant species that occurs in both types of carcasses. The numbers correspond to the species appear in Table 1. On the right are those that occur more effectively in noncontaminated carcasses, and on the left are those that occurred in contaminated carcasses.
Figure 3 in Formicidae fauna in pig carcasses contaminated by insecticide: implications for forensic entomology
Figure 3 Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (nMDS), using species occurrence to assess the change in the composition of ant species that act on different types of carcasses, along the different stages of decomposition. The numbers correspond to the species appear in Table 1. On the right are those that occur in contaminated carcasses, and on the left are those that occurred more effectively in non-contaminated carcasses. Noncont. = Non-contaminated and Cont. = Contaminated, I= Fresh; II= bloated; III= deterioration; IV= post-deterioration; V= skeletonization.
Data from: Reindeer carcasses modulate vegetation composition and greenness in High-Arctic tundra
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Data from: Coyotes display minimal response to Cougar scent at experimental carcass sites
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Data from: Stuck in the mud: experimental taphonomy and computed tomography demonstrate the critical role of sediment in stabilizing the three-dimensional external morphology of arthropod carcasses during early fossil diagenesis - DRAGONFLY sessions
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Stuck in the mud: experimental taphonomy and computed tomography demonstrate the critical role of sediment in three-dimensional carcass stabilization during early fossil diagenesis - TIFF stack data
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Temperature and pH dynamics during carcass decomposition and implications for disease management
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Figure 3 in Diversity of Diptera species associated with pig carcasses in a Brazilian city exposed to high rates of homicide
Figure 3. Similarity analysis (Clusters dendrogram) of the diversity of necrophagous Diptera species between decomposition stages: (A) in the season dry and (B) season rainy.
Figure 1 in Diversity of Diptera species associated with pig carcasses in a Brazilian city exposed to high rates of homicide
Figure 1. (A) Location of sample sites in the Dois Irmãos State Park in Recife and (B) structure used in the attraction and collection of insects.
Data for: Predation and biophysical context control long-term carcass nutrient inputs in an Andean ecosystem
<p>Animal carcass decomposition is an often-overlooked component of nutrient cycles. The importance of carcass decomposition for increasing nutrient availability has been demonstrated in several ecosystems, but impacts in arid lands are poorly understood. In a protected high desert landscape in Argentina, puma predation of vicuñas is a main driver of carcass distribution. Here, we sampled puma kill sites across three habitats (plains, canyons, and meadows) to evaluate the impacts of vicuña carcass and stomach decomposition on soil and plant nutrients up to 5 years after carcass deposition. Soil beneath both carcasses and stomachs had significantly higher soil nutrient content than adjacent reference sites in arid, nutrient-poor plains and canyons, but not in moist, nutrient-rich meadows. Stomachs had greater effects on soil nutrients than carcasses. However, we did detect higher plant N concentrations at kill sites. The biogeochemical effects of puma kills persisted for several years and increased over time, indicating that kills do not create ephemeral nutrient pulses, but can have lasting effects on the distribution of soil nutrients. Comparison to broader spatial patterns of predation risk reveals that puma predation of vicuñas is more likely in nutrient-rich sites, but carcasses have the greatest effects on soil nutrients in nutrient-poor environments, such that carcasses increase localized heterogeneity by generating nutrient hotspots in less productive environments. Predation and carcass decomposition may thus be important overlooked factors influencing ecosystem functioning in arid environments.</p>
Code For: Invasive wild pig carcass availability does not affect coyote abundance
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A Survey of Pathogens on Lamb Carcasses from Portuguese Local Breeds
<p>Recording of the talk “A survey of pathogens on lamb carcasses from Portuguese local breeds”, presented by Ursula Gonzales-Barron at the 71<sup>st</sup> Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science, EAAP, Online virtual meeting (1-4 Dec 2020).</p>
More than just meat: Carcass decomposition shapes trophic identities in a terrestrial vertebrate
<p>Most food web models fail to account for the full complexity of interactions within a community, particularly where microbes are involved. Carcasses are microbe-rich resources and may represent a common nexus for the macro- and microbiome, effectively uniting autotrophs, consumers, predators, and microbiota.</p> <p>We evaluated the role of carcasses as multitrophic resources and explored dietary partitioning for a sexually dimorphic obligate scavenger known for its hierarchical social system. This study was set in a well-studied community of camelids (<em>Vicugna vicugna, Lama guanicoe</em>), pumas (<em>Puma concolor</em>), and Andean condors (<em>Vultur gryphus</em>) in the Andes. We hypothesized that condors, by feeding on trophically distinct dietary substrates within any given carcass, would have highly variable trophic position (TP) values. Further, we expected that the microbial consumers within the carcass would inflate TP values in both, the carrion and the condors. Thus, we expected that the trophic heterogeneity within a carcass could facilitate sex-based dietary partitioning in condors.</p> <p>We used a multifaceted approach to assess the foraging of Andean condors, using regurgitated pellet and, bulk isotopic analyses, and also quantified the TP of the entire community of graminoids, camelids, camelid carrion, pumas, and female and male condors employing compound-specific stable isotopes analysis of amino-acids.</p> <p>Our analysis of condor pellets and bulk isotopes revealed non-trivial plant consumption, close to 10% of condor diet. Isotope analysis of amino-acids revealed that condors had highly variable TPs (2.9±0.3) compared to pumas (3.0±0.0) and camelids (2.0±0.1), likely representing "trophic omnivory", wherein the condors consume plants (TP=1.0±0.1) and microbe-colonized carrion (2.3±0.1). Female condors exhibited a TP (2.8±0.2) lower than strict carnivory, suggesting that they consume more plant biomass in a carcass, while males (TP=3.1±0.3) are likely consuming more of the microbe-rich animal tissue.</p> <p>Our study highlights that carcasses represent a trophically heterogeneous resource, and that vertebrate scavengers can feed across trophic groups within the carcass, from autotrophs to secondary consumers, and from both the macro- and microbiome. Thus, integration of microbes in macroecological contexts can help to resolve trophic identity, and better characterize the importance of microbes in detritivorous and omnivorous species.</p>
Data from: Experimental analysis of organ decay and pH gradients within a carcass and the implications for phosphatization of soft tissues
<p>Replacement of soft-tissues by calcium phosphate yields spectacular fossils. Decay experiments have shown that pH is a major control on the precipitation of calcium phosphate and tissue replication: for this to occur pH must fall below the carbonic acid dissociation constant (pH 6.38). However, in the fossil record, phosphatisation is highly selective - some internal organs, such as muscles, stomachs, and intestines, appear to preferentially phosphatise while other organs seldomly phosphatise. The reasons for this are unclear but one hypothesis is that, during decay, organs create distinct chemical microenvironments and only some fall below the critical pH threshold for mineralization to occur. Here, we present a novel investigation using microelectrodes that records fluctuating dynamic spatial and temporal pH gradients inside of organs within a carcass in real time. Our experiments demonstrate that within a decaying carcass, organ-specific microenvironments are not generated. Rather, a pervasive pH environment forms within the body cavity (i.e. the coelom) which persists until integumentary failure. With no evidence to support the development of organ-specific microenvironments during decay other factors must control organ phosphatisation. We propose it is tissue histology that plays an important role in selective phosphatisation. Tissues with high phosphate content (and those rich in collagen) are most likely to phosphatise. Internal organs that have low tissue-bound phosphate, including the integuments of the stomach and intestine, only phosphatise when associated with ingested phosphate-rich organic matter. Identifying the driver behind selective phosphatisation may provide insights into other highly selective modes of soft-tissue preservation i.e. pyritization.</p>
Fish carcass deposition to suppress invasive lake trout through hypoxia causes limited, non-target effects on benthic invertebrates in Yellowstone Lake
<p class="MsoNormal">Invasive species can have negative effects on native biodiversity and ecosystem function, and suppression is often required to minimize the effects. However, management actions to suppress invasive species may cause negative, unintended effects on non-target taxa. Across the USA, lake trout (<em>Salvelinus namaycush</em>) are invasive in many freshwater ecosystems, reducing native fish abundance and diversity through predation and competition. In an integrated pest management approach, lake trout embryos in Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming are suppressed by depositing lake trout carcasses onto spawning sites; the carcasses reduce dissolved oxygen concentrations as they decay, causing embryo mortality. We conducted a field experiment during one ice-free season at four sites in Yellowstone Lake to investigate the non-target effects of carcass treatment on benthic invertebrates, which could have consequences for native fish diets. While overall invertebrate density and biomass did not respond to carcass treatment, Chironomidae midges and Sphaeriidae fingernail clams decreased in abundance. Carcass treatment altered invertebrate community structure based on density, but not biomass. Carcass treatment to suppress invasive fish embryos has spatially localized, non-target effects on some benthic invertebrate taxa. Given the small spatial extent of carcass treatment within the lake, we conclude it is unlikely that carcass treatment will alter food availability for native fishes.</p>
Microbiological monitoring results for bovine and ovine carcass production in Australia.
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Fig. 1 in The subnivium, a haven for Trichinella larvae in host carcasses
Fig. 1. Box containing the animal carcasses beneath and above the snow.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.