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527 results for “Climate Response”
Supplementary Information to: "Living on the edge: Response of rudist bivalves (Hippuritida) to hot and highly seasonal climate in the low-latitude Saiwan site, Oman"
<p>This dataset contains supplementary information required to understand and reproduce the study detailed in our manuscript titled "<em>Living on the edge: Response of rudist bivalves (Hippuritida) to hot and highly seasonal climate in the low-latitude Saiwan site, Oman</em>" which was submitted for publication to Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology.</p>
Data for: Mercury contamination challenges the behavioral response of a keystone species to Arctic climate change
<p>Combined effects of multiple, climate change-associated stressors are of mounting concern, especially in Artic ecosystems. Elevated mercury (Hg) exposure in Arctic animals could affect behavioural responses to changes in foraging landscapes linked to climate change, generating interactive effects on behaviour and population resilience. We investigated this hypothesis in the little auk (<em>Alle alle</em>), a keystone Artic seabird. We compiled behavioural data using accelerometers, and quantified blood mercury and environmental conditions (sea surface temperature (SST), sea ice coverage (SIC)) across multiple years. These datasets contain the behavioral, blood Hg and environmental data (SST, SIC) used in our analyses. Details about the datasets are found in the accompanying word document.</p>
Data from Citizen science data reveal regional heterogeneity in phenological response to climate in the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus
These data include annotations for life stage, mating behavior, and plant part occupancy of large milkweed bug observations in North America as well as information about climate and environment.
Comparison of Urban-Rural Tree Growth Response to Climate in the Eastern U.S. for the years 1990-2014
Climate is an important driver of tree growth in forests of the eastern U.S. Urbanization can augment the growing conditions of trees in ways that could change the sensitivity of radial growth to climate stressors such as excessive heat and water stress. This dataset include tree ring chronologies (1990-2014) in the form of basal area increment for canopy oak and maples trees from paired urban and nearby rural reference forest sites in Baltimore, Maryland, New York City, New York, and Boston, Massachusetts. Also included are metrics of heat stress and water stress from 1990-2014.
The role of down-slope water and nutrient fluxes in the response of Arctic hill slopes to climate change, output from MBLGEMIII for typical tussock-tundra hill slope near Toolik Field Station, Alaska.
Output data sets of the MBL-GEM III model for a typical tussock-tundra hill slope. The model is described in two papers: Le Dizès, S., Kwiatkowski B.L., Rastetter E.B., Hope A., Hobbie J.E., Stow D., Daeschner S., 2003 Modelling biogeochemical responses of tundra ecosystems to temporal and spatial variations in climate in the Kuparuk River Basin (Alaska), Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 108 No. D2 10.1029/2001JD000960. Rastetter, E.B., B. L. Kwiatkowski, S. Le Dizès, and J.E. Hobbie. 2004. The Role of Down-Slope Water and Nutrient Fluxes in the Response of Arctic Hill Slopes to Climate Change. Biogeochemistry 69:37-62.
Modeling biogeochemical responses of tundra ecosystems to temporal and spatial variations in climate in the Kuparuk River Basin , Alaska, 1921 to 2100.
Output data set of the MBL-GEM III model run for tussock tundra in the Kuparuk River Basin, Alaska, described in detail in Le Dizès, S., B. L. Kwiatkowski, E. B. Rastetter, A. Hope, J. E. Hobbie, D. Stow, and S. Daeschner, Modeling biogeochemical responses of tundra ecosystems to temporal and spatial variations in climate in the Kuparuk River Basin (Alaska), J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 8165, doi:10.1029/2001JD000960, 2003. We ran the model at a 10 km x 10 km resolution for 123 cells at a yearly time step for 180 years, from 1921 to 2100. Two scenarios enabled the investigation of the effects of two opposing climate change scenarios for the 2001-2100 future period: warmer and wetter ("wet scenario" or Scenario 1) and warmer and drier ("dry scenario" or Scenario 2). These 246 files contain all simulation results for each scenario for individual cells in the Kuparuk River basin.
The role of fire in the carbon dynamics of the boreal forest I. - Response of area burned to changing climate in western boreal North America using a Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) approach (2003-2100).
The boreal forest contains large reserves of carbon, and across this region wildfire is a common occurrence. To improve the understanding of how wildfire influences the carbon dynamics of this region, methods were developed to incorporate the spatial and temporal effects of fire into the Terrestrial ecosystem Model (TEM). The historical role of fire on carbon dynamics of the boreal region was evaluated within the context of ecosystem responses to changing atmospheric CO2 and climate. These results show that the role of historical fire on boreal carbon dynamics resulted in a net carbon sink; however, fire plays a major role in the interannual and decadal scale variation of source/sink relationships. To estimate the effects of future fire on boreal carbondynamics, spatially and temporally explicit empirical relationships between climate andfire were quantified. Fuel moisture, monthly severity rating, and air temperature explained a significant proportion of observed variability in annual area burned. These relationships were used to estimate annual area burned for future scenarios of climate change and were coupled to TEM to evaluate the role of future fire on the carbon dynamics of the North American boreal region for the 21st Century. Simulations with TEM indicate that boreal North America is a carbon sink in response to CO2 fertilization, climate variability, and fire, but an increase in fire leads to a decrease in the sink strength. While this study highlights the importance of fire on carbon dynamics in the boreal region, there are uncertainties in the effects of fire in TEM simulations. These uncertainties are associated with sparse fire data for northern Eurasia, uncertainty in estimating carbon consumption, and difficulty in verifying assumptions about the representation of fires that occurred prior to the start of the historical fire record. Future studies should incorporate the role of dynamic vegetation to more accurately represent post-fire successional pr
Data from: A species' response to spatial climatic variation does not predict its response to climate change
<p>The dominant paradigm for assessing ecological responses to climate change assumes that future states of individuals and populations can be predicted by current, species-wide performance variation across spatial climatic gradients. However, if the fates of ecological systems are better predicted by past responses to <em>in situ</em> climatic variation through time, this current analytical paradigm may be severely misleading. Empirically testing whether spatial or temporal climate responses better predict how species respond to climate change has been elusive, largely due to restrictive data requirements. Here we leverage a newly collected network of ponderosa pine tree-ring time series to test whether statistically inferred responses to spatial versus temporal climatic variation better predict how trees have responded to recent climate change. When compared to observed tree growth responses to climate change since 1980, predictions derived from spatial climatic variation were wrong in both magnitude and direction. This was not the case for predictions derived from climatic variation through time, which were able to replicate observed responses well. Future climate scenarios through the end of the 21st century exacerbated these disparities. These results suggest that the currently dominant paradigm of forecasting the ecological impacts of climate change based on spatial climatic variation may be severely misleading over decadal to centennial timescales.</p>
Dataset for the submitted manuscript titled 'Response of Southern Ocean Resource Stress in a Changing Climate'
<p>Netcdf output files of Primary Production, carbon export, Fe and Mn limitations, and deficiencies from PISCES-QUOTA model with Mn limitation (described in Anugerahanti and Tagliabue, 2023) forced by historical IPSL CM5A climate model simulation (1850-2005) and RCP8.5 high emission IPSL CM5A simulation (2005-2100) on the ORCA2 grid, as described and discussed in Anugerahanti and Tagliabue, in the manuscript submitted for Geophysical Research Letters. Due to the large size of the files, this has been collated to only contain surface/ upper 100m south of 40S. </p>
Response of Vegetation Canopy Growth to Climate Change in Northeast China
<p>Our study uniquely addresses gaps in existing research by investigating how vegetation canopy changes during various growth phases—development (April-June), maturation (July-August), and senescence (September-October)—and how these changes respond to preseason climatic factors. We highlight significant findings, such as the early advancement of the canopy maturation phase and the delayed senescence, particularly in forested areas. Moreover, we demonstrate that preseason air temperature exerts a considerable influence on canopy growth, with a transition from positive to negative correlations across different phases and vegetation types.The results contribute to understanding vegetation dynamics under climate change and provide actionable insights for sustainable agricultural, forestry, and animal husbandry management.</p>
Thermal tolerance in Drosophila: repercussions for distribution, community coexistence and responses to climate change
<p>Here we combined controlled experiments and field surveys to determine if estimates of heat tolerance predict distributional ranges and phenology of different Drosophila species in southern South America. </p> <p>We contrasted thermal death time curves, which consider both magnitude and duration of the challenge to estimate heat tolerance, against the thermal range where populations are viable based on field surveys in an 8-yr longitudinal study. </p> <p>We observed a strong correspondence of the physiological limits, the thermal niche for population growth, and the geographic ranges across studied species, which suggests that the thermal biology of different species provides a common currency to understand how species will respond to warming temperatures both at a local level and throughout their distribution range. </p> <p>Our approach represents a novel analytical toolbox to anticipate how natural communities of ectothermic organisms will respond to global warming.</p>
Supporting data for ``Summer-Winter Contrast in the Response of Precipitation Extremes to Climate Change over Northern Hemisphere Land'"
<p>Here we have the processed data used in the preprint ``'Summer-Winter Contrast in the Response of Precipitation Extremes to Climate Change over Northern Hemisphere Land''</p> <p>The README.md file includes explanations about the data in the repository.</p>
Data for: Growing faster, longer or both? Modelling plastic response of Juniperus communis growth phenology to climate change
<p>Aim: Plant growth and phenology plastically respond to changing climatic conditions both in space and time. Species-specific levels of growth plasticity determine biogeographical patterns and the adaptive capacity of species to climate change. However, a direct assessment of spatial and temporal variability in radial-growth dynamics is complicated, as long records of cambial phenology do not exist.</p> <p>Location: 16 sites across European distribution margins of <em>Juniperus communis</em> L. (the Mediterranean, the Arctic, the Alps and the Urals).</p> <p>Time period: 1940-2016</p> <p>Major taxa studied: <em>Juniperus communis</em></p> <p>Methods: We applied the Vaganov-Shashkin process-based model of wood formation to estimate trends in growing season duration and growth kinetics since 1940. We assumed that <em>J. communis</em> would exhibit spatially and temporally variable growth patterns reflecting local climatic conditions.</p> <p>Results: Our simulations indicate regional differences in growth dynamics and plastic responses to climate warming. Mean growing season duration is the longest at Mediterranean sites and, recently, there is a significant trend towards its extension of up to 0.44 days per year. However, this stimulating effect of longer growing season is counteracted by declining summer growth rates caused by amplified drought stress. Consequently, overall trends in simulated ring-widths are marginal in the Mediterranean. By contrast, durations of growing seasons in the Arctic show lower and mostly non-significant trends. However, spring and summer growth rates follow increasing temperatures, leading to a growth increase of up to 0.32 % per year.</p> <p>Main conclusions: This study highlights the plasticity in growth phenology of widely distributed shrubs to climate warming–an earlier onset of cambial activity that offsets the negative effects of summer droughts in the Mediterranean and, conversely, an intensification of growth rates during the short growing seasons in the Arctic. Such plastic growth responsiveness allows woody plants to adapt to the local pace of climate change.</p>
Data for manuscript: Ecological lags govern the pace and outcome of plant community responses to 21st century climate change
<p>These data were used in the analyses reported in Block et al. "Ecological lags govern the pace and outcome of plant community responses to 21st century climate change".</p>
Prosociality as response to slow- and fast-onset climate hazards
<p>This repository contains the information videos used in the treatments, as well as the data and code that replicates tables and figures for the following paper:<br> <strong>Title:</strong> Prosociality as response to slow- and fast-onset climate hazards<br> <strong>Authors:</strong> Ivo Steimanis<sup>1</sup> & Björn Vollan<sup>1,*</sup><br> <strong>Affiliations:</strong> <sup>1</sup> Department of Economics, Philipps University Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany<br> <strong>*Correspondence to:</strong> Björn Vollan <a href="mailto:bjoern.vollan@wiwi.uni-marburg.de">bjoern.vollan@wiwi.uni-marburg.de</a><br> <strong>ORCID:</strong> Steimanis: 0000-0002-8550-4675; Vollan: 0000-0002-5592-4185<br> <strong>Classification:</strong> Social Sciences, Economic Sciences<br> <strong>Keywords:</strong> climate hazards, prosociality, in-group favoritism, antisociality</p> <p> </p>
Climate Response to ~23% Albedo Reduction in IPSL-CM5A2-LR
<p>The dataset consists of IPSL-CM5A2-LR outputs from a present-day control (pdControl, Con) and 23% Arctic sea ice albedo reduction experiment (Alb). Both sets of experiments are annual means for 200 years of simulation. The Con has 12 members from two restarts (7 and 5) and the Alb experiment has 14 members from the same restarts (9 and 5). Annual datasets include: Winter (JFM) and summer (JAS) sea ice area fraction (SIA), Atlantic overturning streamfunction (zomsfatl,msftrho), sea level pressure (SLP), sea surface temperature (TOS), sea surface salinity (SOS), barotropic streamfunction (BSF), zonal windstress (TAUX), and meridional windstress (TAUY). Since there are two restarts from different model years, the time axis has been changed to count years of the experiment (i.e. 1,2,3,...200). The anomalies of the Alb experiment are also provided taking into account the respective control. The missing data is recorded as nan.</p> <p>The datasets are created from the IPSL-CM5A-LR output files, using CDO and Python3 commands to combine and create annual averages.</p>
Nitrogen availability determines ecosystem productivity in response to climate warming
<p><span>One of the major uncertainties for carbon-climate feedback predictions is an inadequate understanding of the mechanisms governing variations in ecosystem productivity response to warming. Temperature and water availability are regarded as the primary controls over the direction and magnitude of warming effects, but some unexplained results signal that our understanding is incomplete. Using two complementary meta-analyses, we present evidence that soil nitrogen (N) availability drives the warming effects on ecosystem productivity more strongly than thermal and hydrological factors over a broad geographical scale. First, by synthesizing temperature manipulation experiments, meta-regression model analysis showed that the warming effect on productivity is mainly driven by its effect on soil N availability. Sites with higher warming-induced increase in N availability were characterized by stronger productivity enhancement and vice versa, suggesting that N is a limiting factor across sites. Second, a synthesis of full-factorial warming×N addition experiments demonstrated that N addition significantly weakened the positive warming effect, because the additional N induced by warming may not further benefit plant growth when N limitation is relieved, providing experimental evidence that N regulates the warming effect. Further, we demonstrated that warming effects on soil N availability were modulated by changes in dissolved organic N and soil microbes. Overall, our findings enrich a new mechanistic understanding of the varying magnitudes of observed productivity response to warming, and the N scaling of warming effects may help constrain climate projections.</span></p>
Data for Contrasting life-history responses to climate variability in eastern and western North Pacific sardine populations
<p><span>Massive populations of sardines inhabit both the western and eastern boundaries of the world's subtropical ocean basins, supporting both commercial fisheries and populations of marine predators. Sardine populations in western and eastern boundary current systems have responded oppositely to decadal scale anomalies in ocean temperature, but the mechanism for differing variability has remained unclear. Here, based on otolith microstructure and high-resolution stable isotope analyses, we show that habitat temperature, early life growth rates, energy expenditure, metabolically optimal temperature and, most importantly, the relationship between growth rate and temperature were remarkably different between the two subpopulations in the western and eastern North Pacific. Varying metabolic response to environmental changes partly explain the contrasting growth responses. Consistent differences in the life-history traits are observed between subpopulations in the western and eastern boundary current systems around South Africa. These growth and survival characteristics can facilitate the contrasting responses of sardine populations to climate change.</span></p>
Comparing climatic suitability and niche distances to explain populations responses to extreme climatic events
<p><span>Habitat suitability calculated from Species Distribution Models (SDMs) has been used to assess population performance, but empirical studies have provided weak or inconclusive support to this approach. Novel approaches measuring population distances to niche centroid and margin in environmental space have been recently proposed to explain population performance, particularly when populations experience exceptional environmental conditions that may place them outside of the species niche. Here, we use data of co-occurring species' decay, gathered after an extreme drought event occurring in the SE of the Iberian Peninsula which highly affected rich semiarid shrubland communities, to compare the relationship between population decay (mortality and remaining green canopy) and (1) distances between populations' location and species niche margin and centroid in the environmental space, and (2) climatic suitability estimated from frequently used SDMs (here MaxEnt) considering both the extreme climatic episode and the average reference climatic period before this. We found that both SDMs-derived suitability and distances to species niche properly predict populations performance when considering the reference climatic period; but climatic suitability failed to predict performance considering the extreme climate period. In addition, while distance to niche margins accurately predict both mortality and remaining green canopy responses, centroid distances failed to explain mortality, suggesting that indexes containing information about the position to niche margin (inside or outside) are better to predict binary responses. We conclude that the location of populations in the environmental space is consistent with performance responses to extreme drought. Niche distances appear to be a more efficient approach than the use of climate suitability indices derived from more frequently used SDMs to explain population performance when dealing with environmental conditions that are located outside the species environmental niche. The use of this alternative metrics may be particularly useful when designing</span><span> conservation measures to mitigate impacts of shifting environmental conditions.</span></p>
Subglacial hydrology modulates basal sliding response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate forcing
<p><strong><em>Kazmierczak22_data.zip</em></strong><strong> contains the </strong><strong>dataset for the publication </strong><strong>« </strong>Subglacial hydrology modulates basal sliding response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate forcing » <strong>and </strong><strong>the <em>MATLAB</em> codes used to create the figures appearing in the paper. For more details, please, open the <em>Read me.txt</em> file. </strong></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.