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109 results for “ERS-2”
TCSP ER-2 MODIS AIRBORNE SIMULATOR (MAS) V1
The TCSP ER-2 MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) dataset was collected by a MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS), which is a multi-spectral line-scanner system that acquires image data in 50 spectral bands over wavelengths ranging from 0.46 to 14.3 microns. Flown on the ER-2 aircraft at an operating altitude of 19.8 km (65,000 ft.), it produces nominal pixel sizes of 50 meters. MAS includes nine spectral bands in the visible/near infrared, 16 bands in the shortwave infrared, 16 bands in the mid-wave infrared, and nine bands in the thermal infrared regions of the spectrum. The instrument field-of-view is 86 degrees, with an IFOV of 2.5 mrad. The MAS collected calibrated multi-spectral imagery from the ER-2 aircraft during the TCSP experiment. The MAS was developed by NASA primarily to validate L1B and L2 science products from the EOS satellite program. MAS data enables (1) the mapping of sub-pixel variation within the co-incident footprints of many orbital instruments (e.g. MODIS, AIRS, HIRS, AVHRR, GOES) in the visible and thermal infrared spectral regions and (2) the estimation of surface, aerosol, and cloud properties at 50 meter spatial resolution. The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify.
TCSP ER-2 LIGHTNING INSTRUMENT PACKAGE (LIP) V1
The TCSP ER-2 Lightning Instrument Package (LIP) dataset consists of electrical field measurements of lightning from seven field mills, air conductivity data from a two channel conductivity probe, and navigation data, for the period of July 2 to July 27, 2005. These data were collected by the Lightning Instrument Package (LIP) flown aboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft during the Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (TCSP) field campaign in July 2005. The main goal of the campaign was to gain further insight into the structure and lifecycle of tropical weather systems. The TCSP ER-2 LIP data are provided in ASCII text files with PNG browse image files.
CAMEX-3 ER-2 Doppler Radar (EDOP)
The CAMEX-3 ER-2 Doppler Radar (EDOP) dataset is a browse-only dataset that consists of plotted reflectivity and Doppler velocity data collected by the ER-2 Doppler Radar (EDOP) during the third field campaign in the Convection And Moisture EXperiment (CAMEX) series, CAMEX-3. This field campaign took place from August to September 1998 based out of Patrick Air Force Base in Florida, with the purpose of studying the various aspects of tropical cyclones in the region. EDOP was mounted onboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft from which it obtained vertical profiles of convection within tropical cyclones. The daily browse files are available from August 5 through September 27, 1998 in GIF format.
GPM GROUND VALIDATION ER-2 X-BAND RADAR (EXRAD) IPHEX V1
The GPM Ground Validation ER-2 X-band Radar (EXRAD) IPHEx dataset was collected in support of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Ground Validation Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEx) field campaign in North Carolina, with an intense study period occurring from May 1, 2014 through June 15, 2014. The goal of IPHEx was to evaluate the accuracy of satellite precipitation measurements and use the collected data for hydrology models in the region. EXRAD is a single-frequency X-band Doppler radar that measures reflectivity and Doppler velocity. The science instruments, including the EXRAD, onboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft acted as a proxy for GPM satellite instruments. This dataset is available in netCDF-3 file format.
CAMEX-4 ER-2 DOPPLER RADAR V1
The CAMEX-4 ER-2 Doppler Radar dataset was collected by the ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP), which is an X-band (9.6 GHz) Doppler radar mounted in the nose of ER-2. The instrument has two fixed antennas, one pointing at nadir and the second pointing approximately 33 degrees ahead of nadir. The beam width of the antenna is 3 degrees in the vertical and horizontal directions which, for a 20 km altitude, yields a nadir footprint at the surface of 1 km.
CLAMS ER-2 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (MAS)
CLAMS_ER2_MAS data were collected during the Chesapeake Lighthouse and Aircraft Measurements for Satellites (CLAMS) experiment with the objective to combine long term ocean spectral surface observations with satellite and aircraft measurements to enhance our knowledge of ocean surface reflections and aerosols.The MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) is an airborne scanning spectrometer that acquires high spatial resolution imagery of cloud and surface features from its vantage point on-board a NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. Data acquired by the MAS help to define, develop, and test algorithms for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), a key sensor of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). The MODIS program emphasizes the use of remotely sensed data to monitor variation in environmental conditions for assessing both natural and human-induced global change.The MAS spectrometer acquires high spatial resolution imagery in the range of 0.55 to 14.3 microns. A total of 50 spectral bands are available in this range. Pre-1995 the digitizer was configured for each mission to record a pre-selected group of 12 bands during the flight. For most of these missions the digitizer was configured to record four 10-bit channels and seven 8-bit channels. A 50-channel digitizer which records all 50 spectral bands at 12 bit resolution became operational in January 1995.The MAS spectrometer is mated to a scanner sub-assembly which collects image data with an IFOV of 2.5 mrad, giving a ground resolution of 50 meters from 20000 meters altitude, and a cross track scan width of 85.92 degrees.
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus & Transition Experiment (ASTEX) NASA ER-2 MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) Data
The First ISCCP Regional Experiments have been designed to improve data products and cloud/radiation parameterizations used in general circulation models (GCMs). Specifically, the goals of FIRE are (1) to improve the basic understanding of the interaction of physical processes in determining life cycles of cirrus and marine stratocumulus systems and the radiative properties of these clouds during their life cycles and (2) to investigate the interrelationships between the ISCCP data, GCM parameterizations, and higher space and time resolution cloud data. To-date, four intensive field-observation periods were planned and executed: a cirrus IFO (October 13 - November 2, 1986); a marine stratocumulus IFO off the southwestern coast of California (June 29 - July 20, 1987); a second cirrus IFO in southeastern Kansas (November 13 - December 7, 1991); and a second marine stratocumulus IFO in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (June 1 - June 28, 1992). Each mission combined coordinated satellite, airborne, and surface observations with modeling studies to investigate the cloud properties and physical processes of the cloud systems.The MODIS Airbourne Simulator (MAS) is a modified Daedalus Wildfire scanning spectrometer which flies on a NASA ER-2 and provides spectral information similar to that which will be provided by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), scheduled to be launched on the EOS-AM platform in 1998 (King et al. 1992). The principal investigators for the MAS are Dr. Michael King (NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt MD), and Dr. Paul Menzel (NOAA/NESDIS, Madison WI).In January 1992, the modified Wildfire instrument was converted to MAS configuration. In June 1992 the MAS was flown over portions of the Atlantic Ocean in the region of the Azores during the ASTEX experiment. Although the MAS instrument is a 50 band spectrometer, the data system used in this experiment could only record 12 channels (at 8-bit resolution). The MAS spectrometer acquires high spatial resolution imagery in the wavelength range of 0.55 to 14.3 microns. A total of 50 spectral bands are available in this range, and the digitizer can be configured to collect data from any 12 of these bands. The digitizer was configured with four 10-bit channels and seven 8-bit channels. The MAS spectrometer was mated to a scanner subassembly which collected image data with an IFOV of 2.5 mrad, giving a ground resolution of 50 meters from 20000 meters altitude, and a cross track scan width of 85.92 degrees. The data granules were written using the self documenting file storage format provided through the netCDF interface routines included in the HDF libraries.
TCSP ER-2 MICROWAVE TEMPERATURE PROFILER (MTP) V1
The TCSP ER-2 Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP) dataset was collected by the ER-2 Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP), which is a passive microwave radiometer which measures the thermal emission from oxygen molecules in the atmosphere for a selection of elevation angles (normally 10 between +60 and -58 degrees). The current observing frequencies are 55.5, 56.6 and 58.8 GHz. Measured 'brightness temperature' versus elevation angle is converted to air temperature versus altitude using a modified statistical retrieval procedure with a Bayesian component. An altitude temperature profile (ATP) is produced in this manner every 13 seconds or approximately 3 km along the flight path. The ATP can be used to produce a color-coded temperature curtain (CTC) of the temperature field which the ER2 has flown through, and to identify the tropopause location. ATPs can also be used to locate altitudes where the air is cold enough to condense nitric acid or water vapor to form polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify.
SMEX02 European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) AMI Data, Iowa, Version 1
This data set consists of browse images acquired by the C-band Active Microwave Instrument (AMI) onboard the European Remote Sensing Satellite 2 (ERS-2) and provides only a general quality assessment of the ERS-2 AMI data.
MASTER: Cal/Val for DC-8 and ER-2, California-Nevada, June, 1999
This dataset includes Level 1B (L1B) data products from the MODIS/ASTER Airborne Simulator (MASTER) instrument. The spectral data were collected during two flights aboard a DC-8 aircraft and one flight on a NASA ER-2 aircraft over California, Nevada, and eastern Pacific Ocean on 1999-06-18 to 1999-06-30. The objectives of this deployment included validation and cross-calibration of the instrument on the two airborne platforms. This deployment was coordinated by NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center (DRFC), renamed Armstrong Flight Research Center in 2014, located in Edwards, California. Data products include L1B georeferenced multispectral imagery of calibrated radiance in 50 bands covering wavelengths of 0.460 to 12.879 micrometers at spatial resolution of 7 to 50 meters. The L1B file format is HDF-4. In addition, the dataset includes flight paths, spectral band information, instrument configuration, ancillary notes, and summary information for each flight, and browse images derived from each L1B data file.
ER-2 X-Band Doppler Radar (EXRAD) IMPACTS
The ER-2 X-band Radar (EXRAD) IMPACTS dataset consists of radar reflectivity and Doppler velocity estimates collected by the EXRAD onboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. These data were gathered during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2023). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. The EXRAD IMPACTS dataset files are available from January 25, 2020, through March 2, 2023, in HDF-5 format.
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 1 NASA ER-2 Radiometer Data
The First ISCCP Regional Experiments have been designed to improve data products and cloud/radiation parameterizations used in general circulation models (GCMs). Specifically, the goals of FIRE are (1) to improve basic understanding of the interaction of physical processes in determining life cycles of cirrus and marine stratocumulus systems and the radiative properties of these clouds during their life cycles and (2) to investigate the interrelationships between the ISCCP data, GCM parameterizations, and higher space and time resolution cloud data.To-date, four intensive field-observation periods were planned and executed: a cirrus IFO (October 13-November 2, 1986); a marine stratocumulus IFO off the southwestern coast of California (June 29-July 20, 1987); a second cirrus IFO in southeastern Kansas (November 13-December 7, 1991); and a second marine stratocumulus IFO in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (June 1-June 28, 1992). Each mission combined coordinated satellite, airborne, and surface observations with modeling studies to investigate the cloud properties and physical processes of the cloud systems.Infrared radiation measurements from NASA ER-2 aircraft-based instruments during the FIRE Cirrus IFO, October/November 1986. 1) Narrow field-of-view nadir radiances and brightness temperatures, 6.6 and 10.4 um wavelength channels; 2) upwelling and downwelling hemispherical broadband solar fluxes; 3) net upwelling hemispherical fluxes, broadband thermal infrared.
L2 Daily Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) from ERS-2 GOME, 1995-2003
This dataset provides Level 2 Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) of Chlorophyll estimates derived from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) instrument on the European Space Agency's (ESA's) European Remote-Sensing 2 (ERS-2) satellite. Each file contains daily raw and bias-adjusted solar-induced fluorescence on an orbital basis (land pixels only), at a resolution of 40 km x 320 km, along with quality control information and ancillary data. Data is provided for the period from 1995-07-01 to 2003-06-22. The GOME SIF product is inherently noisy due to low signal levels and has undergone only a limited amount of validation. This dataset includes both Version 1 and Version 2 files. Version 2 includes new fields such as SIF uncertainties, longitude-latitude corners, and data coverage over ocean. In addition, the SIF bias adjustment differs between Versions 1 and 2. The data are provided in NetCDF format.
SAFARI 2000 ER-2 Color-IR Aerial Photography, Dry Season 2000
Aerial photography from the NASA ER-2 high altitude aircraft was collected to provide detailed and spatially extensive documentation over parts of the SAFARI study area. The ER-2 aerial photography consists of 3,046 color-infrared (IR) transparencies collected during the SAFARI 2000 Dry Season Aircraft Campaign in August and September of 2000. ORNL DAAC has archived scanned subsets of the ER-2 aerial photography.The original color-IR aerial photography the SAFARI 2000 Dry Season Aircraft Campaign is located at NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) Aircraft Data and Sensor Facilities. Copies can be ordered from the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC) in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA. In addition, 515 image frames have been scanned from copies of the original level-0 ER-2 aerial photography by the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), in Pretoria, South Africa. ORNL DAAC has archived subsets of the available imagery from ARC and Wits. Information about the imagery subsets that are available from ORNL DAAC, as well as information about the original color-IR aerial photography at ARC and scanned imagery at Wits can be found at: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/atmospheric/remote_sensing/er2_aerial_photos/comp/er2_aerial_photos_readme.pdf.
CAMEX-4 ER-2 HIGH ALTITUDE DROPSONDE V1
The CAMEX-4 ER-2 High Altitude Dropsonde dataset was collected by the ER-2 High Altitude Dropsonde System (EHAD), which used dropwinsondes fitted with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to measure the atmospheric state parameters (temp, humidity, windspeed/direction, pressure) and location in 3 dimensional space during the sonde's descent once each half second. Measurements was transmitted to the aircraft from the time of release until impact with the ocean's surface.
CAMEX-4 ER-2 MICROWAVE TEMPERATURE PROFILER V1
The CAMEX-4 ER-2 Microwave Temperature Profiler dataset was collected by the Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP), which is a passive microwave radiometer which measures the thermal emission from oxygen molecules in the atmosphere for a selection of elevation angles. Current observing frequencies are 56.6 and 58.8 GHz. Measured brightness temperature versus elevation angle is converted to air temperature versus altitude using a statistical retrieval procedure. An altitude temperature profile is produced every three km along the flight path. Data were collected from the Jacksonville Naval Air Station, Florida during the CAMEX-4 campaign spanning from August 26 - September 26. 2001.
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (CIRRUS 2) NASA ER-2 Cloud Lidar System Data
The First ISCCP Regional Experiments have been designed to improve data products and cloud/radiation parameterizations used in general circulation models (GCMs). Specifically, the goals of FIRE are (1) to improve the basic understanding of the interaction of physical processes in determining life cycles of cirrus and marine stratocumulus systems and the radiative properties of these clouds during their life cycles and (2) to investigate the interrelationships between the ISCCP data, GCM parameterizations, and higher space and time resolution cloud data. To-date, four intensive field-observation periods were planned and executed: a cirrus IFO (October 13 - November 2, 1986); a marine stratocumulus IFO off the southwestern coast of California (June 29 - July 20, 1987); a second cirrus IFO in southeastern Kansas (November 13 - December 7, 1991); and a second marine stratocumulus IFO in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (June 1 - June 28, 1992). Each mission combined coordinated satellite, airborne, and surface observations with modeling studies to investigate the cloud properties and physical processes of the cloud systems. Operations Plan (1992). The Cloud Lidar System (CLS) instrument was flown aboard the NASA ER-2 airplane. This instrument was used to determine cloud altitudes. Information pertaining to the number of cloud layers detected; the heights of the boundaries for up to 5 cloud layers; geo-physical location information; and time were recorded. Four channels of data were recorded. The first channel recorded wavelengths at 532 nanometers in the parallel plane. The second channel recorded wavelengths of 532 nanometers in the perpendicular plane. The third channel recorded wavelengths of 1064 nanometers total. The forth channel was a linear amplifier which received the digitized signal from one of the three previously mentioned CLS detectors. The data are organized so that there is a single header record for the file. This header record is followed by a series of pairs of records.The first record of each pair contains the CLS calibrated data and the second record of the pair contains the CLS analyzed data.
TCSP ER-2 DOPPLER RADAR (EDOP) V1
The TCSP ER-2 DOPPLER RADAR (EDOP) dataset was collected by the ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP), which is an X-band (9.6 GHz) Doppler radar mounted in the nose of the ER-2 aircraft that provides vertically profiled reflectivity and Doppler velocity at aircraft nadir along the flight track. The instrument has two fixed antennas, one pointing at nadir and the second pointing approximately 33 degrees ahead of nadir. The beam width of the antenna is 3 degree in the vertical and horizontal directions which, for a 20 km altitude, yields a nadir footprint at the surface of 1 km. Each Antenna measures the doppler velocity, doppler spectral width, and reflectivity factor. Doppler velocities provide a measure of the pulse volume-weighted hydrometer motion (hydrometer fallspeed + air motion). Vertical air motion can be calculated from the nadir beam by removing the fallspeed contribution with an approximation. The linear depolarization ratio (the ratio of the cross-polar to the co-polar reflectivites) can be measured along the forward beam. EDOP provides measurements from a forward pointing beam that is used in combination with the nadir beam for estimating the along-track winds. The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify.
CAMEX-4 ER-2 MODIS AIRBORNE SIMULATOR (MAS) V1
The MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) is an airborne scanning spectrometer that acquires high spatial resolution imagery of cloud and surface features from its vantage point on-board a NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. This dataset has visible and infrared imagery calibrated to at-sensor radiance. Included are many associated browse files including the flight line tracks, and also text files of nadir brightness temperature and radiance for selected bands.
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Cirrus 1 NASA ER-2 Cloud Lidar System Data
The First ISCCP Regional Experiments have been designed to improve data products and cloud/radiation parameterizations used in general circulation models (GCMs). Specifically, the goals of FIRE are (1) to improve basic understanding of the interaction of physical processes in determining life cycles of cirrus and marine stratocumulus systems and the radiative properties of these clouds during their life cycles and (2) to investigate the interrelationships between the ISCCP data, GCM parameterizations, and higher space and time resolution cloud data.To-date, four intensive field-observation periods were planned and executed: a cirrus IFO (October 13-November 2, 1986); a marine stratocumulus IFO off the southwestern coast of California (June 29-July 20, 1987); a second cirrus IFO in southeastern Kansas (November 13-December 7, 1991); and a second marine stratocumulus IFO in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (June 1-June 28, 1992). Each mission combined coordinated satellite, airborne, and surface observations with modeling studies to investigate the cloud properties and physical processes of the cloud systems. This data set contains cloud top height and ground height calculations from the NASA ER-2 Cloud LIDAR System (CLS) during the Wisconsin FIRE experiment in October, 1986.
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