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360 results for “Ecology: population”
Figure 16 in Population ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in a deciduous forest floor of the Trimurti Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
Figure 16. Showing the monthly fluctuations of total population and humidity(%) in Rows I, II and III.
Figure 12 in Population ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in a deciduous forest floor of the Trimurti Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
Figure 12. Showing the monthly fluctuations of male, female and nymph population, temperature and humidity in Row I.
Figure 32 in Population ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in a deciduous forest floor of the Trimurti Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
Figure 32. Monthly changes in biomass (mg dry wt./m2) of male, female and nymph population of C. udumalpetense.
FIGURE 5 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 5 Spatial distribution of juvenile Raja clavata (<60 cm) catch per unit effort (CPUE) from annual Shetland inshore fish surveys (SIFS) conducted between 2017 and 2022. Blue crosses indicate inshore habitat surveys (20–50 m water depth), and red crosses indicate shallow water habitat surveys (50–150 m water depth). The size of circle indicates CPUE. The location of each R. clavata individual was assigned as the midpoint of the associated tow.
FIGURE 2 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 2 Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Raja clavata for the shallow (red) (2017–2022) and inshore (blue) (2011–2022) survey locations. The mean result is shown by solid lines, and the shaded area represents the variability between tows (standard error).
FIGURE 1 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 1 Inshore (blue) and shallow (red) survey tow habitats during Shetland Inshore Fish Survey. Tows identified by their station code and corresponding fishing grounds, for example, HA01, Fitful Head.
FIGURE 4 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 4 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot showing ordinations generated from a Bray–Curtis similarity matrix on Raja clavata catch per unit effort (CPUE) Bray-Curtis similarities between shallow water and inshore habitat tow locations. Surveys are grouped into shallow (red) and inshore (blue) habitats. Labels represent survey habitat and year, for example, I22 = Inshore survey conducted in 2022. nMDS plot 2D stress is 0.06, indicating a clear distinction of the two clusters (dashed lines). Inset picture shows two Raja clavata sampled in a tow; basket diameter at base is 35 cm.
FIGURE 3 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 3 Length-frequency distribution, by sex, of Raja clavata in shallow and inshore locations from 2017 to 2022. This presents raw count data, before standardization to account for tow effort. Counts are summed up across the years 2017–2022.
Fig. 3 in Ornithological Fauna Of The Waste Water Treatment Plants In The Northern Left Bank Ukraine (Chernihiv And Kyiv Regions): Winter Populations And Ecological Structure
Fig. 3. Similarity clusters of bird populations' species composition in winter according to the water treatment facilities' biotopic zones: 1 — zone of water bodies; 2 — dam zone; 3 — technological zone 4 — meadows agricultural zone.
Data from: What ecological factors favor parthenogenesis over sexual reproduction? A study on the facultatively parthenogenetic mayfly Alainites muticus in natural populations
<p>Different reproductive modes are characterized by costs and benefits which depend on ecological contexts. For example, sex can provide benefits under complex biotic interactions, while its costs increase under mate limitation. Furthermore, ecological contexts often vary along abiotic gradients. Here, we study how these factors simultaneously influence the frequency of sex in the facultatively parthenogenetic mayfly Alainites muticus . We first verified that parthenogenesis translates into female-biased population sex ratios. We then measured the density of individuals (a proxy for mate limitation) and community diversity (biotic interaction complexity) for 159 A. muticus populations covering a broad altitudinal gradient and used structural equation modeling to investigate their direct and indirect influences on sex ratios. We found no effect of community diversity or altitude on sex ratios. Furthermore, even when females can reproduce parthenogenetically, they generally reproduce sexually, indicating that the benefits of sex exceed its costs in most situations. Sex ratios only become female-biased under low population densities, as expected if mate limitation was the main factor selecting for parthenogenesis. Mate limitation might be widespread in mayflies because of their short adult lifespan and limited dispersal, which can generate strong selection for reproductive assurance and may provide a stepping-stone towards obligate parthenogenesis.</p>
The cost of self-promotion: Ecological and demographic implications of the mentor effect in natural Taraxacum populations
<p>This data accompanies the pending publication "The cost of self-promotion: Ecological and demographic implications of the mentor effect in natural <em>Taraxacum </em>populations" by Lynn et al. The work is also published under Austin Lynn's PhD Dissertation, which is under embargo until 2022.</p>
Genome-wide association implicates numerous genes underlying ecological trait variation in natural populations of Populus trichocarpa
In order to uncover the genetic basis of phenotypic trait variation, we used 448 unrelated wild accessions of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) from much of its range in western North America. Extensive data from large-scale trait phenotyping (with spatial and temporal replications within a common garden) and genotyping (with a 34 K Populus single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array) of all accessions were used for gene discovery in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We performed GWAS with 40 biomass, ecophysiology and phenology traits and 29 355 filtered SNPs representing 3518 genes. The association analyses were carried out using a Unified Mixed Model accounting for population structure effects among accessions. We uncovered 410 significant SNPs using a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 1.7 × 10−6). Markers were found across 19 chromosomes, explained 1–13% of trait variation, and implicated 275 unique genes in trait associations. Phenology had the largest number of associated genes (240 genes), followed by biomass (53 genes) and ecophysiology traits (25 genes). The GWAS results propose numerous loci for further investigation. Many traits had significant associations with multiple genes, underscoring their genetic complexity. Genes were also identified with multiple trait associations within and/or across trait categories. In some cases, traits were genetically correlated while in others they were not.
Genome-wide association implicates numerous genes underlying ecological trait variation in natural populations of Populus trichocarpa
In order to uncover the genetic basis of phenotypic trait variation, we used 448 unrelated wild accessions of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) from much of its range in western North America. Extensive data from large-scale trait phenotyping (with spatial and temporal replications within a common garden) and genotyping (with a 34 K Populus single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array) of all accessions were used for gene discovery in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We performed GWAS with 40 biomass, ecophysiology and phenology traits and 29 355 filtered SNPs representing 3518 genes. The association analyses were carried out using a Unified Mixed Model accounting for population structure effects among accessions. We uncovered 410 significant SNPs using a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P < 1.7 × 10−6). Markers were found across 19 chromosomes, explained 1–13% of trait variation, and implicated 275 unique genes in trait associations. Phenology had the largest number of associated genes (240 genes), followed by biomass (53 genes) and ecophysiology traits (25 genes). The GWAS results propose numerous loci for further investigation. Many traits had significant associations with multiple genes, underscoring their genetic complexity. Genes were also identified with multiple trait associations within and/or across trait categories. In some cases, traits were genetically correlated while in others they were not.
Figure 13 in Population ecology of Ctenolepisma (C.) udumalpetense (Insecta: Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in a deciduous forest floor of the Trimurti Dam, Tamil Nadu, India
Figure 13. Showing the monthly fluctuations of male, female and nymph population, temperature and humidity in Row II.
Data from: Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms in dwarf willow (Salix herbacea L.)
<p>Biased sex ratios among reproductive individuals are common in plants, but the underlying mechanisms, as well as the evolutionary consequences, are not well understood. The classical theory of Düsing and Fisher predicts an equal primary sex ratio at seed production, based on the selective advantage of the rare sex. Biased sex ratios among reproductive plants can arise from sexual dimorphism in survival and flowering. Sex ratio biases can also be present from the seed stage; in these cases, assumptions of Düsing's and Fisher's theory, for example, random mating or demographic equilibrium, are thought to be violated.</p> <p>We investigated mechanisms leading to female-biased sex ratios in the arctic-alpine dwarf willow <em>Salix herbacea</em> L. We studied sex ratios in three natural populations over three years as well as in 29 crosses (full-sib families) under controlled conditions over four growth periods. We tested whether sex ratio was associated with habitat parameters (elevation and snowmelt time), or with germination, survival or flowering, and whether females and males differed in size or flowering that may cause observation bias.</p> <p>We detected a strong and consistent female bias, both in natural populations (sex ratio [proportion of females]: 0.71-0.82) and in our controlled experiment (overall sex ratio: 0.70-0-72). Female bias became more pronounced with increasing elevation. Our data did not support sexual dimorphism in size or flowering. Family sex ratios varied largely (from 0.25 to 1), including many female-biased families, unbiased families and two male-biased families. Families with lower germination, seedling establishment, survival or flowering did not have stronger female bias, indicating that intrinsically higher survival or flowering in females does not explain overall female bias. </p> <p>Synthesis: Our results suggest that sex ratio bias in <em>S. herbacea</em> is already present in seeds and does not arise through intrinsic differences between sexes. Candidate mechanisms that can lead to both overall female bias and variation in sex ratio among families are meiotic drive or cyto-nuclear interactions. The pioneer habit of <em>Salix</em> may lead to non-equilibrium population dynamics that allow for the long-term persistence of variable genetic sex ratio distortion systems that arise from genetic conflict.</p>
Figure 2 in A review of the occurrence and ecology of dense populations of Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta: Serpulidae)
Figure 2. Photo of East Shetland Basin survey station 28 sample with numerous Ditrupa tubes; also visible are the solitary coral Caryophyllia smithii (red arrow) and the foraminiferan Astrorhiza arenaria (yellow arrow).
Figure 1 in A review of the occurrence and ecology of dense populations of Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta: Serpulidae)
Figure 1. Records of high densities of Ditrupa from the North-east Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. 1, Stephen (1923). 2, Glémarec (1969). 3, Hartley and Dicks (1977). 4, Dyer et al. (1982). 5, Gambi and Giangrande (1986). 6, Grémare et al. (1998). 7, Cosentino and Giacobbe (2006). 8, Hartley Anderson Ltd (2008). 9, Labrune et al. (2007a). 10, Gardline (2009). 11, Morton and Salvador (2009). 12, Wilson et al. (1983).
Figure 1 in Assessment Of Flax Population Productivity Under Variable Ecological Factors During Ontogenesis
Figure 1. Hydrothermal coefficients (HTC) during the growth period of flax from 2014 to 2017 (y axis) and long term average (last 10 year data sets according WMO, 2017). Ranges of values (Skowera et al., 2014): HTC <0.4 extremely dry; 0.4 3.0 extremely humid.
Figure 5 in The Population Ecology of (Kusn.) Woronow in the Highlands of the Republic of Adygea
Figure 5. Intrapopulation and ecological-geographical variability of G. oschtenica: 1 – the length of the calyx; 2 – the length of the prong cup; 3 – the ratio of calyx length to the length of the prong; 4 – cup wing width; 5 – the length of the corolla limb; 6 – the diameter of the rim at the limb; 7 – the length of the blade of the limb; 8 – length of escape to the base of the cup; 9 – the length of the rosette leaf; 10 – width of rosette leaf; 11 – length of penultimate sheet; 12 – the width of the penultimate leaf; 13 – length of the last sheet; 14 – the width of the last sheet.
Figure 4 in The Population Ecology of (Kusn.) Woronow in the Highlands of the Republic of Adygea
Figure 4. Ontogenetic structure of coenopopulations G. oschtenica: 1-4 – subalpine cenopopulation; 5-8– alpine cenopopulation; 7-8 – rocky-scree cenopopulations.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.