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168 results for “Explosion”
Evidence that catecholaminergic systems mediate dynamic colour change during explosive breeding events in toads
<p><span>Many animals communicate by rapidly (within minutes or seconds) changing their body coloration. We know, however, little about the physiology of this behaviour. Here we study how catecholaminergic hormones regulate rapid colour change in explosive breeding toads (<em>Duttaphrynus melanostictus</em>), where large groups of males gather and quickly change their colour from brown to bright yellow during reproduction. We find that both epinephrine (EP) and/or norepinephrine (NE) cause the toads' skin to become yellow in minutes, even in the absence of social and environmental cues associated with explosive breeding. We hypothesize that natural selection drives the evolution of rapid colour change by co-opting the functional effects of catecholaminergic action. If so, then hormones involved in "fight or flight" responsivity may mechanistically facilitate the emergence of dynamic visual signals that mediate communication in a sexual context. </span></p>
Clear Ionospheric Detections of Infrasound produced by Conventional Surface Explosives
<p>These HDF5 files contain complex time series data from HF receptions of a Digisonde Portable Sounder 4D (DPS4D). Each data point is the phase and amplitude of a decoded Sky Map mode pulse. </p>
Pre-explosion dynamo in the cores of massive stars
<p>Inlists associated with <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/?#abs/2017MNRAS.464.3249S">Soker & Gilkis (2017)</a>. MESA version 7624.</p> <p>Publication DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2546">10.1093/mnras/stw2546</a></p>
Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
<p>MESA inlists associated with <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJS..234...34P/abstract">Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions</a></p>
Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
<p>MESA inlists associated with <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/?#abs/2015ApJS..220...15P">Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions</a></p>
Fast and Luminous Transients from the Explosions of Long-lived Massive White Dwarf Merger Remnants
<p>MESA inlists and run_star_extras associated with <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/?#abs/2017ApJ...850..127B">Brooks et al. (2017)</a>. MESA version 9793.</p> <p>Publication DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9568">10.3847/1538-4357/aa9568</a></p>
AM Canum Venaticorum Progenitors with Helium Star Donors and the Resultant Explosions
<p>MESA inlists and run_star_extras associated with <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/?#abs/2015ApJ...807...74B">Brooks et al. (2015)</a>. MESA version 5118.</p> <p>Publication DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/74">10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/74</a></p>
Supplementary material for "Moment tensor and point force estimation, with applications to earthquakes, landslides, and the 2017 DPRK nuclear explosion"
<p>This Zenodo archive contains supplementary data and code for the paper <strong>Moment tensor and point force estimation, with applications to earthquakes, landslides, and the 2017 DPRK nuclear explosion</strong> (submitted to <em>Geophysical Journal International</em>). The archive provides scripts and data to reproduce some of the figures and results presented in the paper / supplementary material.</p>
Horizontal transfer and subsequent explosive expansion of a DNA transposon in sea kraits (Laticauda)
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Transposable elements (TEs) are self replicating genetic sequences and are often described as important “drivers of evolution”. This driving force is because TEs promote genomic novelty by enabling rearrangement, and through exaptation as coding and regulatory elements. However, most TE insertions will be neutral or harmful, therefore host genomes have evolved machinery to supress TE expansion. Through horizontal transposon transfer (HTT) TEs can colonise new genomes, and since new hosts may not be able to shut them down, these TEs may proliferate rapidly. Here we describe HTT of the <em>Harbinger-Snek</em> DNA transposon into sea kraits (<em>Laticauda</em>), and its subsequent explosive expansion within <em>Laticauda</em> genomes. This HTT occurred following the divergence of <em>Laticauda</em> from terrestrial Australian elapids ~15-25 Mya. This has resulted in numerous insertions into introns and regulatory regions, with some insertions into exons which appear to have altered UTRs or added sequence to coding exons. <em>Harbinger-Snek</em> has rapidly expanded to make up 8-12% of <em>Laticauda</em> spp. genomes; this is the fastest known expansion of TEs in amniotes following HTT. Genomic changes caused by this rapid expansion may have contributed to adaptation to the amphibious-marine habitat.</p> <p><strong>Dataset</strong></p> <p>The deposited dataset contains scripts used in analysis, GFFs of the <em>Laticauda </em>genome gene annotations produced using Liftoff, repeat sequences of all <em>Harbinger-Snek variants and Harbinger-Snek</em>-like TEs, repeat library used in RepeatMasker repeat annotation, repeat annotation of <em>Laticauda, Notechis</em> and <em>Pseudonaja</em> genomes, screenshots of IGV showing RNASeq reads mapped to gene exons and UTRs containing <em>Harbinger-Snek</em> insertions, and all phylogenetic trees and the sequence data used in generating them.</p>
Three-dimensional simulations of rapidly rotating core-collapse supernovae: finding a neutrino-powered explosion aided by non-axisymmetric flows
<p>Those are movies of numerical supernova models, which appear in Takiwaki, Kotake, and Suwa 2016 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Volume 461, Issue 1, p.L112-L116.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data for "Light Curves of Type IIP Supernovae from Neutrino-driven Explosions of Red Supergiants Obtained by a Semi-analytic Approach"
<p>Data in the form of Table 1 in the accompanying paper "Light Curves of Type IIP Supernovae from Neutrino-driven Explosions of Red Supergiants Obtained by a Semi-analytic Approach" at arXiv.org</p> <p>See the README file on the usage</p>
Implications of large binding energies of massive stripped core collapse supernova progenitors on the explosion mechanism
<p>Inlist files (r15140) used for the creation of the core-collapse progenitor models in the paper "The implications of large binding energies of massive, stripped, core-collapse supernova progenitors on the explosion mechanism". Based on the ‘20M pre ms to core collapse’ example from MESA r22.05, adapted for use in r15140, and include several variations as detailed in the paper appendix A. See README.txt for running details and example script.</p> <p>Also included are the full simulation list and the profiles of the 52 simulated cases, including the pre-collapse profiles at the point of termination for the 27 models that reached collapse. Profiles are at central oxygen depletion (5% abundance at center), central silicon depletion (5% abundance at center) and collapse, as defined in the paper.</p>
Dataset: Live cell dynamics of production, explosive release and killing activity of phage tail-like weapons for Pseudomonas kin exclusion
<p>This dataset is related to "Live cell dynamics of production, explosive release and killing activity of phage tail-like weapons for Pseudomonas kin exclusion" and contains the raw data obtained.</p>
Steam explosion of eucalypt sawdust for ethanol production within a biorefinery approach - Supplementary Material
<p>Supplementary Material to the manuscript entitled "Steam explosion of eucalypt sawdust for ethanol production within a biorefinery approach", which has been revised according to the reviewers' comments and submitted for publication in <em>Processes</em> MDPI (July 18, 2023).</p>
Data from: phenology and environmental determinants of explosive breeding in gliding treefrogs: diel timing of rainfall matters
<p>The influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the temporal pattern of calling and breeding for many temperate anurans is well understood. However, few studies have documented patterns of reproduction in explosive-breeding tropical frogs or incorporated multiple environmental factors in their analyses, especially across multiple breeding seasons. We combine long-term natural history observations and automated data collection methods with boosted regression tree (BRT) analysis to determine the phenology and determinants of explosive breeding in the gliding treefrog, <em>Agalychnis spurrelli</em>. We monitored breeding for a total of 418 days across three breeding seasons and determined the relative importance of several environmental factors on the probability of calling and breeding activity. Our study population of A. spurrelli on Costa Rica's Osa Peninsula forms breeding aggregations up to 11 times per year during 1–2-day long explosive-breeding events, from late May to mid-September. Calling and breeding activity are strongly and positively related to accumulated rainfall during the previous 24 and 48–24 hours before, particularly rainfall during the afternoon and evening. Day-of-year, days since breeding occurred, and lunar phase also influence reproductive activity. This study provides the first description and analysis of the phenology and factors that predict explosive breeding in <em>A. spurrelli </em>and illustrates the value of using automated data collection paired with BRTs for analysis of complex ecological data.</p>
Temporal variability of explosive activity at Tajogaite Volcano, Cumbre Vieja (Canary Islands), 2021 eruption from ground-based infrared photography and videography
<p>Supplementary material to: Temporal variability of explosive activity at Tajogaite Volcano, Cumbre Vieja (Canary Islands), 2021 eruption from ground-based infrared photography and videography (2023). </p> <p>Files are short infrared videos of explosive activity in the near-vent region of Tajogaite Volcano. Files are named by date of acquisition. </p>
Increased impact sensitivity in ageing high explosives: Analysis of Amatol extracted from explosive remnants of war
<p>Millions of tonnes of explosive remnants of war remain in nature, and the volume is continuously growing. The explosive legacy of wars represents an increasing threat to the environment and to societal safety and security. As munitions continue to deteriorate, harmful constituents will eventually leak into the environment, poisoning ecological receptors and contaminating the surrounding soil and groundwater. Deteriorating munitions may also become increasingly sensitive to external stimuli and may be susceptible to accidental detonation. To thoroughly assess how to address these ageing munitions, we must first establish certain threshold values for the safe and secure handling and final disposal of the explosive ordnance. One key factor is to establish how the impact sensitivity of the explosives evolves over time. In the present work, we investigated the high explosive substance Amatol extracted from ageing explosive remnants of war. The results obtained in the analysis indicate that the high explosives in the examined specimens generally were much more sensitive to impact than previously assumed. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the standardised methodology of impact sensitivity testing was insufficient for estimating the sensitivities in question, and a more careful statistical analysis was required.</p>
The evolution of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis in the Late Cretaceous is a key driver of explosive diversification in Agaricomycetes
<p>Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) symbiosis is one of the most ubiquitous and important plant–microbe interactions in forest ecosystems. Coevolutionary interactions often create new ecological opportunities for explosive diversification. It remains unclear why the evolution of EcM fungi did not necessarily increase ecological opportunities for explosive diversification. This study aims to reveal the driving mechanism of the explosive diversification in the fungal class Agaricomycetes, specifically by testing whether the evolution of EcM symbiosis in the Late Cretaceous increased ecological opportunities. Molecular phylogenies of Agaricomycetes inferred from fragments of 89 single-copy genes indicate that the unidirectional evolution of EcM symbiosis occurred multiple times, ranging in date from the early Triassic to the early Paleogene. However, five analyses for estimating net diversification rates (speciation rates minus extinction rates) suggest that the explosive diversification occurred only at the stem EcM fungal clades diverging in the late Cretaceous, coinciding with the rapid diversification of EcM angiosperms. The present findings suggest that the evolution of EcM symbiosis, supposedly with coevolving EcM angiosperms, in the Late Cretaceous was the key drive of the explosive diversification in Agaricomycetes.</p>
Supplementary Movies: High-rate very-long-period seismicity at Yasur volcano, Vanuatu: Source mechanism and decoupling from surficial explosions and infrasound
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Data from: Explosive diversification of marine fishes at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary
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