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69 results for “Geoemydidae”
FIGURE 1 in A new species of the genus Ocadia (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the middle Miocene of Tanegashima Island, southwestern Japan and its paleogeographic implications
FIGURE 1. Location of Tanegashima Island, southwestern Japan (A) and locality of the present turtle fossil (MTE1, B) with adjacent geological map. 1, Osaki Formation; 2, Kawachi Formation; 3, Tashiro Formation; 4, Kumage Group; 5, fault; 6, fossil locality. The geological map used was a modified version of the map presented by Inoue (1992).
FIGURE 5 in A new species of the genus Ocadia (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the middle Miocene of Tanegashima Island, southwestern Japan and its paleogeographic implications
FIGURE 5. Occurrences of Ocadia fossils in late early (A) and early middle (B) Miocene of Japan. Paleogeographic maps of mainland Japan and adjacent regions in these ages follows Ogasawara (1994) with slight modification on the basis of Yamamoto et al. (2000). Filled circle: localities of the latest early to early middle Miocene specimens from Okayama and Fukushima Prefectures, open circle: locality of the late early Miocene specimens from Nagasaki Prefecture, filled square: locality of O. tanegashimensis, open square: putative occurrence of ancestral stock of O. tanegashimensis. Gray areas denote land.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of the genus Ocadia (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the middle Miocene of Tanegashima Island, southwestern Japan and its paleogeographic implications
FIGURE 4. Illustration of Ocadia tanegashimensis (MTE1) from Tanegashima Island. A, the carapace in dorsal and B, the plastron in ventral views. Abbreviations: abd, abdominal; an, anal; ce, cervical; co, costal; ent, entoplastron; epi, epiplastron; fe, femoral; gu, gular; hu, humeral; hyo, hyoplastron; hyp, hypoplastron; LE, length of the epiplastron; LHS, length of the hyoplastral suture; m, marginal; ne, neural; nu, nuchal; pec, pectoral; pl, pleural; v, vertebral; xip, xiphiplastron. Symbol +: locations of upper ends of the plastral buttresses in ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
FIGURE 5 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 5. Cyclemys gemeli: (a) ventral aspect of subadult turtle (152.3 mm carapace length), Jia Bhoroli River region, 35 km to Tezpur, Nameri National Park, Assam; (b) head and neck pattern of same individual; (c) dorsal aspect of adult female (232.0 mm carapace length), Jia Bhoroli River region, 35 km to Tezpur, Nameri National Park, Assam; (d) ventral aspect of same female, note the small triangular extra scutes between pectoralia and abdominalia due to a secondary division of the abdominalia by the plastral hinge; (e) lateral and (f) dorsal head and neck pattern of same female. The turtle depicted in (c)–(e) is the individual mentioned in the original description of C. gemeli (Fritz et al. 2008).
FIGURE 6 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 6. Jia Bhoroli River, Nameri National Park, Assam. Habitat of Cyclemys gemeli, Pangshura sylhetensis (Geoemydidae), and Nilssonia nigricans (Trionychidae).
FIGURE 4 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 4. Cyclemys gemeli: (a) dorsal and (b) ventral aspect of small juvenile (65.2 mm carapace length), Tuli, Nagaland; (c) dorsal and (d) ventral aspect of juvenile (101.7 mm carapace length), between Guwahati and Shillong, near Barni Hat, Meghalaya; (e) head and neck pattern of same turtle; (f) lateral and (g) ventral aspect of adult male (approx. 180–190 mm carapace length), Dimapur, Nagaland; (h) head and neck pattern of same male.
FIGURE 3 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 3. Fifty-percent majority rule tree based on mixed-model Bayesian analysis of three nuclear DNA fragments (C-mos: 573 bp; Rag2: 628 bp; R35 intron: 1075 bp) of leaf turtles (Cyclemys). Numbers above nodes are posterior probabilities; below nodes, ML and MP bootstrap values. For further explanations, see Fig. 2 and text.
FIGURE 2 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis for Cyclemys species as revealed by Bayesian analysis of 984 bp of the mitochondrial cyt b gene. Numbers preceding species names are GenBank accession numbers or voucher numbers (CAS —California Academy of Sciences; FMNH—Field Museum of Natural History; MTDT—Museum of Zoology Dresden, tissue collection). A, B, C denote haplotypes of C. gemeli. Haplotype A was identified in two samples (MTDT 5055- 5056). The cyt b sequence of the type specimen of C. gemeli (AM931656; Fritz et al. 2008) is identical with haplotype C. Numbers along nodes indicate posterior probabilities. Under ML and MP, bootstrap support of each note is 100%. Note that C. enigmatica clusters within C. dentata, suggesting introgressive hybridization (for details, see Fritz et al. 2008).
FIGURE 1 in Further specimens and phylogenetic position of the recently described leaf turtle species Cyclemys gemeli (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 1. Records for Cyclemys in north-eastern India and adjacent Myanmar. Star indicates type locality of Cyclemys gemeli (Assam: street from Tezpur to Arunachal Pradesh, 5 km to border of Arunachal Pradesh; Fritz et al. 2008); open circles, observation sites; closed circles, genetically verified new records of C. gemeli. Numbers refer to Table 1. Diamonds represent genetically verified records of C. fusca in Myanmar (large symbol corresponds with 'Kachin state'; Fritz et al. 2008).
FIGURE 6. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 6. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on 3620 bp of nuclear DNA (partial Rag 1, Rag 2, C-mos, R35 and ODC genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities> 0.95 in Bayesian analyses. Note the monophyly of R. melanosterna; lineages I–IV are distributed in the western part, lineages VI and VII in the eastern part of the range.
FIGURE 5. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 5. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on 2050 bp of mitochondrial DNA (partial cyt b, 12S and 16S genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities of 1.0 in Bayesian analyses (no other branches had support values equal to or greater than 0.95). Note the polyphyly of R. melanosterna.
FIGURE 4 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 4. Geographical variation of head pattern in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna. Figured turtles are: (a) MTD T 4885, Cazuela, Lorica, Córdoba, Colombia; (b) MTD T 4888, Sicara, Lorica, Córdoba, Colombia; (c) MTD T 4726, Montelibano, Córdoba, Colombia; (d) MTD T 4569, Qda. Carmelo, Caucasia, Antioquia, Colombia; (e) MTD T 9167, Ladrilleros, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; (f) MTD T 9171, Ciénaga de Barbacoas, Antioquia, Colombia; (g) MTD T 4565, Caño Grande, Cesar, Colombia; F = R. funerea; D = R. diademata; P = R. punctularia. Colour of ranges of R. funerea, R. melanosterna and R. diademata correspond to Figure 1. Roman numerals indicate mitochondrial clades of R. melanosterna, coloured circles symbolize different colours of head stripes. Symbols without Roman numerals refer to specimens described by Medem (1962); vouchers are in the collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Bogotá, Colombia (see text).
FIGURE 3 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 3. Parsimony network of cyt b haplotypes of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, including sequences of R. diademata, R. funerea and R. punctularia, based on an alignment of 1060 bp length. Circle size indicates haplotype frequency. Missing node haplotypes are shown as small black circles. Each line connecting haplotypes corresponds to one mutational step, if not otherwise indicated by bold numbers. Stippled connections were not established under the 95% criterion. Haplotype codes refer to Appendix I.
FIGURE 1 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 1. Approximate ranges of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna and the allied species R. funerea, R. diademata and R. punctularia (top; based on Rueda-Almonacid et al. 2007) and sampling sites for R. melanosterna (bottom; red dots). Stippled line separates the distribution of the two clusters of mitochondrial haplotypes of R. melanosterna; Roman numerals indicate haplotypes. Inset: Female R. melanosterna from Cangrejo, Córdoba (Colombia).
FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree for cyt b in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree for cyt b haplotypes (1060 bp) of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, including sequences of the other eight Rhinoclemmys species. Haplotype codes correspond to Figure 3 and Appendix I (see there for GenBank accession numbers). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities> 0.95 in Bayesian analyses. Root length shortened by 75%. Note the polyphyly of R. melanosterna.
FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on the supermatrix of 2050 bp of mitochondrial DNA (partial cyt b, 12S and 16S genes) concatenated with 3620 bp of nuclear DNA (partial Rag 1, Rag 2, C-mos, R35 and ODC genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities of 1.0 in Bayesian analyses (no other branches had support values equal to or greater than 0.95; for further explanation see text). Root length shortened by 80%. Note the weak support for the monophyly of R. melanosterna and most other clades.
FIGURE 2 in First record of albinism in the Crowned River Turtle, Hardella thurjii, Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Testudines, Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 2: Eye colouration in Hardella thurjii: A) Typical – yellowish brown iris, black pupil; B) Albinistic – pinkish iris, red pupil. Photographs by S. Dutta.
FIGURE 1 in First record of albinism in the Crowned River Turtle, Hardella thurjii, Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Testudines, Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 1: Typical and albinistic Crowned River Turtle (Hardella thurjii): A) Typical male with normal dark brown colouration with yellow stripes on head and margins of costal and marginal scutes (Photograph by S. Singh); Albinistic male, dorsal view (B), ventral view (C) (Photographs by S. Dutta).
Taxonomic revision of Chinemys pani (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the Pleistocene of Taiwan and its implications of conservation paleobiology
<p>Proper taxonomic identification is critical to our understanding of biodiversity and the underlying evolutionary history. Here we re-examine the cast of the holotype of <em>Chinemys pani</em>, a geoemydid turtle from the Pleistocene of Taiwan; the actual specimen was not curated appropriately after the original publication and was most likely lost. Our results provide substantial evidence to show that <em>Chinemys pani</em>should be identified as <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>. The replica, though not ideal, preserves various morphological features that allow reliable taxonomic identification to <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>, including the presence of three longitudinal keels on the carapace, the second to sixth neural bones anteriorly short-sided, the lack of movable plastral hinge. In addition, we also confirm that the original diagnostic features that established the new taxon: <em>Chinemys pani</em>– are polymorphic characters of <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>. Our taxonomic revision of a Pleistocene geoemydid turtle from Taiwan resolves the debate on whether <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>should be a native turtle in Taiwan instead of an introduced invasive species. More importantly, this study offers new insights into the origin of modern biodiversity in Taiwan and gives a straightforward example of how fossils can be applied to conservation policies.Proper taxonomic identification is critical to our understanding of biodiversity and the underlying evolutionary history. Here we re-examine the cast of the holotype of <em>Chinemys pani</em>, a geoemydid turtle from the Pleistocene of Taiwan; the actual specimen was not curated appropriately after the original publication and was most likely lost. Our results provide substantial evidence to show that <em>Chinemys pani</em>should be identified as <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>. The replica, though not ideal, preserves various morphological features that allow reliable taxonomic identification to <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>, including the presence of three longitudinal keels on the carapace, the second to sixth neural bones anteriorly short-sided, the lack of movable plastral hinge. In addition, we also confirm that the original diagnostic features that established the new taxon: <em>Chinemys pani</em>– are polymorphic characters of <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>. Our taxonomic revision of a Pleistocene geoemydid turtle from Taiwan resolves the debate on whether <em>Mauremys reevesii</em>should be a native turtle in Taiwan instead of an introduced invasive species. More importantly, this study offers new insights into the origin of modern biodiversity in Taiwan and gives a straightforward example of how fossils can be applied to conservation policies.</p>
FIGURE4 in Serpinema cayennensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae), a parasite of the freshwater turtle Rhinoclemmys punctularia Daudin (Reptilia: Testudines: Geoemydidae) from French Guiana: morphology and phylogenetic relationships with other turtle-parasitising camallanids
FIGURE4. Phylogenetic tree of Serpinema cayennensis n. sp. and four species of Camallanus based on Bayesian Inference analysis of partial 18S rDNA sequences.
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