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121 results for “Global climate change”
Dataset: Global range dynamics of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) from the Last Glacial Maxima to climate change scenarios
<p>This dataset consists of Bearded Vulture <em>Gypaetus barbatus </em>occurrence points which were used to develop a distribution model to study its suitable habitat of this species. Using these data, we modelled the current distribution of Bearded Vulture throughout its entire range and projected the Last Glacial Maxima (LGM), Mid-Holocene (MH) and future distribution under 2070s climate change scenarios. We compiled these data from the entire distribution range in Asia, Europe and Africa using different sources: freely accessible online resources including, eBird and GBIF repositories, published reports and grey literature and occurrence data collected by the authors in the field, mostly in Nepal.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset for paper "Solutions to global agricultural green water scarcity under climate change"
<p>These are datasets used to generate figures of paper "Solutions to global agricultural green water scarcity under climate change".</p> <p>(1) fig1_GWS_Baseline, fig1_GWS_1.5C and fig1_GWS_1.5C are NetCDF files reporting agricultural green water scarcity (GWS) under Baseline climate conditions (1996-2005 period), 1.5°C and 3°C warmer climates, respectively. </p> <p>(2) fig2_num_of_month_Baseline, fig2_num_of_month_1.5C and fig2_num_of_month_3C are NetCDF files reporting the number of months that each grid cell faces GWS (with threshold 0.2) under Baseline climate conditions (1996-2005 period), 1.5°C and 3°C warming climates, respectively. fig2_data_Baseline, fig2_data_1.5C and fig2_data_3C are csv files reporting the countries with the highest exposure to GWS and number of months under Baseline, 1.5 °C and 3 °C warmer climates, respectively. </p> <p>(3) fig3_data_01, fig3_data_02 and fig3_data_03 are csv files reporting the area of rain-fed croplands facing agricultural GWS in each month under GWS thresholds 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3, respectively. </p> <p>(4) fig4_data is the csv file reporting the number of people impacted by crop production loss induced by GWS under Baseline, 1.5 °C and 3 °C warmer climates with GWS thresholds of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3.</p> <p>(5) fig5_Baseline, fig5_1.5C and fig5_3C are csv files reporting the reduction of area facing GWS and increased people fed due to green water management solutions with different evapotranspiration reduction and infiltration increase levels, under Baseline, 1.5 °C and 3 °C warmer climates, respectively.</p> <p>(6) fig6_data_area and fig6_data_population are csv files reporting reduced rain-fed croplands facing GWS and additional people fed from decreased GWS, respectively, with evapotranspiration reduction and infiltration increase levels as 0.2.</p> <p>(7) irrigation_fraction is the NetCDF file reporting the percent of irrigated cropland in each grid cell. We use it as a mask to exclude croplands with larger than 5% irrigation. It is calculated based on "Mehta, P. <em>et al.</em> Majority of 21st century global irrigation expansion has been in water stressed regions. (2022)."</p>
Figure 3 in How can global climate change influence the geographic distribution of the eucalyptus yellow beetle? Modeling and prediction for Brazil
Figure 3. Predicting of potential areas to the occurrence of Costalimaita ferruginea in the period of 2061-2080, in two climate change scenarios, Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 e 8.5 (W/m2), using the algorithm Envelope Score (AUC = 0.808). The numbers 1 to 5 represent the Brazilian biomes, being 1 = Amazônia, 2 = Caatinga, 3 = Cerrado, 4 = Pantanal, 5 = Mata Atlântica e 6 = Pampa.
Figure 2 in How can global climate change influence the geographic distribution of the eucalyptus yellow beetle? Modeling and prediction for Brazil
Figure 2. Predicting of potential areas to the occurrence of Costalimaita ferruginea in the period of 2041-2060, in two climate change scenarios, Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 e 8.5 (W/m2), using the algorithm Envelope Score (AUC = 0.808). The numbers 1 to 5 represent the Brazilian biomes, being 1 = Amazônia, 2 = Caatinga, 3 = Cerrado, 4 = Pantanal, 5 = Mata Atlântica e 6 = Pampa.
Climate change exposure and vulnerability of the global protected area estate from an international perspective
<p>Aim: Protected areas are essential to conserve biodiversity and ecosystem benefits to society under increasing human pressures of the Anthropocene. Anthropogenic climate change, however, threatens the enduring effectiveness of protected areas in conserving biodiversity and providing ecosystem services, because it modifies and redistributes biodiversity with unknown consequences for ecosystem functioning within protected areas. Here we assess (1) the climate change exposure of the global terrestrial protected area estate and (2) the climate change vulnerability of national protected area estates.</p> <p>Location: Terrestrial protected areas worldwide.</p> <p>Methods: We calculated local climate change exposure as predicted climate anomalies between the present and 2070 using ten global climate models, two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and the finest spatial resolution available for global climate projections (approx. 1 km). We estimated the climate change vulnerability of national protected area estates by analysing countrywide relationships between protected areas' climate anomalies and other protected area characteristics, i.e. area, elevation, terrain ruggedness, human footprint and irreplaceability for globally threatened species.</p> <p>Results: We found predicted climate anomalies highest in protected areas of (sub-)tropical countries. The correlations between climate anomalies and protected area characteristics strongly differ between countries. Globally, protected areas showing large climate anomalies tend to be at high elevation and highly irreplaceable for threatened species, increasing climate change vulnerability. These protected areas are relatively large in area, of high topographic heterogeneity and less pressured by humans, decreasing climate change vulnerability.</p> <p>Main conclusion: This study reveals potential hotspots of climate change impact inside the terrestrial protected area estate. It thus supports and guides climate-smart conservation policy and management, particularly national to local authorities, to ensure the future effectiveness of protected areas in preserving biodiversity and ecosystem benefits under climate change.</p>
Global diversity patterns of larger benthic foraminifera under future climate change
<p><span>Global warming threatens the viability of tropical coral reefs and associated marine calcifiers, including symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera (LBF). The impacts of current climate change on LBF are debated because they were particularly diverse and abundant during past warm periods. Studies on the responses of selected LBF species to changing environmental conditions reveal varying results. </span><span>Based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on LBF species occurrences, we applied species distribution modeling using Maxent to estimate present-day and future species richness patterns on a global scale for the time periods 2040–2050 and 2090–2100. </span><span> </span><span>For our future projections, we focus on Representative Concentration Pathway 6.0 from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which projects mean surface temperature changes of +2.2°C by the year 2100. This data set comprises all raw data and results. </span>Our results suggest that species richness in the Central Indo-Pacific is two to three times higher than in the Bahamian ecoregion, which we have identified as the present-day center of LBF diversity in the Atlantic. Our future predictions project a dramatic temperature-driven decline in low-latitude species richness and an increasing widening bimodal latitudinal pattern of species diversity. While the central Indo-Pacific, now the stronghold of LBF diversity, is expected to be most pushed outside of the currently realized niches of most species, refugia may be largely preserved in the Atlantic. LBF species will face large-scale non-analogous climatic conditions compared to currently realized climate space in the near future, as reflected in the extensive areas of extrapolation, particularly in the Indo-Pacific. Our study supports hypotheses that species richness and biogeographical patterns of LBF will fundamentally change under future climate conditions, possibly initiating a faunal turnover by the late 21st century.</p>
High trophic level feedbacks on global ocean carbon uptake and marine ecosystem dynamics under climate change (Dupont et al., GBC)
<p>Files used to make the analysis in the paper "High trophic level feedbacks on global ocean carbon uptake and marine ecosystem dynamics under climate change" (Dupont et al., accepted in GBC)</p> <p>- HTL_LTL_figures.ipynb is the python notebook in which are computed the different terms to make the figures of the paper </p> <p>- histrcp85.1-PISAPE-N-OW** and piCtrl2-PISAPE-N-OW** files contain the raw outputs of the one way (OW) simulation</p> <p>- histrcp85.1-PISAPE-N-TW* and piCtrl2-PISAPE-N-TW* files contain the raw outputs of the two way (TW) simulation</p> <p>- all files ending with *rmp_f.nc/ *regrid.nc/ *f20.nc are regridded files to make maps used in the paper. More details can be found in the python noteboook (briefly, dAT_* = change in active export, dDIC_*= change in dissolved inorganic carbon, dEPC200_* = change in carbon export at 200m depth, OW/TW_<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/cc2ae8cc-a150-4bc6-9125-04d9e3465859/TW_dBMapermp_f.nc">dBMape</a>* = OW/TW change in small high trophic levels biomass, OW/<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/cc2ae8cc-a150-4bc6-9125-04d9e3465859/TW_dBMapermp_f.nc">TW_dBM</a>meszo* = OW/TW change in mesozooplankton biomass)</p> <p>- <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/cc2ae8cc-a150-4bc6-9125-04d9e3465859/egestt2_2.nc">egestt2_2.nc</a>, excrett2_2.nc and graztt2_2.nc are the outputs of egestion, excretion and grazing terms used to compute the active export (AT). </p>
Data from: Potential effects of future climate change on global reptile distributions and diversity
<p class="first-paragraph"><span><strong>Aim:</strong></span><span> Until recently, complete information on global reptile distributions has not been widely available. Here, we provide the first comprehensive climate impact assessment for reptiles on a global scale.</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Location:</strong></span><span> Global, excluding Antarctica</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Time period:</strong></span><span> 1995, 2050, 2080</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Major taxa studied:</strong></span><span> Reptiles</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Methods:</strong></span><span> We modelled the distribution of 6,296 reptile species and assessed potential global as well as realm-specific changes in species richness, the change in global species richness across climate space, and species-specific changes in range extent, overlap and position under future climate change. To assess the future climatic impact on 3,768 range-restricted species, which could not be modelled, we compared the future change in climatic conditions between both modelled and non-modelled species.</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Results:</strong></span><span> Reptile richness was projected to decline significantly over time, globally but also for most zoogeographic realms, with the greatest decrease in Brazil, Australia and South Africa. Species richness was highest in warm and moist regions, with these regions being projected to shift further towards climate extremes in the future. Range extents were projected to decline considerably in the future, with a low overlap between current and future ranges. Shifts in range centroids differed among realms and taxa, with a dominating global poleward shift. Non-modelled species were significantly stronger affected by projected climatic changes than modelled species.</span></p> <p class="western"><span><strong>Main conclusions:</strong></span><span> With ongoing future climate change, reptile richness is likely to decrease significantly across most parts of the world. This effect as well as considerable impacts on species' range extent, overlap, and position were visible across lizards, snakes and turtles alike. Together with other anthropogenic impacts, such as habitat loss and harvesting of species, this is a cause for concern. Given the historical lack of global reptile distributions, this calls for a re-assessment of global reptile conservation efforts, with a specific focus on anticipated future climate change.</span></p>
Data from: Climate change alters global invasion vulnerability among ecoregions
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: We assess climate similarity among global freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions under historical and future climate scenarios to determine where climate change will impact the climate filter of invasion process.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Global.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We used the Climatch algorithm to conduct a climate-match analysis to quantify the climate similarity between freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions of the world. Climate match was modelled between all freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions. The analysis was conducted under historical climates and projected climates of 2090 under three shared-socioeconomic pathways SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5. Climate matches of each ecoregion were presented as mean climate match to all other ecoregions. Friedman's non-parametric rank sum two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine differences in climate match between climate scenarios. </p>
Data from: Climate change alters global invasion vulnerability among ecoregions
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Climate change exposure and vulnerability of the global protected area estate from an international perspective
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Date From: The myriad of complex demographic responses of terrestrial mammals to climate change and gaps of knowledge: A global analysis
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Global diversity patterns of larger benthic foraminifera under future climate change
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Data from: Potential effects of future climate change on global reptile distributions and diversity
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Data from: Multiomics inform invasion risks under global climate change
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Invasive rodent responses to experimental and natural hurricanes with implications for global climate change
Find these data here: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r7sqv9sfz Hurricanes cause dramatic changes to forests by opening the canopy and depositing debris onto the forest floor. How invasive rodent populations respond to hurricanes is not well understood, but shifts in rodent abundance and foraging may result from scarce fruit and seed resources that follow hurricanes. We conducted studies in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico to better understand how experimental (Canopy Trimming Experiment) and natural (Hurricane Maria) hurricane effects alter populations of invasive rodents (Rattus rattus [rats] and Mus musculus [mice]) and their foraging behaviors. To monitor rodent populations, we used tracking tunnels (inked and baited cards inside tunnels enabling identification of animal visitors’ footprints) within experimental hurricane plots (arborist trimmed in 2014) and reference plots (closed canopy forest). To assess shifts in rodent foraging, we compared seed removal of two tree species (Guarea guidonia and Prestoea acuminata) between vertebrate-excluded and free-access treatments in the same experimental and reference plots, and did so 3 months before and 9 months after Hurricane Maria (2017). Trail cameras were used to identify animals responsible for seed removal. Rat incidences generated from tracking tunnel surveys indicated that rat populations were not significantly affected by experimental or natural hurricanes. Before Hurricane Maria there were no mice in the forest interior, yet mice were present in forest plots closest to the road after the hurricane, and their forest invasion coincided with increased grass cover resulting from open forest canopy. Seed removal of Guarea and Prestoea across all plots was rat dominated (75%-100% rat-removed) and was significantly less after than before Hurricane Maria. However, following Hurricane Maria, the experimental hurricane treatment plots of 2014 had 3.6 times greater seed removal by invasive rats than did the referenc
Data from: Solute Production and Transport Processes in Chinese Monsoonal Rivers: Implications for Global Climate Change
<p>Concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationships provide new insights into solute production processes. Temporal sampling and analyses are needed to investigate the chemical weathering behaviors and reduce the estimation errors of fluxes. But few studies have been done in Asian monsoonal rivers, which play an important role in global carbon cycle. We analyzed the dissolved solutes of Three largest rivers in China. Datong and Qingxi in Changjiang River were selected to represent the midterm and outlet of the Changjiang River. Lijin was selected as the outlet of the Yellow River. We analyzed the major ions, which can represent the chemical weathering index. Our study may help deepen the understanding of chemical weathering and solutes fluxes.</p>
Can we predict global patterns of long-term climate change from short-term simulations?
<p>Post-processed data from "Can we predict global patterns of long-term climate change from short-term simulations?". Also includes python dictionary for translating file code into the name of the run. For use with code publicly available on github.com/lm2612/Ridge_3 and github.com/lm2612/GPRegression.</p>
Supporting Data for "Climate Sensitivity and Relative Humidity Changes in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change"
<p>Code and netcdf files of processed X-SHiELD and CMIP6 simulations to reproduce the figures of Timothy M. Merlis, Kai-Yuan Cheng, Ilai Guendelman, Lucas Harris, Christopher S. Bretherton, Maximilien Bolot, Linjiong Zhou, Alex Kaltenbaugh, Spencer K. Clark, Gabriel A. Vecchi, and Stephan Fueglistaler (2024): "Climate Sensitivity and Relative Humidity Changes in Global Storm-Resolving Model Simulations of Climate Change".</p>
Data from: Climate change is predicted to impact the global distribution and richness of pines (genus Pinus) by 2070
<p>Aim: Climate change is altering habitat suitability for many organisms and modifying species ranges at a global scale. Here we explored the impact of climate change on 112 pine species (<em>Pinus</em>), fundamental elements of Northern terrestrial ecosystems.</p> <p>Location: Global.</p> <p>Methods: We applied a novel methodology for species distribution modelling that considers uncertainty in climatic projections and taxon sampling, and incorporates elements of species' recent evolutionary history. We based our niche calculations on climate and soil data and computed projections across multiple algorithms and IPCC scenarios, which were ensembled into one single suitability map. We then used phylogenetic methods to account for recent evolution in climatic requirements by estimating the evolution of climatic niche. Edaphoclimatic and evolutionary analyses were then combined to calibrate the projections in areas showing high uncertainty. We validated our models using naturalized occurrences of invasive pine species.</p> <p>Results: Our models predicted that by 2070 most pine species (58%) might face important reductions of habitat suitability, potentially leading to range losses and a decrease in species richness, particularly in some regions such as the Mediterranean Basin and South North America, albeit migration might mitigate these shifts in some cases. In contrast, our projections showed increased habitat suitability for approx. 20% of species, which may undergo range expansions under climate change. Moreover, the consideration of recent evolutionary trends modified projected scenarios, decreasing range loss and increasing range expansion for some species. The independent validation endorsed our models for many species and the influence of recent evolution in some cases.</p> <p>Conclusions: We predict that climate change will impose drastic changes in pine distribution and diversity across biogeographical regions, but the magnitude and direction of change will vary significantly across regions and taxa. Species-level responses are likely to be influenced by regional conditions and the recent evolutionary history of each taxon.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.