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2,586 results for “Gradients”
Data from "Evaluating top-down, bottom-up, and environmental drivers of pelagic food web dynamics along an estuarine gradient"
Synthesized fish, benthic invertebrate, and water quality dataset used for analysis in: Rogers, T., S. Bashevkin, C. Burdi, D. Colombano, P. Dudley, B. Mahardja, L. Mitchell, S. Perry, and P. Saffarinia. 2022. Evaluating top-down, bottom-up, and environmental drivers of pelagic food web dynamics along an estuarine gradient. preprint, EcoEvoRxiv. https://doi.org/10.32942/X2MK5Z
Data from Sand aggradation alters biofilm standing crop and metabolism in a low-gradient Lake Superior tributary
We conducted a comparative study of biofilm standing crop and metabolism in the Salmon Trout River, a tributary of Lake Superior where watershed disturbances have led to 3-fold increases in streambed fine sediments, predominately sand, in the past decade. We compared biofilm standing crop and metabolism rates using light–dark chambers in reaches where substrate consisted of predominately exposed rock or sand substrates. This data archive includes rates of primary production and respiration, biomass measurements from chambers, and benthic standing crop and water chemistry data collected from the same river sites over the course of a summer. All data were published in Journal of Great Lakes research in 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.004
Tree cores from three species along a natural nitrogen mineralization gradients in Michigan Lower Peninsula
Mycorrhizal fungi are understood to exhibit mutualistic relationships with trees. This study assessed this relationship via the growth of individual trees associated with different mycorrhizal communities along a gradient of N availability.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Soil moisture and temperature along an urban to rural gradient, 2011 - present
Soil temperature and soil moisture have been measured at multiple locations in and around Baltimore Maryland to provide data on these variables in forests and lawns across an urban to rural gradient. In July 2011, we installed one Decagon Em50 Datalogger with five 5TM VWC/Temperature probes at four established forested, upslope, 20 x 20-m plots, two rural (ORU1, ORU2) and two urban (LEA1, LEA2), at 2 forested riparian sites at two transects along a stream (ORUR, ORLR), and two lawn plots on the campus of the University of Maryland Baltimore County campus (UMBC1, UMBC 2). Probes were buried horizontally at 10cm depth (except UMBC1 and UMBC2 where the five probes are mounted horizontally at a single location at depths of 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 cm depth). At the upslope forested plots, the five probes are replicates. At the two riparian sites, probes are deployed in either "hummocks (drier, higher)" or in "hollows (lower, wetter)". Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at hourly intervals on these plots beginning in July 2011. In March 2017, an additional data logger was installed at Hillsdale Park (HD1) in a forested urban area. The five probes at HD1 were buried horizontally at 10cm depth and are replicates. Earlier soil moisture data were collected monthly (1999-2011), and can be found in https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-bes&identifier=417
Soil carbon stabilization along productivity gradients in interior Alaska: Summer 2003
Boreal forests in a warmer future climate are likely to exhibit altered productivity levels, tightened fire return intervals, and increased decomposition rates to varying degrees across the landscape. This research focuses on mechanisms of soil C stabilization in P. mariana systems along gradients in stand productivity. Charred material in the soil will be quantified to understand the lasting effect of fire on the stabilization of soil C. The interaction between temperature and productivity in relation to the stabilization of soil C will be investigated by monitoring climate and soil temperatures along the productivity gradients and through laboratory incubations of soil. Research questions are addressed in three main areas of inquiry: 1) how the interaction between stand production and landscape position effect the stabilization of C throughout the soil profile, 2) how the contribution of burn residues to total C accumulation varies across the landscape, and 3) the relationship between aboveground productivity and burn residues across the landscape. The overall goal is to apply an understanding of the biophysical controls on C storage in the boreal forest to the landscape level.
Soil profiles along productivity gradients in interior Alaska: Summer 2003
Boreal forests in a warmer future climate are likely to exhibit altered productivity levels, tightened fire return intervals, and increased decomposition rates to varying degrees across the landscape. This research focuses on mechanisms of soil C stabilization in P. mariana systems along gradients in stand productivity. Charred material in the soil will be quantified to understand the lasting effect of fire on the stabilization of soil C. The interaction between temperature and productivity in relation to the stabilization of soil C will be investigated by monitoring climate and soil temperatures along the productivity gradients and through laboratory incubations of soil. Research questions are addressed in three main areas of inquiry: 1) how the interaction between stand production and landscape position effect the stabilization of C throughout the soil profile, 2) how the contribution of burn residues to total C accumulation varies across the landscape, and 3) the relationship between aboveground productivity and burn residues across the landscape. The overall goal is to apply an understanding of the biophysical controls on C storage in the boreal forest to the landscape level.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: Annual decomposition of a common substrate, 2004-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: half-hourly soil temperature 2004-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes soil temperature at multiple depths in the profile at different locations within gradient of sites described.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: Seasonal thaw depth 2004-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: Seasonal water table depth from 2004-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: NDVI 2013-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was measured using a specialized Tetracam camera at individual plots throughout the 2013-present growing seasons, weather permitting. Wet, rainy, or particularly clouds days were avoided.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient: half-hourly soil moisture 2010-2024
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes soil moisture intergrate over a 20cm soil profile at different locations within gradient of sites described.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR), Gradient, and Watershed: Dissolved Organic Carbon 2007-2022
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes weekly thaw depth measurements collected from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR. Additional measurements from on-plot gas flux wells, water table monitoring wells, and off-plot locations are also reported. Note that the experimental warming portion of this experiment concluded in 2022. These data are a continuation of measurements taken at previously warmed plots but plots were not actively manipulated after 2022. At the Gradient Thaw Site, in this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area
Measurements of Coarse Woody Debris %C and %N at the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrological Laboratory, Otto, NC.
Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a critical role in nutrient retention and cycling, including the cycling and retention of carbon and nitrogen. However, comparison studies of CWD in different forest types and elevation gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains are lacking. We measured CWD in five different forest communities/elevations at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab. A subsample of CWD in each plot was measured for percent C and percent N, as well as for cations.
Coarse Woody Debris Cations Measurements at the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrological Laboratory, Otto, NC.
Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a critical role in nutrient retention and cycling, including the cycling and retention of carbon and nitrogen. However, comparison studies of CWD in different forest types and elevation gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains are lacking. We measured CWD in five different forest communities/elevations at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab. A subsample of CWD in each plot was measured for percent C and percent N, as well as for cations.
Snow depth, soil frost depth and snow water content along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.
Snow depth, soil frost depth and snow water content have been measured at several locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF). In October 2010, as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html), we established 6 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) following an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots facing north and twelve facing south. Snow and frost depth, and snow water equivalent sampling started in December 2010. Measurements on the extensive plots ended at the conclusion of snow coverage in spring, 2012. Measurements at the 6 intensive plots are ongoing and measurement frequency was increased from approximately bimonthly to approximately weekly beginning in the 2019-2020 snow cover season. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Soil moisture along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 2010 - ongoing
Soil temperature and soil moisture have been measured at multiple locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html). In October 2010, we established 6, 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) along an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots on north-facing slopes and twelve on south-facing slopes. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at hourly intervals on these plots beginning in November 2010. Six locations were discontinued in September 2012 (E04, E05, E06, E11-B, E13, and E14). Previous versions of this dataset included both temperature and moisture. These data are now available as moisture(this dataset) and temperature (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=315]. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Soil temperature along an elevation gradient at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 2010 - ongoing
Soil temperature and soil moisture have been measured at multiple locations at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), as part of a study of the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing and nutrient cycling (http://www.ecostudies.org/people_sci_groffman_snow_summary.html). In October 2010, we established 6, 20 x 20-m plots (intensive plots) and 14 10 x 10-m plots (extensive plots) along an elevation gradient, with eight of the plots on north-facing slopes and twelve on south-facing slopes. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured at hourly intervals on these plots beginning in November 2010. Six locations were discontinued in September 2012 (E04, E05, E06, E11-B, E13, and E14). Previous versions of this dataset included both temperature and moisture. These data are now available as temperature (this dataset) and moisture (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=137). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Resource Gradient Experiment at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (1999 to 2019)
Dataset Abstract This study provides a gradient of 9 different rates of nitrogen fertilization under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Irrigation began in 2003. Corn was grown from 2000-2005 and subsequently the crop rotation (wheat, corn, soybean) followed the crop of the LTER main site. Nitrogen applications differ by crop after 2007. The experiment was moved to its current location on the LTER main site in 2005. The experiment location/history are explained here. Plots are 5×30 m arranged in each of 4 replicate blocks . Crop yields, nitrous oxide and soil temperature, moisture and nitrogen data are available for this study. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/36
PTN01 Aboveground net primary productivity along transects spanning topographic gradients on an annually burned and unburned watershed at Konza Prairie
In 1989, single transects spanning upland-lowland-upland topographic positions were established in a long-term unburned (0020B) and an annually burned (001D) watershed. Standing crop biomass data were collected in late season at 11 sites along each transect and sorted into live graminoids, forbs and woody plants, current year's dead, and previous years dead vegetation. Four 0.1 m2 quadrats were harvested at each of the 11 sites per watershed and all data except previous years' dead were combined to provide an estimate of aboveground NPP. In 1993, soil moisture measurements began along each transect at 15 and 30 cm depths (where possible) with a Time Domain Reflectomerty (TDR) system. Measurements were made twice a month from March - October and intermittently during the winter months.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.