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83 results for “Green plants”
Vegetation cover and plant diversity on cold climate green roofs
<p>Both vegetation abundances and community compositions play important roles for the functions of green roofs (e.g. stormwater retention, habitat provision, aesthetic appearance). However, green roof vegetation can change significantly over time, which may consequently affect the functions related to them. This study investigated vascular plant covers and species compositions on 41 roof sections located in Sweden's subarctic and continental climate zones. For the roof sections with a known originally intended vascular plant composition (n=32), on average 24±9% of the intended species were present in surveys while unintended species made up 69±3% of the the species found. The Intended species dominated plant cover (93±3%) and <i>Sedum acre </i>(58±36% cover) was the most commonly found species. As revealed in previous studies, substrate depth had a positive relationship with plant cover and species richness. The vascular plant cover of the roofs in this study was not related to species richness as hypothesized but instead had a significant negative correlation with moss cover. The results in this study emphasize the importance of substrate depth for both plant abundance and species diversity, and that even in a cold climate, colonising unintended species can have a great contribution to the species richness of green roofs. However, since most colonising species formed sparse cover on the roofs, their potential benefit to green roof functions that benefit from a dense vegetation cover (e.g. stormwater management and thermal performance) could be limited while the intended vegetation performs these functions more effectively.</p>
Effect of green infrastructure on restoration of pollination networks and plant performance in semi-natural dry grasslands across Europe
<p>Agricultural intensification, afforestation and land abandonment are major drivers of biodiversity loss in semi-natural grasslands across Europe. Reversing these losses requires the reinstatement of plant-animal interactions such as pollination. Here we assessed the differences in species composition and patterns of plant-pollinator interactions in ancient and restored grasslands and how these patterns are influenced by landscape connectivity, across three European regions (Belgium, Germany and Sweden). We evaluated the differences in pollinator community assemblage, abundance, and interaction network structure between 24 ancient and restored grasslands. We then assessed the effect of surrounding landscape functional connectivity (i.e. green infrastructure, GI) on these variables and tested possible consequences on the reproduction of two model plants, Lotus corniculatus and Salvia pratensis. Neither pollinator richness nor species composition differed between ancient and restored grasslands. A high turnover of interactions across grasslands was detected but was mainly due to replacement of pollinator and plant species. The impact of grassland restoration was consistent across various pollinator functional groups, whereas the surrounding GI had differential effects. Notably, bees, butterflies, beetles, and dipterans (excluding hoverflies) exhibited the most significant responses to GI variations. Interestingly, networks in restored grasslands were more specialised (i.e. less functionally redundant) than in ancient ones and also showed a higher number of insect visits to habitat-generalist plant species. Landscape connectivity had a similar effect, with habitat-specialist plant species receiving fewer visits at higher GI values. Fruit set in S. pratensis and L. corniculatus was unaffected by grassland type or GI. However, the fruit set in the specialist S. pratensis increased with the number of pollinator visits, indicating a positive correlation between pollinator activity and reproductive success in this particular species. Synthesis and applications. Our findings provide evidence of the necessity to enhance ecosystem functions while avoiding biotic homogenization. Restoration programs should aim at increasing landscape connectivity which influences plant communities, pollinator assemblages, and their interaction patterns. To avoid generalist species taking over from specialists in restored grasslands, we suggest reinforcing the presence of specialist species in the latter, for instance by means of introductions, as well as increasing the connectivity to source populations.</p>
Data from: neglected puzzle pieces of urban green infrastructure: richness, cover, and composition of insect-pollinated plants in traffic-related green spaces
<p>Insect-pollinated vascular plants in spontaneous vegetation provide essential ecosystem services and benefit wildlife. However, floral communities associated with traffic-related green spaces are rarely considered valuable elements of urban green infrastructure (UGI). The dataset contains information on species-based floral communities of vascular insect-pollinated plants in traffic-related green spaces in three highly populated Finnish cities. Those are Helsinki (665 558 inhabitants), Tampere (244 029 inhabitants), and Turku (175 645 inhabitants). Data were collected during the mean flowering phenophase of vascular plants in July-August 2022 from two types of locations: (i) urban (city centers) and (ii) suburban (city outskirts), and from three types of traffic-related green spaces: (i) traffic islands, (ii) parking lots, (iii) road verges. The dataset contains information for the 93 vascular insect-pollinated plant species flowering during the survey. Sampling campaign was conducted in 90 sampling sites, and the dataset contains information on the location coordinates. In addition, the dataset possesses information on the amount of garbage pieces (cigarette filters, plastic boxes, or scraps) revealed for each sampling point in traffic-related green spaces.</p>
Chromosome Numbers and Reproductive Life Cycles in Green Plants: A phylo-transcriptomic perspective
<p>The supplemental dataset for "Chromosome Numbers and Reproductive Life Cycles in Green Plants: A phylo-transcriptomic perspective."</p>
GIbase 1.0 Green Infrastructure plant species in England and Scotland
<p class="Body">1. The contributions of constructed Green Infrastructure (GI) to biodiversity are often used to justify urban development projects, yet in many cases these contributions have been difficult to quantify. </p> <p class="Body">2. As a result, a wide range of GI features are designed and implemented, often without knowledge of whether these features contribute meaningfully to biodiversity or if there are biosecurity risks presented by their design or procurement. Our understanding of design practices could be significantly improved if researchers and policy makers were able to draw upon a data resource that recorded the specifications used in development projects and facilitated easy access to them. </p> <p class="Body">3. In the UK, Planning Portals act as substantial and untapped repositories of grey literature, containing highly detailed data with a diverse spatial coverage, recording the diversity and extent of existing habitats and specifications for proposed species assemblages. However, they are difficult to navigate or query, making it challenging to use these resources to gain macro-level insights from the data held within the portals. </p> <p class="Body">4. In this paper, we present Plant GI 1.0, a new dataset that incorporates plant specifications from development projects across England and Scotland along with trait data associated with each species.</p> <p class="Body">5. To test whether these data could be used to inform policy makers and researchers about current procurement and planting practices, we assessed the proposed GI features that are submitted by developers to Local Planning Authorities as part of the planning process, and then carried out fieldwork to record the extent to which these specifications were delivered. </p>
Data from: Partial mycoheterotrophy in green plants forming Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza requires a thorough investigation
<p>Recently, many green plants forming <em>Paris</em>-type arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) have been suggested to receive fungal carbon (Giesemann <em>et al.</em> 2020b, 2021). Whereas the enrichment of natural abundance of heavy stable isotopes (particularly <sup>13</sup>C) has been considered as strong evidence for this 'partial mycoheterotrophy,' we show our own data on isotopic abundances and mycorrhizal colonization in Japanese plants and argue that the <sup>13</sup>C-enrichment may not always be the result of acquiring carbon from AM fungi.</p>
Percentage distribution of plant-fixed carbon in orchid shoots and roots, protocorms, and mycorrhizal fungal mycelium and amount (total and concentration) of carbon transferred to protocorms and mycorrhizal fungal mycelium by green orchids in each experimental microcosm
<p> The minute 'dust seeds' of some terrestrial orchids preferentially germinate and develop as mycoheterotrophic protocorms near conspecific adult plants. In this paper we tested the hypothesis that mycorrhizal mycelial connections provide a direct pathway for transfer of recent photosynthate from conspecific green orchids to achlorophyllous protocorms. Mycelial networks of <em>Ceratobasidium cornigerum </em>connecting green <em>Dactylorhiza fuchsii</em> plants with developing achlorophyllous protocorms of the same species were established on oatmeal or water agar before the shoots of green plants were exposed to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>. After incubation for 48 hours, the pattern of distribution of fixed carbon was visualised in intact entire autotrophic/protocorm systems using digital autoradiography and quantified in protocorms by liquid scintillation counting. The data presented here represent the percentage distribution of the <sup>14</sup>C fixed by the orchids in our experimental systems to plant shoots, roots, protocorms and the mycorrhizal mycelium. We also show the total amount of <sup>14</sup>C present in plant shoots and protocorms when grown in each of the three media tested (100% water agar, 100% oatmeal agar, and 50:50 water: oatmeal agar). We also show the amount of carbon (total and concentration) transferred from green orchids to protocorms and mycorrhizal mycelium in each microcosm across the three media treatments.</p>
Figure 1 in The determination some biological parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on vegetable plants
Figure 1. Survival ratio and life table parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis on Tomato (Hazera).
Figure 2 in The determination some biological parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on vegetable plants
Figure 2. Survival ratio and life table parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis on Tomato (Torry).
Figure 4 in The determination some biological parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on vegetable plants
Figure 4. Survival ratio and life table parameters of Phenacoccus madeirensis on Eggplant (Anamur).
Phytophthora in horticultural nursery green waste - a risk to plant health
<p>This dataset on Zenodo accompanies the manuscript Schiffer-Forsyth <em>et al.</em> (2023), Phytophthora in horticultural nursery green waste – a risk to plant health.</p> <p>There are two files:</p> <ul> <li>metadata.tsv - plain text table as tab-separated variables</li> <li>raw_data.tar.gz - compressed archive of 81 paired raw FASTQ files</li> </ul> <p>This represents a complete Illumina MiSeq run, with the names of the unrelated samples redacted.</p> <p>To repeat the analysis described in the paper, first install THAPBI PICT. See <a href="https://github.com/peterjc/thapbi-pict/">https://github.com/peterjc/thapbi-pict/ </a>for instructions. At the time of the paper, v0.14.1 was the current release (with a near-identical v1.0.0 expected to be released shortly).</p> <p>Next, decompress the raw data into a folder of paired gzipped FASTQ files. There is no need to decompress those:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash"> $ tar -zxvf raw_data.tar.gz $ ls -1 raw_data/</code></pre> <p>If you wish, verify the checksums to confirm the data integrity:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash"> $ cd raw_data/ $ md5sum -c MD5SUM.txt $ cd ..</code></pre> <p>Setup output directories:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash"> $ mkdir -p intermediate/ summary/</code></pre> <p>You can run the analysis in one step. This should take under five minutes: </p> <pre><code class="language-bash">$ thapbi_pict pipeline -i raw_data/ \ -n raw_data/SynCtrl_*.fastq.gz \ -y raw_data/SynCtrl_*.fastq.gz \ -s intermediate/ -o summary/ \ -t metadata.tsv -x 3 -c 1,2,4,5</code></pre> <p>The options here are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>-i raw_data - input directory of paired raw FASTQ files.</li> <li>-n raw_data/SynCtrl_*.fastq.gz - negative controls used to increase the absolute abundance threshold</li> <li>-y raw_data/SynCtrl_*.fastq.gz - synthetic controls used to increase the fractional abundance threshold</li> <li>-s intermediate/ - optional location to store intermediate files</li> <li>-o summary/ - output location for reports</li> <li>-t metadata.tsv -x 3 -c 1,2,4,5 - show and sort on metadata columns 1, 2, 4 and 5 from metadata.tsv using column 3 to cross-reference the FASTQ filename stems (semi-colon separated lists for replicates).</li> </ul> <p>This assumes the following key default settings:</p> <ul> <li>-a 100 -f 0.001 - default absolute and fractional abundance thresholds</li> <li>-d - - default to the provided ITS1 database</li> </ul> <p>With these settings, only synthetic sequences were found in the controls, and therefore the thresholds were not automatically increased any further.</p> <p>Note some of these options could change in future releases of the software, and in particular there would likely be additional Phytophthora species or sequences in future updates to the default database.</p> <p>Output file summary/ITS1.samples.onebp.xlsx (and .tsv) is equivalent to Table 2 (after pooling replicates, and applying human judgement to resolve ambiguous ITS1 markers shared by multiple species).</p> <p>Note <em>P. austrocedri</em> was identified in three samples, N2-Water_S2 and N2-Water_S22 described in this work, and a third sample REDACTED_S28 from another location.</p>
Data from: Planting design influences green infrastructure performance: Plant species identity and complementarity in rain gardens
<p>Green infrastructure's capacity to mitigate urban environmental problems, like heat island effects and excessive stormwater runoff, is partially governed by its plant community. Traditionally, green infrastructure design has focused on engineered aspects, such as substrate and drainage, rather than on the properties of its living components. Since the functioning of these plant assemblages is controlled by ecophysiological processes which differ by species, the identity and relative abundance of the species used will influence green infrastructure performance. We used trait-based modeling to derive principles for the effective composition of green infrastructure plant assemblages, parameterizing our model using the vegetation and ecophysiological traits of the species within New York City rain gardens. Focusing on two plant traits that influence rain garden performance, leaf surface temperature and stomatal conductance, we simulated the cumulative temperature and transpiration for plant communities of differing species composition and diversity. The outcomes of the model demonstrate that plant species composition, species identity, selection effects, and interspecific complementarity increase green infrastructure performance much the way biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning in natural systems. More diverse assemblages resulted in more consistent transpiration and surface temperatures, with the former showing a positive, saturating curve as diversity increased. While the dominant factors governing individual species' leaf temperature were abiotic, transpiration was more influential at the community level, suggesting that plants within diverse communities may be cooler in aggregate than any individual species on its own. This implies green infrastructure should employ a variety of vegetation; particularly plants with different statures and physical attributes, such as low-growing ground covers, erect herbaceous perennials, and shrubs.</p>
Data from: Whole plant disease severity is associated with reduced polyphenolic concentrations in lesioned but not green tissue in eelgrass
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GIbase 1.0 Green Infrastructure plant species in England and Scotland
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Data from: neglected puzzle pieces of urban green infrastructure: richness, cover, and composition of insect-pollinated plants in traffic-related green spaces
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Data from: Norway and Sweden Green Roof (GF) plant data
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Data from: Shading enhances plant species richness and diversity on an extensive green roof
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Ecology and methodology of comparing traits and decomposition rates of green leaves versus senesced litter across plant species and types
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Data from: Planting design influences green infrastructure performance: Plant species identity and complementarity in rain gardens
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Vegetation cover and plant diversity on cold climate green roofs
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.