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93 results for “Historical Analysis”
FIG. 3 in Staggered-Entry Analysis of Breeding Phenology and Occupancy Dynamics of Arizona Toads from Historically Occupied Habitats of New Mexico, USA
FIG. 3. Estimated probabilities of yearly occupancy (y-axis; 6 95% CI) from the historically occupied (orange) and control (blue) sites for the (A) staggered-entry model (SE) and the (B) simple multi-season (SMS) model. Dotted error bars represent years when surveys were not conducted.
FIG. 2 in Staggered-Entry Analysis of Breeding Phenology and Occupancy Dynamics of Arizona Toads from Historically Occupied Habitats of New Mexico, USA
FIG. 2. Estimated probabilities of Arizona Toads entering sites between subsequent surveys (orange), given that they have not previously entered, based on the estimated relationship between entry and Julian date. Estimated probabilities of Arizona Toad departing sites between subsequent surveys (blue), given that they are already present, based on the estimated relationship between departure and Julian date. Yellow points show the probabilities that toads were available to be detected for each day. Julian values range from 1 March to 30 May.
FIG. 1 in Staggered-Entry Analysis of Breeding Phenology and Occupancy Dynamics of Arizona Toads from Historically Occupied Habitats of New Mexico, USA
FIG. 1. Study area in southwestern New Mexico showing historically occupied (n ¼ 86; red circles) and control (n ¼ 59; blue triangles) waterbodies sampled during the 2013–2016 and 2019 breeding seasons for the Arizona Toads (Anaxyrus microscaphus). Filled shapes represent sites where we detected toads at least once, and open shapes represent sites where we never detected toads. Basemap by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0.
Reconstructing the historical fauna of a large continental island: a multispecies reintroduction risk analysis
<p>1. Reintroduction projects, which are an important tool in threatened species conservation, are becoming more complex, often involving the translocation of multiple species. Ecological theory predicts that the sequence and timing of reintroductions will play an important role in their success or failure. Following the removal of sheep, goats and feral cats, the Western Australian government is sequentially reintroducing 13 native fauna species to restore the globally important natural and cultural values of Dirk Hartog Island.</p> <p>2. We use ensembles of ecosystem models to compare 23 alternative reintroduction strategies on Dirk Hartog Island, in Western Australia. The reintroduction strategies differ in the order, timing, and location of releases on the island. Expert elicitation informed the model structure, allowing for use of different presumed species interaction networks which explicitly incorporated uncertainty in ecosystem dynamics.</p> <p>3. Our model ensembles predict that almost all of the species (~12.5 out of 13, on average) will successfully establish in the ecosystem studied, regardless of which reintroduction strategy is undertaken. The project can therefore proceed with greater confidence and flexibility regarding the reintroduction strategy. However, the identity of the at-risk species varies between strategies, and depends on the structure of the species interaction network, which is quite uncertain. The model ensembles also offer insights into why some species fail to establish on Dirk Hartog Island, predicting that most unsuccessful reintroductions will be the result of competitive interactions with extant species.</p> <p>4. <i>Synthesis and applications:</i> Our model ensembles allow for the comparison of outcomes between reintroduction strategies and between different species interaction networks. This framework allows for inclusion of high uncertainty in dynamics. Finally, an ensemble modelling approach also creates a foundation for formal adaptive management as reintroduction projects proceed.</p>
FIGURE 51 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURE 51. Cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae. Single most parsimonious tree recovered with TNT in the equal weighting analysis, with characters and character states mapped to each branch. Black dots represent non-ambiguous synapomorphies and white dots represent non-ambiguous homoplasies, with character numbers given above the branches and state numbers for the respective characters given below the branches.
FIGURE 50 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURE 50. Cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae. Single most parsimonious tree recovered with TNT in the equal weighting analysis. Tree length = 102; CI=0.57; RI=0.71. Values above the branches indicate bootstrap (BS, left) and jackknife (JK, right) supports. Values below the branches indicate the absolute Bremer (BR, left) and relative fit difference (RFD, right) supports for each branch. * = node not recovered in bootstrap consensus tree.
FIGURES 42–49. Male terminalia. 42–44 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 42–49. Male terminalia. 42–44. Cerci and surstyli in posterior view (arrow showing dorsal region). 42. Sarconesia roraima. 43. S. chlorogaster. 44. S. magellanica. 45–47. Cercus and surstylus in lateral view. 45. S. roraima. 46. S. magellanica. 47. S. chlorogaster. 48–49. Pre- and postgonite (dotted area highlighting less sclerotized portion at apex of postgonite). 48. S. roraima. 49. S. dichroa (arrow showing seta on anterior margin of postgonite). Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: cer—cercus, sur—surstylus, prg—pregonite, pog—postgonite.
FIGURES 36–41 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 36–41. Ovipositor, ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views. 36. Calliphora nigribasis. 37. Sarconesia roraima. 38. S. dichroa. 39. N. chilensis. 40. S. chlorogaster. 41. Toxotarsus nigrocyaneus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: cer—cercus, epi—epiproct, hyp—hypoproct, st—sternite, tg—tergite.
FIGURES 31–33. Male abdominal sternites. 31. Sarconesia magellanica. 32. S. chlorogaster. 33 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 31–33. Male abdominal sternites. 31. Sarconesia magellanica. 32. S. chlorogaster. 33. Toxotarsus humeralis. Abbreviation: st—sternite.
FIGURES 27–28 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 27–28. Position of posterior region of lower calypter relative to body axis. 27. Divergent. 28. Not divergent.
FIGURES 10–18 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 10–18. Thoraces of Toxotarsinae showing position of setae on scutum and scutellum, dorsal view. 10. Sarconesia roraima. 11. S. magellanica. 12. N chilensis. 13. Sarconesia splendida. 14. S. versicolor. 15. S. dichroa. 16. S. chlorogaster. 17. Toxotarsus humeralis. 18. T. nigrocyaneus. Abbreviations: acr s—acrostichal setae, ap sctl s—apical scutellar setae, b sctl s—basal scutellar setae, dc s—dorsocentral setae, ds sctl s—discal scutellar setae, ial s—intra-alar setae, pal cal—postalar callus, pal s—postalar setae, pprn lb—postpronotal lobe, pprn s—postpronotal setae, presut sct—presutural scutum, psut sct— postsutural scutum, sctl—scutellum, spal s—supra-alar setae, trn sut—transverse suture.
FIGURES 1–6 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 1–6. Head characters of Toxotarsinae. 1–2. Parafacial setae. 1. Sarconesia chlorogaster. 2. S. magellanica. 3–4. Color of postgenal setae. 3. S. chlorogaster. 4. S. magellanica. 5–6. Apex of pedicel, highlighted by arrows. 5. Calliphora nigribasis. 6. S. chlorogaster. Abbreviations: gn—gena, pafc—parafacial setae, ped—pedicel, pgn—postgena.
FIGURES 25–26 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 25–26. Color of upper calypter rim, highlighted by arrows. 25. Pale (Sarconesia chlorogaster). 26. Dark (S. magellanica).
FIGURES 34–35. Female abdominal sternites. 34. Sarconesia roraima. 35. S in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 34–35. Female abdominal sternites. 34. Sarconesia roraima. 35. S. magellanica. Abbreviation: st—sternite.
FIGURES 7–9 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 7–9. Antennae of Toxotarsinae. 7. Sarconesia roraima. 8. S. chlorogaster. 9. Toxotarsus humeralis.
FIGURES 29–30 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 29–30. Median longitudinal stripe on abdomen. 29. Absent (Sarconesia roraima). 30. Present (S. chlorogaster); arrow showing stripe.
FIGURE 52 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURE 52. Cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae. Single most parsimonious tree recovered with TNT in the implied weighting analysis (k = 1.3281). Tree length = 104; CI=0.577; RI=0.718. Values above the branches indicate bootstrap (BS, left) and jackknife (JK, right) supports. Values below the branches indicate the absolute Bremer (BR, left) and relative fit difference (RFD, right) supports for each branch.
FIGURES 19–24 in First cladistic analysis of Toxotarsinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with insights on the evolution of the group and on the transformation series of some historically controversial characters
FIGURES 19–24. Thoracic characters of Sarconesia chlorogaster and outgroup Chrysomya megacephala. 19–20. Pruinosity of scutellum. 19. C. megacephala. 20. S. chlorogaster. 21–22. Setae on ventral surface of stem of R vein, shown by arrows. 21. Absent (C. megacephala). 22. Present (S. chlorogaster). 23–24. Disposition of setae on dorsal surface of R 4+5 vein, highlighted by arrows. 23. From stem halfway to crossvein r-m (C. megacephala). 24. Only on stem (S. chlorogaster). Abbreviations: psut sct—postsutural scutum, sctl—scutellum, R 4+5 —vein R 4+5, r-m—crossvein r-m.
Sensitivity analysis: ongoing and historical conversion therapy practices (CTPs) in Canada
<p>Sensitivity analysis: ongoing and historical conversion therapy practices (CTPs) in Canada</p>
FIGURE 32. Diversibipalium cephalolacteum. RMNH.VER.21031.a in Molecular phylogenetics facilitates the first historical biogeographic analysis of the hammerhead worms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Bipaliinae), with the description of twelve new species and two new genera
FIGURE 32. Diversibipalium cephalolacteum. RMNH.VER.21031.a (field number RS327.2). A and B. Photographs of live specimen. Scale bars not available.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.