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3,741 results for “Hormons”
Fig. 3 in Effects of nucleopolyhedrovirus infection on the development of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and expression of its 20-hydroxyecdysone- and juvenile hormone-related genes
Fig. 3. Expression analysis by qRT-PCR of the JH related genes MET, JHEH, HSP90, and JHi in Helicoverpa armigera larvae afer HaSNPV infection at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h. The blank bars represent the larvae infected with sterile water (CK). The black bars represent the larvae infected with NPV at the concentration of 107 PIB/mL (NPV infection). The data represent the mean ± SD of 3 biological replicates. Statistically significant differences from gene expression are denoted by * (0.01 <P £ 0.05) and ** (P £ 0.01) as determined by the pairwise Student's t-test analysis in SPSS 17.0 sofware.
Fig. 2 in Effects of nucleopolyhedrovirus infection on the development of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and expression of its 20-hydroxyecdysone- and juvenile hormone-related genes
Fig. 2. Expression analysis by qRT-PCR of the 20E related genes ECR, USP, E75, BR, HR3, and NFT2 in Helicoverpa armigera larvae afer HaSNPV infection at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h. The blank bars represent the larvae infected with sterile water (CK). The black bars represent the larvae infected with NPV at the concentration of 107 PIB/mL (NPV infection). The data represent the mean ± SD of 3 biological replicates. Statistically significant differences from gene expression are denoted by * (0.01 <P £ 0.05) and ** (P £ 0.01) as determined by the pairwise Student's t-test analysis in SPSS 17.0 sofware.
Fig. 6 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 6. Effects of starvation on the expression of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJH- DK in Bactrocera dorsalis. The 2-d-old 3rd instars were fed or starved for 24 and 48 h before collection. The re-fed larvae were initially starved for 24 h, then refed for an additional 24 h prior to collection. F24: feeding 24 h; F48: feeding 48 h; S24: starvation 24 h; S48: starvation 48 h; RF: re-fed. Different letters indicate significant differences based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05).
Fig. 3 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 3. Relative expression levels of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJHDK in developmental stages of Bactrocera dorsalis. Expression levels at 19 time points in (A) 3rd instar larvae and pupae and (B) adults were detected by qPCR. 3L1: 1-d-old 3rd instar larvae; P1: 1-d-old pupae. Females or males were collected for qPCR analysis at 1, 4, 7, and 10 d afer eclosion. Different letters indicate significant differences among females or males based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05). Significant differences between the females and males determined with a t-test are indicated by * (P <0.05).
Fig. 4 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 4. Relative expression levels of BdJHEH2, BdJHEH3, and BdJHDK in tissues of Bactrocera dorsalis. Expression levels in the head (HD), thorax (TH), midgut (MG), Malpighian tubules (MT), and fat body (FB) were detected by qPCR. Different letters indicate significant differences among tissues based on 1-way ANOVA followed by an LSD test (P <0.05).
Fig. 2 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 2. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of JHDK from Bactrocera dorsalis and other insects. (A) Sequence alignment. The sequence of B. dorsalis JHDK is compared to SCP2 from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm), and JHDK from Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Ld), Manduca sexta (Ms), Plutella xylostella (Px), and Spodoptera litura (Sl). The α-helices (H1-8) and EF hands are indicated above the alignment according to results from B. mori (Li et al. 2005).Three predicted GTP-binding motifs (Σ1–3) are labeled with an arrow. (B) Phylogenetic analysis of JHDK homologs. The tree was generated with MEGA 5 using the neighbor-joining method. Nodes with>50% bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are indicated on branches. GenBank accession numbers of all sequences are listed in the tree.
Fig. 1 in Identification and characterization of three juvenile hormone genes from Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 1. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of JHEHs from Bactrocera dorsalis and other insects. (A) Sequence alignment. The sequences of B. dorsalis JHEHs are compared with JHEH from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm), Bombyx mori (Bm), Manduca sexta (Ms), and Apis mellifera (Am). The catalytic triad (Asp232, Glu409, and His436), 2 tyrosine residues (Tyr 304 and Tyr380), and HGXP motif are labeled with asterisks. The HGXP motif is underlined. (B) Phylogenetic analysis of JHEH homologs. The tree was generated with MEGA 5 using the neighbor-joining method. Nodes with>50% bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are indicated on branches. GenBank accession numbers of all sequences are listed in the tree.
Figure 3 in Intragonadal evaluation of sexual steroid hormones during three reproductive events in two species of Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)
Figure 3. Fluctuations of each intraovarian [SSH] in the ∆4 pathway throughout three reproductive events in two species of Peromyscus. Mean concentrations of sexual steroid hormones, [SSH], were obtained from estrous cycle, pregnancy and lactation in free-living, adult females of P. melanotis (A) and P. difficilis (B). Symbology as in Fig. 2. Note that scales differ; complete ANOVA information is available in Table S2.
Figure 1 in Intragonadal evaluation of sexual steroid hormones during three reproductive events in two species of Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)
Figure 1. Intraovarian contents of selected ∆ 4 pathway's SSH in two Peromyscus species. Sexual steroid hormones (SSH: progesterone, P4; androstenedione, A; testosterone, T; estradiol, E2) were obtained from free-living, adult females of P. melanotis (A) and P. difficilis (B), during a complete estrous cycle (CEC: proestrus to diestrus), and after ovulation (vertical arrows) followed by fecundation in a successful estrous cycle (SEC: proestrus, estrus + early gestation 1 and late gestation 2 + overall lactation); note that proestrus and estrus data from CEC are duplicated in SEC). The oogenetic and anabolic/ catabolic phases of the ovarian cycle are also depicted (see Table 1).
Figure. PCA analysis based on GH-MspI, GH-AluI, PRL, and DGAT1 loci in Turkish native cattle breeds (Turkish Grey - TG, East Anatolian Red - EAR, Anatolian Black - AB, and South Anatolian Red - SAR). in Growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) gene polymorphisms in Turkish native cattle breeds
Figure. PCA analysis based on GH-MspI, GH-AluI, PRL, and DGAT1 loci in Turkish native cattle breeds (Turkish Grey - TG, East Anatolian Red - EAR, Anatolian Black - AB, and South Anatolian Red - SAR).
Figure 5 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 5. Photomicrographs of annual changes in C. versicolor. Top left, testes; top right, male SSK; bottom left, ovaries; bottom right, granulosa layers (GL). Notes: SZ, spermatozoa; ST, seminiferous tubules; SSK, sexual segments of kidney; AF, atretic follicle; PF, previtellogenic follicle; VF, vitellogenic follicle; P, pyriform cells; S, small cells; CL, corpus luteum.
Figure 6 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 6. Annual profiles (mean ± SEM) of testosterone levels and testicular masses (a) C. emma; (b) C. versicolor. Notes: Jan– Dec denotes January to December. The numbers (in parentheses) represent the number of analyzed samples in each month.
Figure 3 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 3. Schematics of seasonal changes in ovarian size. Top, C. emma; bottom, C. versicolor. Notes: OvaF, ovarian follicles; OviE, oviductal eggs; Ovi, oviduct. All scale bars equals 5 mm. Jan–Nov denotes from January to November.
Figure 2 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 2. Schematics of annual changes in testicular size. Top; C. emma; bottom, C. versicolor. Notes: T, testis; Vd, vas deferens; K, kidney. Jan–Dec denotes from January to December. All scale bars equal 5 mm.
Figure 4 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 4. Photomicrographs of annual changes in C. emma. Top left, testes; top right, male SSK; bottom left, ovaries; bottom right, granulosa layers (GL). Notes: SZ, spermatozoa; ST, seminiferous tubules; SSK, sexual segments of kidney; AF, atretic follicle; PF, previtellogenic follicle; VF, vitellogenic follicle; P, pyriform cells; S, small cells.
Figure 1 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 1. External morphologies of the representatives of 2 Calotes species. Top, C. versicolor: A, no patch of granular scales in front of forelimb insertion; bottom left, C. emma: B, crescent-shaped patch of small granular scales in front of forelimb insertion, and C, large postorbital spine present. Bottom middle, dissections of urogenital morphology of male Calotes: T, testis; Vd, vas deferens; K, kidney; bottom right, female Calotes: OvaF, ovarian follicles; OviE, oviductal eggs. Lines were drawn from a total preparation (in ventral view).
Figure 7 in Reproductive pattern and sex hormones of Calotes emma Gray 1845 and Calotes versicolor Daudin 1802 (Squamata; Agamidae)
Figure 7. Changes in the plasma levels of estradiol and the diameter of the largest follicle: (a) C. emma; (b) C. versicolor. Notes: QU, quiescent; EV, early vitellogenic; LV, late vitellogenic; EG, early gestation; MG, mid-gestation; LG, late gestation. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. The differences in superscript alphabets (estradiol levels) and in the numbers of asterisks (diameters of the largest follicles) indicate the significant differences between the various follicular sizes at P <0.01. The number (in parentheses) represents the analyzed samples in each month.
Figure 4 in Identification of thyroid hormone receptors α and β genes and their expression profiles during metamorphosis in Rana chensinensis*
Figure 4. The levels of rcTRα and rcTRβ mRNA in several (n = 6) tadpoles as assessed by qRT-PCR. Different letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05) between developmental stages.
Figure 2 in Identification of thyroid hormone receptors α and β genes and their expression profiles during metamorphosis in Rana chensinensis*
Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationship of TRs among R. chensinensis and other species. Numbers at the branches are the bootstrap values.
Figure 3 in Identification of thyroid hormone receptors α and β genes and their expression profiles during metamorphosis in Rana chensinensis*
Figure 3. Organ-specific expression of rcTRα and rcTRβ in tadpoles during stages 33–46 by RT-PCR. M: DL2000 DNA marker.
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