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48 results for “Hydrologic responses”
Fig. 2 in Biological response to geochemical and hydrological processes in a shallow submarine cave
Fig. 2: The location, cross-section and layout of the Y-Cave on Dugi Otok Island, Croatia, with characteristic profiles.
Resource redistribution mediated by hydrological connectivity modulates vegetation response to aridification in drylands
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Data from: The roots of the drought: hydrology and water uptake strategies mediate forest-wide demographic response to precipitation
Drought-induced tree mortality is expected to increase globally due to climate change, with profound implications for forest composition, function and global climate feedbacks. How drought is experienced by different species is thought to depend fundamentally on where they access water vertically below ground, but this remains untracked so far due to the difficulty of measuring water availability at depths at which plants access water (few to several tens of meters), the broad temporal scales at which droughts at those depths unfold (seasonal to decadal), and the difficulty in linking these patterns to forest-wide species-specific demographic responses. We address this problem through a new eco-hydrological framework: we used a hydrological model to estimate belowground water availability by depth over a period of two decades that included a multi-year drought. Given this water availability scenario and 20yr long-records of species-specific growth patterns, we inversely estimated the relative depths at which 12 common species in the forest accessed water via a model of water-stress. Finally, we tested whether our estimates of species relative uptake depths predicted mortality in multi-year drought. The hydrological model revealed clear belowground niches as precipitation was decoupled from water availability by depth at multi-annual scale. Species partitioned the hydrological niche by diverging in their uptake depths and so in the same forest stand, different species experienced very different drought patterns, resulting in clear differences in species-specific growth. Finally, species relative water uptake depths predicted species mortality patterns after the multi-year drought. Species that our method ranked as relying on deeper water were the ones that had suffered from greater mortality, as the zone from which they access water took longer to recharge after depletion. This research changes our understanding of how hydrological niches operate for trees with a trade-off between realized growth potential and survival under drought with decadal scale return time. The eco-hydrological framework highlights the importance of species-specific below ground strategies in predicting forest response to drought. Applying this framework more broadly may help us better understand species-coexistence in diverse forest communities and improve mechanistic predictions of forests productivity and compositional change under future climate.
Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance
<p>Disturbances can produce a spectrum of short- and long-term ecological consequences that depend on complex interactions of the characteristics of the event, antecedent environmental conditions, and the intrinsic properties of resistance and resilience of the affected biological system. We used Hurricane Harvey's impact on coastal rivers of Texas to examine the roles of storm-related changes in hydrology and long-term precipitation regime on the response of stream invertebrate communities to hurricane disturbance. We detected declines in richness, diversity, and total abundance following the storm, but responses were strongly tied to direct and indirect effects of long-term aridity and short-term changes in stream hydrology. The amount of rainfall a site received drove both flood duration and flood magnitude across sites, but lower annual rainfall amounts (i.e., aridity) increased flood magnitude and decreased flood duration. Across all sites, flood duration was positively related to the time it took for invertebrate communities to return to a long-term baseline and flood magnitude drove larger invertebrate community responses (i.e., changes in diversity and total abundance). However, invertebrate response per unit flood magnitude was lower in sub-humid sites, potentially because of differences in refuge availability or ecological-evolutionary interactions. Interestingly, sub-humid streams had temporary large peaks in invertebrate total abundance and diversity following recovery period that may be indicative of the larger organic matter pulses expected in these systems because of their comparatively well-developed riparian vegetation. Our findings show that hydrology and long-term precipitation regime predictably affected invertebrate community responses and, thus, our work underscores the important influence of local climate to ecosystem sensitivity to disturbances.</p>
Data for 'Using 40 years of spot measurements to assess stream temperature response and recovery for different harvesting systems in northern hardwood forests' by Jason Leach, Danielle Hudson and R. Dan Moore. Submitted to Hydrological Processes.
<p>This dataset contains spot stream temperature measurements taken at 5 headwater streams draining forested hillslopes (C31, C32, C33, C34, C35) in the Turkey Lakes Watershed, approximately 65 km northwest of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.</p>
Hydrologic Response of the Columbia River System to Climate Change
<p>Hydrologic projections for the Columbia River Basin and coastal drainages in the Pacific Northwest, United States.</p> <p>See http://www.hydro.washington.edu/CRCC/ for more information.</p> <p> </p>
Data for "Multifractal comparison of reflectivity and polarimetric rainfall data from C- and X-band radars and respective hydrological responses of a complex catchment model"
<p>The data files arranged here correspond to the data used in the paper: “Multifractal comparison of reflectivity and polarimetric rainfall data from C- and X-band radars and respective hydrological responses of a complex catchment model”, submitted to <em>Water</em>.</p> <p>The data organized as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Data_type_20150912_time_steps.mat: the rainfall data for 3 different products of the X-band radar (FIR filter, a=200, b=1.6; FIR filter, a=150, b=1.3; simple filter, a=150, b=1.3) for the event of 12-13 September 2015, over an area of 64 km x 64 km.</li> <li>Data_type_Event_time_steps.mat: X-band radar data (FIR filter, a=150, b=1.3) for the events of 16 September 2015 and 5-6 October 2015, over an area of 64 km x 64 km.</li> <li>Sub-catchment_name_Data_type_Event.txt: the rainfall series for each of 26 sub-catchments of the model, for 3 different types of rainfall data (C-band, X-band and rain gauges) for the events of 12-13 September 2015, 16 September 2015 and 5-6 October 2015.</li> <li>X-band_Pixels_Event.txt: the rainfall series for all 6 X-band radar pixels corresponding to the 6 rain gauges for the 3 studied events (12-13 September 2015, 16 September 2015, and 5-6 October 2015).</li> <li>X-Band_Optim 20150916_Measurement_point_name.txt: flow simulated at each of the 4 measurement points with X-band data for the 16 September 2015 event, with the implementation of the tool mimicking the regulation optimization.</li> <li>Data_type_Event_Measurement_point_name.txt: flow simulated at each of the 4 measurement points with 3 different types of rainfall data (C-band, X-band and rain gauges) for the 3 studied events (12-13 September 2015, 16 September 2015, and 5-6 October 2015), without the implementation of the tool mimicking the regulation optimization.</li> </ul> <p>The original C-band radar data remains property of Météo-France and was provided to the authors for this research study, without any possibility of data disclosure.</p> <p>The details on how the rainfall series were generated over each sub-catchment could be found in the paper.</p> <p>The authors greatly acknowledge partial financial supports of the Chair “Hydrology for resilient cities” endowed by Veolia, and of the Department of Science and Technology of the Brazilian Army. The authors are thankful to M Bernard Urban (Météo-France) for providing access to the C-band radar data and documentation in the framework of the INTERREG NWE RainGain project.</p>
Survey response of the H2020 Water-ForCE expert meeting on In situ calibration and validation of satellite products of water quality and hydrology
<p>These slides provide an overview of the expert survey held in advance of the H2020 Water-ForCE workshop:</p> <p><strong>In situ calibration and validation of satellite products of water quality and hydrology</strong></p> <p>which was held as three virtual meeting sessions on 17, 18 and 20th May 2021:</p> <ol> <li>Data availability, Accessibility and quality gaps</li> <li>Emerging technologies to address current gaps</li> <li>Data harmonization and sharing</li> </ol> <p>Source data have been removed from the graphs included in these slides but may be requested from the authors.</p> <p>The workshop and outcomes are part of the H2020 funded project Water-ForCE: Water Scenarios For Copernicus Exploitation. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101004186</p>
Data, simulations/projections, and supporting materials for simulated hydrologic responses to climate-change projections for the Lake Tahoe basin: subbasin-scale results
<p>This dataset contains data, simulations, projections, and supporting materials associated with simulated hydrologic responses, at the scale of 60 subbasins comprising the Lake Tahoe Basin, California and Nevada, to a 16-member ensemble of statistically-downscaled projections of climate change, 1950-2099. The process and results are described in detail in</p> <div>Dettinger, M., & Rajagopal, S., 2023, Simulated hydrologic responses to climate-change </div> <div>projections for the Lake Tahoe Basin: Desert Research Institute Publication 41292, 99 p.,</div> <div> </div> <div>which is included here. </div> <div> </div> <div>The dataset as presented here contains 6 files, including one large zipped file that itself contains some 1,975 files, mostly simple text files of data, simulation outputs, and analytical results organized into dozens and dozens of subdirectories to allow specific elements to be identified and isolated. Beyond this large collection, the zipped file also contains copies of the report(s), selected supporting documents, graphical files, codes, and copious #readme.txt files to orient the user. </div>
Data, simulations/projections, and supporting materials for simulated hydrologic responses to climate-change projections for the Lake Tahoe basin: subbasin-scale results
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Data from: The roots of the drought: hydrology and water uptake strategies mediate forest-wide demographic response to precipitation
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Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance
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Hydrological response to compounding impacts of climate change and forest management in the upper Kings River basin, CA, USA
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The response of nitrogen transformation to hydrological regime at sediment-water interface of seasonal lakes in floodplain: Insights from the Three Gorges Dam-Poyang Lake system
<p><span>This study establishes a coupled model integrating hydrodynamics and nitrogen transformation to elucidate the impacts of the hydrological regime of the Yangtze River after the operation of Three Gorges Dam.</span></p>
Restoring function: positive responses of carbon and nitrogen to 20 years of hydrologic restoration in montane meadows
<p>Montane meadows are highly productive ecosystems that contain high densities of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). However, anthropogenic disturbances that lead to channel incision and disconnected floodplain hydrology have altered the C balance of many meadows, converting them from net C sinks to net sources of C to the atmosphere. Restoration efforts designed to reconnect floodplain hydrology may slow rates of soil C loss from degraded meadows and restore conditions for C sequestration and N immobilization, yet questions remain about the long-term impact of such efforts. Here, we used a 22-year meadow restoration chronosequence to measure the decadal impact of hydrologic restoration on above- and belowground C and N stocks and concentrations. Increases in herbaceous vegetation biomass preceded changes in soil C stocks, with the largest gains occurring belowground. Root biomass (0-15 cm) increased at a rate of 270.3 g m<sup>-2</sup> y<sup>-1</sup> and soil C stocks (0-15 cm) increased by 232.9 g C m<sup>-2</sup> y<sup>-1</sup> across the chronosequence. Increases in soil C concentration (2.99 g C kg<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>) were tightly coupled with increases in soil N concentration (0.21 g N kg<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>) and soil C:N did not vary with time since restoration. Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy results show that the fraction of labile aliphatic C-H and carboxylate C-O (COO) compounds in the soil increased with age of restoration and were positively correlated with soil C and N concentration. Our results demonstrate that restoration of floodplain hydrology in montane meadows has significant impacts on belowground C and N stocks, soil C and N concentration, and soil C chemistry within the first two decades following restoration.</p>
Data and figure production code for 'Hydrological cycle amplification imposes spatial pattern on climate change response of ocean pH and carbonate chemistry'
<p>Time mean data, and python code, used to create figures in 'Hydrological cycle amplification imposes spatial pattern on climate change response of ocean pH and carbonate chemistry', Biogeosciences, Hogikyan and Resplandy 2024</p>
Hydrological Response of Andean Catchments to Recent Glacier Mass Loss (data)
<p>Data related to the article in review (The Cryosphere journal)</p>
A model-data comparison of the hydrological response to Miocene warmth: leveraging the MioMIP1 opportunistic multi-model ensemble
<p>Supporting information for manuscript titled "A model-data comparison of the hydrological response to Miocene warmth: leveraging the MioMIP1 opportunistic multi-model ensemble"</p><p>Datasets S1. Early to Middle Miocene NetCDF files: E2MMIO280.nc, E2MMIO400.nc, E2MMIO560.nc, E2MMIO850.nc contains MioMIP1 climate variables used to make manuscript figures. </p><p>Datasets S2 Middle to Late Miocene NetCDF files: M2LMIO280.nc, M2LMIO400.nc, M2LMIO560.nc contains MioMIP1 climate variables used to make manuscript figures. </p><p>Datasets S3 Preindustrial NetCDF files: PI contains MioMIP1 climate variables used to make manuscript figures.</p><p>Dataset S4 CSV file MioMIP_MAP_compilation contains newly revised miocene reconstructed mean annual precipitation from proxies. </p>
Restoring function: positive responses of carbon and nitrogen to 20 years of hydrologic restoration in montane meadows
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Supplementary materials for "Spatial runoff updating based on hydrologic system differential response for flood forecasting"
<p>Supplementary material 1: Observations in the BSK basin including precipitation, evaporation and discharge. </p> <p>Supplementary material 2: Observations in the SW basin including precipitation, evaporation and discharge. </p> <p>Supplementary material 3: Results for floods 20071006 in the BSK basin</p> <p>Supplementary material 4: Results for floods 19890526 in the SW basin</p> <p>Supplementary material 5: Results with different lead time in the BSK and SW basins</p>
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