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FIGURES 7–17 in New species and records of Macrodactylus Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Bolivia

FIGURES 7–17. Diagnostic structures of Macrodactylus megaphyllus: 7) parameres, distal view, 8) parameres, lateral view, 9) basal piece, dorsal view. Macrodactylus yunganus: 10) parameres, distal view, 11) parameres, lateral view, 12) basal piece, dorsal view, 13) female genital plates, ventral view. Macrodactylus nobilis: 14) parameres, distal view, 15) parameres, lateral view, 16) basal piece, dorsal view, 17) female genital plates, ventral view. Scales in mm.

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FIGURES 1–6 in New species and records of Macrodactylus Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Bolivia

FIGURES 1–6. Macrodactylus megaphyllus: 1) dorsal view, 2) lateral view. Macrodactylus yunganus: 3) dorsal view, 4) lateral view. Macrodactylus nobilis: 5) dorsal view, 6) lateral view.

Figs. 1–8. Pristerophora picipennis, third instar. 1 in Descriptions of the Third Instars ofPristerophora picipennis(Solier) andSchizochelus modestusPhilippi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Southern Chile

Figs. 1–8. Pristerophora picipennis, third instar. 1) Head, frontal view; 2) Distal antennomere, a) dorsal, b) ventral, c) lateral view; 3) Epipharynx; 4) Mandibles, ventral view a) left, b) right; 5) Mandibles, dorsal view a) right, b) left; 6) Maxilla, a) dorsal view, b) ventral view; 7) Apex of lacinia and galea showing unci; 8) Maxillary stridulatory area. Scale bar in mm.

Figs. 15–22. Schizochelus modestus, third instar. 15 in Descriptions of the Third Instars ofPristerophora picipennis(Solier) andSchizochelus modestusPhilippi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Southern Chile

Figs. 15–22. Schizochelus modestus, third instar. 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Distal antennomere, a) dorsal, b) ventral, c) lateral view; 17) Epipharynx; 18) Mandibles, ventral view, a) left, b) right; 19) Mandibles, dorsal view, a) right, b) left; 20) Maxillae, a) dorsal view, b) ventral view; 21) Apex of lacinia and galea showing unci; 22) Maxillary stridulatory area. Scale bar in mm.

Figs. 23–28. Schizochelus modestus, third instar. 23 in Descriptions of the Third Instars ofPristerophora picipennis(Solier) andSchizochelus modestusPhilippi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Southern Chile

Figs. 23–28. Schizochelus modestus, third instar. 23) Labium, dorsal view; 24) Hypopharynx; 25) Thoracic spiracle; 26) Respiratory plate; 27) Tarsungulus of a) prothoracic leg, b) mesothoracic leg, and c) metathoracic leg; 28) Last abdominal segment with raster, ventral view. Scale bar in mm.

Figs. 9–14. Pristerophora picipennis, third instar. 9 in Descriptions of the Third Instars ofPristerophora picipennis(Solier) andSchizochelus modestusPhilippi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Southern Chile

Figs. 9–14. Pristerophora picipennis, third instar. 9) Labium, dorsal view; 10) Hypopharynx; 11) Thoracic spiracle; 12) Respiratory plate; 13) Tarsungulus of a) prothoracic leg, b) mesothoracic leg, and c) metathoracic leg; 14) Last abdominal segment with raster, ventral view. Scale bar in mm.

FIGURE 4. Dicrania laevipennis Moser, 1921. A in The genus Dicrania LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Colombia with the description of a new species

FIGURE 4. Dicrania laevipennis Moser, 1921. A, Male from Colombia, dorsal view; B, male from Colombia, lateral view; C, male from Colombia, ventral view; D, male from Colombia, aedeagus in lateral view; E, male from Colombia, aedeagus in distal view; F, female from French Guiana, dorsal view; G, female from French Guiana, lateral view.

FIGURE 5 in The genus Dicrania LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Colombia with the description of a new species

FIGURE 5. Distribution of the Dicrania species from Colombia. A, Colombia; B, known distribution of Dicrania laevipennis Moser, 1921.

FIGURE 2 in The genus Dicrania LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Colombia with the description of a new species

FIGURE 2. Dicrania chimu, new species, male holotype. A, Dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view; D, labels; E, head and pronotum in dorsal view; F, aedeagus in lateral view; G, aedeagus in distal view; H, pygidium in caudal view; I, antenna in dorsal view.

FIGURE 3 in The genus Dicrania LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Colombia with the description of a new species

FIGURE 3. Dicrania chimu, new species, male paratype. A, Protarsal claw; B, mesotarsal claw; C, metatarsal claw; D, apex of protibial; E, apex of mesotibia; F, apex of metatibia; G, mesotarsomere 1 in ventral view; H, mesotarsomere 1 in lateral internal view.

FIGURE 1. Dicrania diagnostic morphological characters. A in The genus Dicrania LePeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) from Colombia with the description of a new species

FIGURE 1. Dicrania diagnostic morphological characters. A, Dicrania laevipennis Moser, 1921 male, head and pronotum in dorsal view; B, D. chimu new species male paratype, scutellum in dorsal view; C, D. laevipennis male, protibia; D, D. laevipennis male, metacoxa in dorsal view; E, D. chimu male paratype, metafemora in ventral view; F, D. chimu male paratype, lateral internal view of metatarsomeres 4–5.

FIGURES 78–83. Dasyus female terminalia. 78 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 78–83. Dasyus female terminalia. 78, Dasyus collaris terminalia with detail of asperites of proctiger area; 79, D. variabilis terminalia; 80, D. collaris pygidium, internal (showing paraproct-pygidium articulation); 81, D. collaris genitalia (right side without external elements; left side with detail of gonocoxite setae); 82, D. variabilis spermatheca complex; 83, D. collaris longitudinal section, lateral (accessory gland in dotted line). acg, accessory gland; bcx, bursa copulatrix; gcx, gonocoxite; ovd, oviduct; ppt, paraproct; pyg, pygidium; ret, rectum; spt, spermatheca; stg, gland of spermatheca; tg8–9, abdominal tergite VIII and IX. Details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 46–51. Dasyus collaris pterothorax. 46 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 46–51. Dasyus collaris pterothorax. 46, anterior (right side with mesoalinotum omitted); 47, posterior; 48, metanotum, internoventral (right side with mesopostnotum complex); 49, internodorsal (right episternum-epimeron and associated region omitted); 50, lateral; 51, internolateral. Acronyms suffix 2 and 3 indicating mesothorax and metathorax elements, respectively (except to fragma: ph1–3); apn, apodeme of postnotum; awp, anterior notal wing process; ba2–3, basalare (* apodeme); dm3, dorsal arm of epimeron; em2–3, epimeron; es2–3, episternum; fu2–3, furca; lp2–3, lateral arm of postnotum; ls2–3, lateral arm of scutellum; msb, mesendosternite bridge; mwp, medial notal wing process; pe2–3, prealare; ph1–3, first, second and third phragma; pla, pleural arm; po2, postalare; pwp, posterior notal wing process; sc2–3, scutum; su3, subalare (* apodeme); st2–3, scutellum; vt2–3, meso- and metaventrite; wp2–3, pleural wing process. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 52–56. Dasyus collaris pterothorax and abdomen. 52 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 52–56. Dasyus collaris pterothorax and abdomen. 52, pterothorax, dorsal (right side of mesoalinotum omitted); 53, mesoalinotum, internoventral; 54, episternum-epimeron complex and associated region, internal (apodeme limits of basalare and subalare in black line); 55–56, female abdomen (dorsal, ventral). Acronyms suffix 2 and 3 to thorax indicating mesothorax and metathorax elements, respectively (except to fragma: ph1–2); apn, postnotal apodeme; awp, anterior notal wing process; ba2–3, basalare; dm3, dorsal arm of metepimeron; em2–3, epimeron; es2–3, episternum; lp2–3, lateral arm of postnotum; ls2– 3, lateral arm of scutellum; mts, metathoracic spiracle; pcx, pleurocoxal articulation; pe2–3, prealare; ph1–2, first and second phragma; pla, pleural arm; po2, postalare; pyg, pygidium; sc2, mesoscutum; sn3–8, abdominal sternite 3–8; su3, subalare; st2, scutellum; tg1–8, abdominal tergite 1–8; va1–6, abdominal ventrite 1–6; wp2–3, pleural wing process. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 30–34. Dasyus collaris mandibles. 30–33 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 30–34. Dasyus collaris mandibles. 30–33, Left mandible (dorsal, ventral, outer, molar); 34, molar of right mandible. Scale = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 21–23. Compsodactylus. 21 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 21–23. Compsodactylus. 21, Compsodactylus argentinus temones, dorsal; 22, C. argentinus endophallus, ventral (asperites details with relative magnification of 3x); 23, C. parvulus endophallus, ventral (asperites details with relative magnification of 3x). Scale: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 9–20. Male appendages. 9 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 9–20. Male appendages. 9, Dasyus collaris metacoxa; 10, Compsodactylus argentinus metacoxa; 11, C. argentinus apex of metatibia; 12, C. argentinus metafemur and tibia; 13, C. argentinus tibia, posterior view; 14, C. parvulus apex of metatibia; 15, C. parvulus metafemur and tibia; 16, C. parvulus tibia, posterior view; 17–18, C. argentinus aedeagus (lateral and parameres in dorsal view); 19–20, C. parvulus aedeagus (lateral and parameres in dorsal view). cxk, coxa-katepisternum articulation; cxp, coxopleural articulation; cxt, coxa-trochanter articulation; mbd, marginal bead; mip, metacoxal inner process (limit in dotted line). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 98–99. South America distributional records. 98 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 98–99. South America distributional records. 98, Compsodactylus; 99, Dasyus. Scale = 500 km.

FIGURES 1–8. Compsodactylus. 1–3 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 1–8. Compsodactylus. 1–3, Compsodactylus argentinus male lectotype (dorsal, lateral, labels); 4, labels of C. scabrosus male holotype (= C. argentinus); 5–6, C. parvulus male (dorsal, lateral); 7, C. parvulus female holotype labels; 8, labels of mislabeled male of C. parvulus. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38, prothorax, anterior (right side with cervix and coxa omitted); 39, prothorax, posterior (right without intersegmental membrane and coxa omitted); 40, prothorax, ventral (right side with hypomeron bridge detached); 41, protibia-tarsus of males (with protracted pretarsus), details: a, tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus, b–c, tarsomere V, inner (with protracted/retracted pretarsus, respectively), d, tarsomere I detail; 42, 43, mesotibia-tarsus (female, male); 44, metatibiatarsus of male (with protracted pretarsus) and detail of tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus; 45, apex of metatibia. am1, angulate margin between hypomeron and posterior fold of pronotum; am2, angulate margin between dorsal and ventral areas of posterior fold of pronotum. Scale = 1 mm.