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141 results for “Metabolic Interactions”
Seasonal Variations of Microbial Communities and Viral Diversity in Fishery-Enhanced Marine Ranching Sediments: Insights into Metabolic Potentials and Ecological Interactions
<p>Sediment samples were collected in four seasons from May 2022 to January 2023 from the Tian coastal marine ranching (36°91′ N and 122°15′ E) located along Jinghai Bay in Weihai City, Shandong Province, China. We employed amplicon (16S and 18S) and metagenomic approaches aiming to reveal the seasonal patterns of microbial communities, bacterial-eukaryotic interactions, whole metabolic potential, and their coupling mechanisms with carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) cycling in marine ranching sediments. Additionally, the characterization and diversity of viral communities in different seasons were explored in marine ranching sediments. This dataset mainly includes amplicon sequencing (16S and 18S) generated ASV tables (after rarefied), corresponding taxonomic classification tables, metagenome assembly (Single assembly and Co-assembly), <span>metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs)</span> sequences, and <span>viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs)</span> sequences.</p>
Higher order metabolic interactions in resistance to Clostridioides difficile invasion
<p>This dataset contains relative metabolite concentrations in human fecal and synthetic bacterial cumminities grown using a minibioreactor array. The synthetic and fecal microbiota communities were treated with antibiotics and Clostridiodes difficile to determine the role of microbiota in excluding C. difficile and the metabolites invovled in the pathogen exclusion</p>
Data from: Impacts of deforestation-induced warming on the metabolism, growth, and trophic interactions of an afrotropical stream fish
1. In ectotherms, anthropogenic warming often increases energy requirements for metabolism, which can either impair growth (when resources are limiting) or lead to higher predator feeding rates and possibly stronger top-down trophic interactions. However, the relative importance of these effects in nature remains unclear because: 1) thermal adaptation or acclimation could lower metabolic costs; 2) greater prey production at warmer temperatures could compensate for higher predator feeding rates; and/or 3) temperature effects on trophic interactions via altered biological rates could be small relative to other, temperature-unrelated human impacts on food webs. 2. Here, we examined effects of deforestation-associated warming on the minnow Enteromius neumayeri, occurring in both forested (cool) and deforested (warm) streams located inside or nearby an afrotropical rainforest. Combining approaches from physiological and community ecology, we quantified impacts of anthropogenic warming on the metabolism, growth, and trophic interactions of this tropical ectotherm. We then compared these effects with impacts of land use unrelated to temperature. 3. In a long-term laboratory acclimation experiment quantifying the temperature-dependence of growth and metabolism in E. neumayeri, warming increased metabolic rates and decreased growth (at a limited ration). We found no evidence of local (thermal) adaptation, with warming affecting farm and forest populations similarly. 4. Then, using mark-recapture methods to quantify impacts of warming on performance in situ, we found similar growth rates in fish from deforested and forested streams despite their distinct thermal environments. This suggests higher prey consumption at deforested sites to compensate for greater metabolic costs, which could strengthen fish-invertebrate interactions. 5. Finally, we developed a bioenergetics model to estimate fish-invertebrate interaction strength and quantify temperature-related and unrelated impacts of land use on this interaction. We found that although warming increased fish consumption, it apparently increased invertebrate production even more and thus had a net weakening effect on estimated interaction strength. Most importantly, variation in both fish and invertebrate density not directly related to temperature had a much stronger influence on estimated interaction strength than temperature effects on predator consumption and prey growth. 6. We conclude that ectotherms can sometimes offset the metabolic costs of warming with a small increase in consumption that hardly effects food web interactions compared to non-metabolic impacts of anthropogenic disturbances. Future research should assess whether this is a common feature of heavily-impacted ecosystems facing multiple stressors.
Membrane lipid metabolism, heat shock response, and energy costs mediate the interaction between acclimatization and heat hardening response
<p>Thermal plasticity on different timescales, including acclimation/acclimatization and heat hardening response – a rapid adjustment for thermal tolerance after a nonlethal thermal stress, can interact on organisms to improve the resilience to thermal stress. However, little is known about the physiological mechanisms mediating this interaction. To investigate underpinnings of heat hardening responses after acclimatization in warm season, we measured thermal tolerance plasticity, compared transcriptomic and metabolomic changes after heat hardening at 33 or 37<sup>o</sup>C followed by recovery of 3 h or 24 h in an intertidal bivalve <i>Sinonovacula constricta</i>. The clams showed explicit heat hardening responses after acclimatization in warm season. The higher inducing temperature (37<sup>o</sup>C) caused a less effective heat hardening effect than the inducing temperature that was closer to seasonal maximum temperature (33<sup>o</sup>C). Metabolomic analysis highlighted the elevated contents of membrane glyceropholipids in all heat hardened clams, which may help to maintain structure and function of membrane. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) tended to be up-regulated after heat hardening at 37<sup>o</sup>C but not at 33<sup>o</sup>C, indicating that there was no complete dependency of heat hardening effects on up-regulated HSPs. Enhanced energy metabolism and decreased energy reserves were observed after heat hardening at 37<sup>o</sup>C, suggesting more energy costs during exposure to higher inducing temperature which may restrict heat hardening effects. These results highlighted the mediating role of membrane lipid metabolism, heat shock responses and energy costs in the interaction of heat hardening response and seasonal acclimatization, and benefit the mechanistic understanding of evolutionary change and thermal plasticity during global climate change.</p>
Data from: Uncovering key metabolic determinants of the drug interactions between trimethoprim and erythromycin in Escherichia coli
<p>Understanding interactions between antibiotics used in combination is an important theme in microbiology. Using the interactions between the antifolate drug trimethoprim and the ribosome-targeting antibiotic erythromycin in <em>Escherichia coli </em>as a model, we applied a transcriptomic approach for dissecting interactions between two antibiotics with different modes of action. When trimethoprim and erythromycin were combined, the transcriptional response of genes from the sulfate reduction pathway deviated from the dominant effect of trimethoprim on the transcriptome. We successfully altered the drug interaction from additivity to suppression by increasing the sulfate level in the growth environment and identified sulfate reduction as an important metabolic determinant that shapes the interaction between the two drugs. Our work highlights the potential of using prioritization of gene expression patterns as a tool for identifying key metabolic determinants that shape drug-drug interactions. We further demonstrated that the sigma factor-binding protein gene crl shapes the interactions between the two antibiotics, which provides a rare example of how naturally occurring variations between strains of the same bacterial species can sometimes generate very different drug interactions.</p>
Metabolic phenotype mediates the outcome of competitive interactions in a response-surface field experiment
<p>Competition and metabolism should be linked. Intraspecific variation in metabolic rates and, hence, resource demands covary with competitive ability. The effects of metabolism on conspecific interactions, however, have mostly been studied under laboratory conditions.<b> </b>We used a trait-specific response-surface design to test for the effects of metabolism on pairwise interactions of the marine colonial invertebrate, <i>Bugula neritina</i> in the field. Specifically, we compared the performance (survival, growth, and reproduction) of focal individuals, both in the presence and absence of a neighbour colony, both of which had their metabolic phenotype characterised.<b> </b>Survival of focal colonies depended on the metabolic phenotype of the neighbouring individual, and on the combination of both the focal and neighbour colony metabolic phenotypes that were present. Surprisingly, we found pervasive effects of neighbour metabolic phenotypes on focal colony growth and reproduction, though the sign and strength of these effects showed strong microenvironmental variability.<b> </b>Overall, we find that the metabolic phenotype changes the strength of competitive interactions, but these effects are highly contingent on local conditions. We suggest future studies explore how variation in metabolic rate affects organisms beyond the focal organism alone, particularly under field conditions.</p>
Interactive effects of elevated temperature and drought on plant carbon metabolism: A meta‐analysis
<p><span>Elevated temperature (</span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span>) and drought often co-occur and interactively affect plant carbon (C) metabolism and thus the ecosystem C cycling, but the magnitude of their interaction is unclear, making the projection of global change impacts challenging. Here, we compiled 107 journal articles in which temperature and water availability were jointly manipulated and performed a meta-analysis of interactive effects of <em>T<sub>e</sub></em> and drought on leaf photosynthesis (</span><span>A<sub>growth</sub></span><span>) and respiration (</span><span>R<sub>growth</sub></span><span>) at growth temperature, nonstructural carbohydrates and biomass of plants, and their dependencies on experimental and biological moderators (e.g., treatment intensity, plant functional type). Our results showed that, overall, there was no significant interaction of </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> and drought on A<sub>growth</sub>. </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> accelerated R<sub>growth</sub> under well-watered conditions rather than under drought conditions. The </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> × </span><span>drought interaction on leaf soluble sugar and starch concentrations were neutral and negative, respectively. The effect of </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> and drought on plant biomass displayed a negative interaction, with </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> deteriorating the drought impacts. Drought induced an increase in root-to-shoot ratio at ambient temperature but not at </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span>. The magnitudes of </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> and drought negatively modulated the </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> drought interactions on </span><span>A<sub>growth</sub></span><span>. Root biomass of woody plants was more vulnerable to drought than that of herbaceous plants at ambient temperature, but this difference diminished at </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span>. Perennial herbs exhibited a stronger amplifying effect of </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> on plant biomass in response to drought than did annual herbs. </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> exacerbated the responses of </span><span>A<sub>growth</sub></span><span> and stomatal conductance to drought for evergreen broadleaf trees rather than for deciduous broadleaf and evergreen coniferous trees. A negative </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span> <span>×</span><span> drought interaction on plant biomass was observed on the species level rather than on the community level. Collectively, our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the interactive effects of </span><span><em>T<sub>e</sub></em></span><span> and drought on plant C metabolism, which would improve the prediction of climate change impacts.</span></p>
Interactions between metabolism and growth can determine the co-existence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
<p>Most bacteria exist and interact within polymicrobial communities. These interactions produce unique compounds, increase virulence and augment antibiotic resistance. One community associated with negative healthcare outcomes consists of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. When co-cultured, virulence factors secreted by <em>P. aeruginosa</em> reduce metabolism and growth in <em>S. aureus</em>. When grown in vitro, this allows <em>P. aeruginosa</em> to drive <em>S. aureus</em> toward extinction. However, when found <em>in vivo</em>, both species can co-exist. Previous work has noted that this may be due to altered gene expression or mutations. However, little is known about how the growth environment could influence the co-existence of both species. Using a combination of mathematical modeling and experimentation, we show that changes to bacterial growth and metabolism caused by differences in the growth environment can determine the final population composition. We found that changing the carbon source in growth media affects the ratio of ATP to growth rate for both species, a metric we call absolute growth. We found that as a growth environment increases the absolute growth for one species, that species will increasingly dominate the co-culture. This is due to interactions between growth, metabolism, and metabolism-altering virulence factors produced by <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Finally, we show that the relationship between absolute growth and the final population composition can be perturbed by altering the spatial structure in the community. Our results demonstrate that differences in growth environment can account for conflicting observations regarding the co-existence of these bacterial species in the literature, provides support for the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, and may offer a novel mechanism to manipulate polymicrobial populations.</p>
Fig. 7. HPTLC chromatograms under white light after anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid derivatization. 1 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 7. HPTLC chromatograms under white light after anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid derivatization. 1 (A): blend of methanol extracts from all rock-rose (Cistus monspeliensis L.) ecotypes samples, 2: 8,15-labdanediol, 3: 8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid, 4: 18-methyl ester-clerodan-15-oic acid, 5: myricetin 3,7,4′,5′-tetramethyl ether, and 6: 8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid methyl ester. Chemical structures of the metabolites used for co-HPTLC. 8,15-labdanediol (1), 8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid (2), 8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid methyl ester (3), 18-oic acid methyl ester-clerodan-l5-oic acid (4) and myricetin 3,7,4′,5′-tetramethyl ether (5).
Fig. 6 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 6. HPTLC chromatograms of methanol extracts of ten ecotypes of Cistus monspeliensis L. Cardeu (Ca, 1), Mandas (Ma, 2), Seui (Se, 3), Su Dominariu (Su, 4), Foresta Fontanamela (Fo, 5), Gutturu Mannu (Gu, 6), Portoscuso (Po, 7), Paringianu (Pa, 8), Barbusi (Ba, 9), and Gennargentu (Ge, 10). A: visualized at 366 nm without derivatization, B: bioautography against Fusarium oxysporum.
Fig. 5 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 5. Orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS) analysis to correlated chemical profiles of rock-rose (Cistus monspeliensis L.) obtained by 1H NMR (A) and HPTLC (B) and their antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The antifungal activity are average values (n = 5) measured as inhibition halos (mm).
Fig. 4 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 4. The effect of geographical origin (north, south and central) and altitude on the chemical variation of rock-rose ecotypes (Cistus monspeliensis L.), collected at different regions of Sardinia, Italy. A: Orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) of rock-rose ecotypes based on 1H NMR data and geographical origins (north, south and central) excluding the samples of Seui (Se) (n = 45). B: OPLS-DA of rock-rose ecotypes based on HPTLC data and geographical origins (North, South and Central) excluding the samples of Barbusi (Ba) (n = 45). C: OPLS analysis based on 1H NMR data and altitudes of the collected locations (expressed as meters above sea level) (n = 50). D: OPLS analysis based on 1H NMR data and altitudes of the collection locations (expressed as meters above sea level) (n = 50). The classes of geographical origins were grouped following Fig. 3: North (Ca, Gu, Po, Su), South (Ba, Ge, Ma, Pa), and Central (Fo) areas of sampling. Ca: Cardeu, Ma: Mandas, Se: Seui, Su: Su Dominnariu, Fo: Foresta fontanamela, Gu: Gutturu Mannu, Po: Portoscuso, Pa: Paringianu, Ba: Barbusi, Ge: Gennangertu.
Fig. 3 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 3. Map of the sampling area of rock-rose (Cistus monspeliensis L.) ecotypes located on Sardenia Island, Italy. The sampling areas are colored as follows: red (North), green (Central); blue (South). North:Cardeu (Ca), Gutturu mannu (Gu), Portoscuso (Po), Seui (Se) and Su Dominariu (Su), south: Barbusi (Ba), Gennargentu (Ge), Mandas (Ma), and Paringianu (Pa). Central area: Foresta Fontanamela (Fo). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 2. Average standard error variation for the buckets of 1 H NMR spectra from ten ecotypes of Cistus monspeliensis L.
Fig. 1 in Metabolic variation in Cistus monspeliensis L. ecotypes correlated to their plant-fungal interactions
Fig. 1. Basic chemical structures of labdane and clerodane, and 1H NMR spectra of the leaves of Cistus monspeliensis obtained from (A) Foresta fontanamela and (B) Gennangertu in the range of δ 0.7 - δ 1.5 (600 MHz, CH3OH-d4). a: H-18 of labdane at (δ 0.81, s), b: H-20 of labdane (δ 0.83, s), c: H-19 of labdane (δ 0.87, s), d: H-17 of a labdane with a hydroxyl group at C-8 (δ 1.10, s), e: H-16 of labdane at δ 0.94 (d, J = 6.8 Hz), f: H-17 of clerodane (δ 0.77, s), g: H-20 of clerodane (δ 0.80, s), h: H-16 of clerodane (δ 0.97, d, J = 6.7 Hz), i: H-19 of a clerodane (δ 1.11).
Data for manuscript "Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria"
<p>Data and scripts related to the manuscript "Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria" by Matthews et al. 2023</p>
Pilot Study of Metformin in HNSCC to Investigate the Effects of MF, Tumor Genotype and MF-genotype Interactions, on Tumor Metabolism and Anoikis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02402348. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
An Interaction Study to Evaluate the Effect of Esomeprazole/Acetylsalicylic Acid on the Metabolism and Effect of Clopidogrel
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01210339. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Gastrointestinal Tolerability to Agavins and Impact on Host-gut Microbiota-metabolism Interactions Modulation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04555447. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Hormonal, Metabolic, and Signaling Interactions in PAH
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01884051. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
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