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84 results for “Metamorphism”
Data from: Metamorphism as the cause of bone alteration in the Jarrow assemblage (Langsettian, Pennsylvanian) of Ireland
<p>The Jarrow assemblage is a Lagerstätte of Pennsylvanian tetrapods and fish preserved in the Leinster Coalfield, Ireland. Fossils from this site have an interesting taphonomy that is not observed in other Pennsylvanian coal swamp assemblages. The bone material of the Jarrow tetrapods has undergone alteration and eventual coalification – causing specimens to become poorly defined from the surrounding coal matrix. Bone alteration at Jarrow has traditionally been linked to early diagenesis. Here a multi-analytical approach, combining X-ray scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, micro-computed tomography and laser ablation quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, is used to investigate the origin of alteration within the Jarrow fossil specimens. Original bone morphology is no longer present, being replaced by bituminous material and sphalerite surrounded by tabular apatite (a morphology atypical of bone apatite). Direct U-Pb dating of this recrystallised apatite provides an age of 302 ± 11.4 Ma. In recrystallised apatite, zonation in halogen elements, variably positive and negative Eu-anomalies and depletion in LREE suggest an influence of hydrothermal fluids sourced during the maturation of the Leinster Coalfield. A new taphonomic model for the Jarrow assemblage is proposed: alteration of primary fossil bone occurred primarily due to burial heating of the Leinster Coalfield caused by Variscan deformation. Bone apatite was dissolved and then recrystalised as tabular crystals in a void followed by the mineralisation of sphalerite and bituminous material within the bone giving the Jarrow assemblage fossils their unique appearance. </p>
Thermal evolution of the metamorphism in the eastern Taiwan Central Range: implications for Yuli Belt exhumation
<p>The Yuli Belt exposed in the eastern part of Taiwan’s Central Range hosts slivers of blueschist-facies meta-igneous rocks that were tectonically emplaced into a mostly greenschist-facies, polyphase deformed metasedimentary succession. Suturing the Eurasian continental plate, the subducted South China Sea plate, the proposed subducted forarc basement, and the Luzon Island arc of the Philippine Sea Plate, the Yuli Belt is a key site for understanding the geodynamic reconstruction of the Taiwan orogeny. In this paper, we reinvestigated the tectonic evolution of the Yuli Belt. The Yuli Belt of the eastern Taiwan Central Range encloses high pressure (HP) mafic–ultramafic blocks and hosts intensely deformed greenschist-facies metasediments. It is still debated if the Chulai Formation to the east is part of the Yuli Belt. To solve this problem, we provide new maximum metamorphic temperature in both units using Raman spectroscopic geo-thermometry in relation to structural deformation. The new peak metamorphic temperatures compiled with published data support systematic spatial variations across the eastern Taiwan Central Range. The Yuli Belt shows peak temperatures of ca. 400°C~550°C higher than those of adjacent units. Temperatures >500°C in the Yuli Belt are close to three HP blocks. The temperature difference between the Yuli Belt and Chulai Formation reaches over 100°C. It is likely that the contact between both units is a fault and that they underwent the same deformation history after its E-vergent backfolding phase. The new peak metamorphic temperatures compiled with published data support systematic spatial variations across the eastern Taiwan Central Range. A revised geological map was generated by the incorporation of new structural data of the metasediments from several river-transects in the eastern Central Range.</p>
Application of AlphaFold on metamorphic proteins - dataset
<p>The dataset comprises a set of five structures of metamorphic proteins used for the study.</p>
Oligocene–Miocene exhumation of the Pinaleño metamorphic core complex, southeastern Arizona: support for magmatism and plate margin reorganization as controls on regional exhumation trends
<p>We present thermochronology data from igneous and metamorphic rock samples collected from the Pinale<strong>ñ</strong>o Mountains, southeast Arizona, U.S.A. Our interpretations of the data are described and discussed in a paper in the journal Tectonics, titled “Oligocene–Miocene exhumation of the Pinaleño metamorphic core complex, southeastern Arizona: support for magmatism and plate margin reorganization as controls on regional exhumation trends.” New data include biotite and white mica Ar/Ar analyses, apatite fission track analyses, apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He analyses, and zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He analyses. The data were used for inverse HeFTy modeling and forward radiation damage and annealing modeling (RDAAM) to investigate time-temperature histories. The data set comprises a table summarizing the results of Ar/Ar analyses (Table S1), a table with the detailed results of zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology (Table S2), a table with the detailed results of apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology (Table S3), a table summarizing the results of apatite fission track analyses, including radial plots (Table S4), and a table summarizing the input data and constraints used for inverse modeling.</p>
Data set for "Protracted localization of metamorphism and deformation in a heterogeneous lower-crustal shear zone"
<p>Electron micro probe raw data used in the publication: "Protracted localization of metamorphism and deformation in a heterogeneous lower-crustal shear zone" (Zertani et al., 2023).</p> <p>Zertani, S., Menegon, L., Pennacchioni, G., Buisman, I., Corfu, F., Jamtveit, B. (2023). Protracted localization of metamorphism and deformation in a heterogeneous lower-crustal shear zone. Journal of Structural Geology, 104960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2023.104960</p>
Data from: Metamorphism as the cause of bone alteration in the Jarrow assemblage (Langsettian, Pennsylvanian) of Ireland
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
An Experimental Study on Applying Metamorphic Testing in Machine Learning Applications
<p>Machine learning techniques have been successfully employed in various areas and, in particular, for the development of healthcare applications, aiming to support in more effective and faster diagnostics (such as cancer diagnosis). However, machine learning models may present uncertainties and errors. Errors in the training process, classification, and evaluation can generate incorrect results and, consequently, to wrong clinical decisions, reducing the professionals' confidence in the use of such techniques. Similar to other application domains, the quality should be guaranteed to produce more reliable models capable of assisting health professionals in their daily activities. Metamorphic testing can be an interesting option to validate machine learning applications. Using this testing approach is possible to define relationships that define changes to be made in the application's input data to identify faults. This paper presents an experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of metamorphic testing to validate machine learning applications. A Machine learning application to verify breast cancer diagnostic was developed, using an available dataset composed of 569 samples whose data were taken from breast cancer images, and used as the software under test, in which the metamorphic testing was applied. The results indicate that metamorphic testing can be an alternative to support the validation of machine learning applications.</p>
"Pressure-to-depth conversion models for metamorphic rocks: derivation and applications" (Supplementary material and Figures)
<p>Supporting Information and Figures associated to the paper entitled: "Pressure-to-depth conversion models for metamorphic rocks: derivation and applications" by A. Bauville and P. Yamato. (Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems).</p> <p>These links allow to download:</p> <p>- The figures of the paper in .pdf format</p> <p>- The scripts used to generate the figures</p> <p>- The supporting information file.</p> <p>Please, contact A. Bauville for additional information.</p>
Thermal regime and petrologic metamorphism in Alaska: Implications for subduction interface and wedge earthquakes
<p>Characterized by repeated large earthquakes, slow slips, and tectonic tremors with their simultaneous release of large amounts of energy, the unstable subduction interface beneath Alaska presents a chance to understand the composite dynamic transition from deep to shallow subduction channel where these enigmatic fault slips and seismic events occur. The complex subducted slab morphology associated with the frequent occurrence of various types of faulting behaviors in Alaska is poorly understood. Our result shows that the subduction of the Pacific plate and the subsequent release of large amounts of fluid likely contribute to the repeated fast and slow earthquakes there, as evidenced by the petrological metamorphic transition in the incoming plate. The offshore Alaska seismogenic zone, as well as the slow earthquakes identified near the Upper Cook Inlet, compare well with the distribution of slab dehydration slivers, including large destructive earthquakes that have occurred in Alaska. The fluid upwelling from dewatered oceanic crust and the continental wedge serpentinizing is probably related to various transportation pathways controlled by dip angle and upwell in the predominant direction following the subduction channel or veins in the overriding lithosphere.</p>
Eocene Metamorphism and Anatexis in the Kathmandu Klippe, central Nepal: Implications for early crustal thickening and initial rise of the Himalaya
<p><strong>Rock samples were collected in Kathmandu Nepal in summer of 2016 and 2017. The monazite trace elements and ages data were analyzed at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences by Gautam Prashad Khanal and Jia-Min Wang in 2019.</strong></p>
Slab metamorphism and interface earthquakes in Peru: implications for along-strike fluid content and seismotectonic variation
<p>Evidenced by a typically shallow subducted thick mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) layer that dominates the subducting Nazca plate and a significant lack of arc magmatism, the Peruvian megathrust remain enigmatic in thermal regime and petrological metamorphism. Thermally controlled slab dehydration in the incoming plate may facilitate fluids release and migration which possibly causes fault instability and seismic and aseismic slips. We find that (1) the eclogitization of the MORB layer and the harzburgitization of the ultramafic layer, and the subsequent dehydration embrittlement probably affect interface seismicity in Peru; (2) the subduction of the Nazca Ridge separates southern Peru from north-central Peru, leading to a MORB-dominant oceanic lithosphere beneath Peru associated with an aseismic interface at depth and a lack of arc magmatism; (3) slab dehydration of >0.01 wt%/km accompanied by temperatures of 300-600°C possibly affect the occurrence of earthquakes and slips distributed on the hydrated interface. The along-strike fluid content variation possibly interprets the forearc seismotectonic segmentation associated with pore fluid pressure variation on megathrusts.</p>
Data from: Brain plasticity over the metamorphic boundary: carry-over effect of larval environment on froglet brain development
Brain development shows high plasticity in response to environmental heterogeneity. However, it is unknown how environmental variation during development may affect brain architecture across life history switch points in species with complex life cycles. Previously, we showed that predation and competition affect brain development in common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles. Here, we studied if larval environment had carry-over effects in brains of metamorphs. Tadpoles grown at high density had large optic tecta at metamorphosis, while tadpoles grown under predation risk had small diencephala. We found that larval density had a carry-over effect on froglet optic tectum size, while the effect of larval predation risk had vanished by metamorphosis. We discuss the possibility that the observed changes may be adaptive, reflecting the needs of an organism in given environmental and developmental contexts.
Data from: Hindered and constrained: limited potential for thermal adaptation in post-metamorphic and adult Rana temporaria along elevational gradients
Adaptation to warming climates could counteract the effects of global warming. Thus, understanding how species cope with contrasting climates may inform us about their potential for thermal adaptation and which processes may hamper that ability (e.g. evolutionary trade-offs, phenology, or behavioural thermoregulation). In addition to temperature, time constraints may also exert important selective pressures. Here we compare the thermal sensitivity of locomotion of metamorphic and adult European common frogs (Rana temporaria) originating from populations along an elevational gradient. We employed the template mode of variation (TMV) analysis to decompose the thermal sensitivity of locomotion and explore the existence of trade-offs ('hotter is better' and 'specialist-generalist') and the degree of local adaptation. To that end, we studied the relationship between TMV parameters and local environmental conditions. Further, we compared preferred temperatures to assess whether behavioral thermoregulation could dampen the effects of thermal variation, reducing the intensity of selection and limiting thermal adaptation (i.e. 'Bogert effect'). We suggest that behavioral thermoregulation has promoted the conservatism of thermal sensitivity in R. temporaria. Yet, we observed a trend towards narrower thermal niches shifted towards warmer temperature in populations with severe temporal constraints, conforming to the 'generalist-specialist' trade-off. Apparently, this enables time-constrained populations – especially in the case of metamorphs – to effectively exploit resources during the warmest periods. The limited potential of R. temporaria for thermal adaptation suggests that forecasts of global warming should incorporate thermoregulation and explore its potential to buffer species from rising temperatures.
Data from: Correlated evolution of phenotypic plasticity in metamorphic timing
Phenotypic plasticity has long been a focus of research, but the mechanisms of its evolution remain controversial. Many amphibian species exhibit a similar plastic response in metamorphic timing in response to multiple environmental factors; therefore, more than one environmental factor has likely influenced the evolution of plasticity. However, it is unclear whether the plastic responses to different factors have evolved independently. In this study, we examined the relationship between the plastic responses to two experimental factors (water level and food type) in larvae of the salamander Hynobius retardatus, using a cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model on the time to completion of metamorphosis. Larvae from ephemeral ponds metamorphosed earlier than those from permanent ponds when kept at a low water level or fed conspecific larvae instead of larval Chironomidae. This acceleration of metamorphosis depended only on the permanency of the larvae's pond of origin, but not on the conspecific larval density (an indicator of the frequency of cannibalism) in the ponds. The two plastic responses were significantly correlated, indicating that they may evolve correlatively. Once plasticity evolved as an adaptation to habitat desiccation, it might have relatively easily become a response to other ecological factors, such as food type via the pre-existing developmental pathway.
Fluid-driven mass transfer during retrograde metamorphism and exhumation of the UHP Western Gneiss Region terrane, Norway
<p>This dataset contains supplementary files for the published manuscript entitled "Fluid-driven mass transfer during retrograde metamorphism and exhumation of the UHP Western Gneiss Region terrane, Norway."</p>
Dataset for "MarMot: Metamorphic Runtime Monitoring of Autonomous Driving Systems"
<p>This is the dataset used in the paper "MarMot: Metamorphic Runtime Monitoring of Autonomous<br> Driving Systems".</p>
Larval and metamorph traits of cane toads
<p><span>As an invasive organism spreads into a novel environment, it may encounter strong selective pressures to adapt to abiotic challenges. We examined the effect of water temperature during larval life on rates of survival and growth of the early life-history stages of cane toads (<i>Rhinella marina</i>) from two geographic regions (tropical vs. temperate) in the species' invaded range in eastern Australia. If local adaptation at the southern (cool-climate) invasion front has extended the cold-tolerance of early life-stages, we would expect to see higher viability of southern-population toads under cooler conditions. Our comparisons revealed no such divergence: the effects of water temperature on rates of larval survival and growth, time to metamorphosis, size at metamorphosis and locomotor performance of metamorphs were similar in both sets of populations. In two cases where tropical and temperate-zone populations diverged in responses to temperature, the tropical animals performed better at low to medium temperatures than did conspecifics from cooler regions. Adaptation to low temperatures in the south might be constrained by behavioural shifts (e.g., in reproductive seasonality, spawning-site selection) that allow toads to breed in warmer water even in cool climates, by gene flow from warmer-climate populations, or by phylogenetic conservatism in these traits.</span></p>
On the Cost-Effectiveness of Composite Metamorphic Relations for Testing Deep Learning Systems
<p>This is the replication package of our paper "On the Cost-Effectiveness of Composite Metamorphic Relations for Testing Deep Learning Systems" published at the Metamorphic Testing Workshop (MET).</p>
Methner et al., "Triple Oxygen Isotope Paleoaltimetry of the Kettle Metamorphic Core Complex (WA, USA)"
<p>Data set to Methner et al., "Triple Oxygen Isotope Paleoaltimetry of the Kettle Metamorphic Core Complex (WA, USA)" submitted to Tectonics</p>
The composite metamorphic sequence in the Jiajika gneiss dome, Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt, eastern Tibet: P–T–D–t evolution and implications for lithium mineralization
<p>This is the dataset for "The composite metamorphic sequence in the Jiajika gneiss dome, Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt, eastern Tibet: P–T–D–t evolution and implications for lithium mineralization". The dataset includes EMPA, whole-rock major elements, and geochronological data.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.