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Fig. 1 in Taxonomy of some Galeommatoidea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) associated with deep-sea echinoids: A reassessment of the bivalve genera Axinodon Verrill & Bush, 1898 and Kelliola Dall, 1899 with descriptions of new genera Syssitomya gen. nov. and Ptilomyax gen. nov.

Fig. 1. Holotype of Axinodon symmetros Verrill & Bush, 1898, USNM 35175. A-B. SEM of hinges of right and left valves. C-D. SEM of internal of right and left valves. E. Photo micrograph of internal of right valve. F-G. SEM of external of right and left valves. H. SEM of prodissoconch.

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Fig. 2 in Taxonomy of some Galeommatoidea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) associated with deep-sea echinoids: A reassessment of the bivalve genera Axinodon Verrill & Bush, 1898 and Kelliola Dall, 1899 with descriptions of new genera Syssitomya gen. nov. and Ptilomyax gen. nov.

Fig. 2. Holotype of Kellia symmetros Jeffreys, 1876, USNM 170626. A-B. SEM of hinges of right and left valves. C-D. SEM of internal of right and left valves. E-F SEM of external of right and left valves. G-H. photo micrographs of internal and external of right valve.

FIG. 16. — A in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 16. — A, Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp., paratype, coll. STA, 13.22 mm, Brač Is., Croatia; B, R. echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 3, 12.7 mm, Le Grau du Roi, France; C, R. echinata AA. - morphotype 4, 9.2 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; D, E, R. echinata AA. - morphotype 2: D, 18.3 mm, Sevid, Croatia; E, 9.55 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; F, G, R. echinata AA. - morphotype 5: F, 9.4 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; G, 8.0 mm, Alboran Sea, Spain. Scale bars: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: E, F, Kontadakis.

FIG. 13. — A in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 13. — A, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm; B, Raphitoma cordieri (Payraudeau, 1826), 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy; C, after Brocchi (1814: fig. 3), 19.0 mm; D, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm; E, Raphitoma echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM).

FIG. 12. — A, B in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 12. — A, B, live specimens of Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp.: A, Sukošan, depth 3-5 m, 19.4 mm; B, Biograd, depth 2 m, 16.1 mm. Photos courtesy: A. Petani.

FIG. 11 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 11. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp., Brač Island, paratype 13, MNHN, 12.4 mm: A, dorsal view of protoconch; B, detail of microgranules; C-D, apical and frontal view of protoconch; E, detail of transition from protoconch to teleoconch. Scale bars: A, C-E, 300 µm; B, 20 µm.

FIG. 10 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 10. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN-IM-2000-34890, 14.3 mm, Sukošan; B, paratype, coll. STA, 14.5 mm, Brač Is.; C, paratype, coll. RGS 120249, 16.1 mm, Sukošan; D, paratype, coll. PRK, 16.5 mm, Sukošan; E, paratype, coll. PUS 2801, 14.3 mm, Brač Is.; F, paratype, coll. PRK, 17.1 mm, Sukošan.

FIG. 8 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 8. — Raphitoma pusaterii Prkić & Giannuzzi-Savelli n. sp., Mljet Island: A, holotype, MNHN-IM-2000-34889, h = 8.75 mm; B, paratype, coll. RGS 120247, h = 7.35 mm; C, paratype, coll. PRK, h = 9.2 mm; D, paratype, coll. PRK, h = 7.2 mm; E, paratype, coll. RGS 120248, h = 6.8 mm; F, coll. RGS, h = 5.8 mm.

FIG. 6. — A-C in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 6. — A-C, Raphitoma petanii Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp., Stari Trogir, h = 8.05 mm, frontal view of shell (A), apical (B) and frontal (C) view of protoconch; D, E, Raphitoma densa (Monterosato, 1884), protoconch (D) and detail of microgranules at first teleoconch whorl (E). Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B-E, 200 µm.

FIG. 7 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 7. — Photographs of living animals of Raphitoma petanii Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp. (A, B) and Raphitoma densa (Monterosato, 1884) (C). A, Zaton, depth 1-2 m, h = 7.85 mm; B, Sukošan, depth 0.5-1 m, h = 12.45 mm; C, Vir Is., depth 1 m, h = 11.1 mm. Photos courtesy: A. Petani.

FIG. 5 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 5. — Raphitoma densa (Monterosato, 1884): A, Murter Is., coll. PRK, h = 11.3 mm; B, Biograd, coll. PRK, h = 10.2 mm; C, Vrsi, coll. PET, h = 11.55 mm; D, Vir Is., coll. PET, h = 11.0 mm; E, Murter Is., coll. PET, h = 11.6 mm; F, Sukošan, coll. PET, h = 10.75 mm; G, Vrsi, coll. PET, h = 10.0 mm; H, Zaton, coll. PET, h = 8.8 mm.

FIG. 3 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 3. — Raphitoma petanii Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp., Stari Trogir. A, holotype, MNHN-IM-2000-34887, h = 10.65 mm; B, paratype, coll. RGS 120245, h = 9.6 mm; C, paratype, MCZR-M-TYPE-00118, h = 9.25 mm; D, paratype, MNHN-IM-2000-34888, h = 9.3 mm; E, paratype, coll. PUS 2798, h = 9.7 mm; F, paratype, HPM 11500, h = 8.7 mm; G, paratype, MZB 60233, h = 8.2 mm.

FIG. 4 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 4. — Raphitoma petanii Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli & Pusateri n. sp.: A, Stari Trogir, paratype, coll. PRK, h = 11.05 mm; B, Stari Trogir, paratype, coll. RGS 120246, h = 11.8 mm; C, Stari Trogir, paratype coll. PET, h = 11.55 mm; D, Sukošan, coll. PET, h = 12.4 mm; E, Stari Trogir, paratype, coll. PRK, h = 12.05 mm; F, Biograd coll. PRK, h = 10.3 mm; G, Murter Is., coll. PRK, h = 10.3 mm; H, Stari Trogir, coll. RGS, h = 9.1 mm.

FIG. 2 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 2. — Measurements taken on protoconch of Raphitoma pusaterii Prkić & Giannuzzi-Savelli n. sp. Diameter of nucleus (D nuc. = 105 µm), diameter of first half-whorl (D ½ = 159 µm), diameter of first whorl (D 1 = 190 µm), maximum diameter (Max. D = 440 µm), number of whorls (PW = 3.6), number of whorls of protoconch 1 (PW 1 = 1.1). Scale bar: 200 µm.

FIG. 1 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 1. — Phylogenetic relationships (maximum likelihood topologies) among species of the genus Raphitoma (see Russini et al. 2020 for further details). Numbers at nodes are bootstrap supports after 1000 pseudoreplicates, and posterior probabilities after a Bayesian analysis on the same dataset; only values higher than 75% bootstrap support and 95% posterior probability are reported; black dots indicate nodes supported by 100% bootstrap and 1.0 posterior probability. A, ML analysis on the combined dataset (COI + 16S + 12S + ITS2); B, the histogram portraying the distribution of the pairwise genetic distances (K2p) among the COI sequences (red bars on the left are intraspecific comparisons, yellow bars on the right are interspecific comparisons); C, ML analysis on the ITS2 alignment.

FIG. 15 in Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)

FIG. 15. — Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814: A, lectotype, MCSNM i 5427; B, D, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428; C, E, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429. Photos courtesy: Martina Paolini (MCSNM).

Fig. 18 in Revision of the stygobiont gastropod genera Plagigeyeria Tomlin, 1930 and Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019 (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Moitessieriidae and Hydrobiidae) in Hercegovina and adjacent regions

Fig. 18. Localities of Plagigeyeria species in Hercegovina and adjacent regions and the most likely distribution range of the known species within the related aquifers (colour blotches) and sampling localities (dots with numbers). Freshwater springs are in circles and brackish or submarine springs are as marked by diamonds, arrows show main karst conduits and locality numbers are according to the legend from Fig. 1.

Fig. 15. A in Revision of the stygobiont gastropod genera Plagigeyeria Tomlin, 1930 and Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019 (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Moitessieriidae and Hydrobiidae) in Hercegovina and adjacent regions

Fig. 15. A. Travunijana robusta (Schütt, 1959), Trebinje, Izvor Tučevac, SBMNH 626406. B. Travunijana robusta (Schütt, 1959), Trebinje, Vrelo Vruljak 1, SBMNH 625919. C. Travunijana robusta asculpta (Schütt, 1972), Croatia, Dubrovnik, Komolac, Izvor Ombla, SBMNH 625896. D. Travunijana gloeri sp. nov., Bjeljani, Dabarsko Polje, Vrelo Vrijeka, paratype SBMNH 632722. Scale bars = 1mm. (SEM SBMNH Vanessa Delnavaz).

Fig. 17 in Revision of the stygobiont gastropod genera Plagigeyeria Tomlin, 1930 and Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019 (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Moitessieriidae and Hydrobiidae) in Hercegovina and adjacent regions

Fig. 17. Karst aquifers of Hercegovina and their estimated delimitations to drainage basins. As most to the karst aquifers in Hercegovina are represented by subterranean karst conduits, it is difficult to exactly set the watersheds. The subterranean drainage divides in this map were estimated based on our recent knowledge about the geology, hydrogeology and geomorphology. The boundaries are unstable and strongly dependent on a dynamic system of particular water level alternations in each perched water table within the basin as well as on their particular saturation. The interim oversaturation in the particular basin could lead to water divergence to the neighbouring river basin. The supposed inter-basin water divergences at high water saturation are highlighted by blue arrows. Each drainage basin could be further divided to separate subterranean karst conduits, which could also represent a kind of particularly isolated habitat. Freshwater springs are in circles and brackish or submarine spring are as diamonds with locality numbers according to the legend from Figure 1.

Fig. 13 in Revision of the stygobiont gastropod genera Plagigeyeria Tomlin, 1930 and Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019 (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Moitessieriidae and Hydrobiidae) in Hercegovina and adjacent regions

Fig. 13. Historical type specimens of species of Plagigeyeria from Hercegovina and adjacent regions, currently transferred to the genus Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019. A. Plagigeyeria robusta Schütt, 1959, Hercegovina, spring Čepelica near Bileća, holotype (SMF 162833). B. P. klemmi Schütt, 1961, Croatia, spring Stenjevac south of Vrgorac, holotype (SMF 164344). C. P. tribunicae Schütt, 1963, Hercegovina, spring Trebišnjica near Bileća, holotype (SMF 168968). D. P. edlaueri Schütt, 1961, Hercegovina, spring Sopot Mlin in Svitavsko Blato, holotype (SMF 164342). E. P. angelovi Schütt, 1972, Croatia, spring Ombla (Rijeka Dubrovačka) in Komolac, holotype (SMF 221242). F. P. nitida Schütt, 1963, Hercegovina, spring Sopot Mlin in Svitavsko Blato, holotype (SMF 168970).