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Fig. 77 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 77. Morphology of the incisive foramina and the posterior palate in Proechimys guyannensis (A, AMNH 266595) and P. cuvieri (B, AMNH 266592). Whereas the bony septum that separates the right and left incisive foramina is usually incomplete in P. guyannensis, the septum is always complete in P. cuvieri. Additionally, the incisive foramina of P. cuvieri are usually constricted posteriorly by welldeveloped lateral flanges of the maxillary bone, the posterior palate often has a prominent median keel, and the mesopterygoid fossa is typically broad and shallow. By contrast, the bony relief of the posterior palate is less prominent in most specimens of P. guyannensis, in which the mesopterygoid fossa is often narrower, more acutely angled, and penetrates farther between the toothrows. Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 76 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 76. Frequency histogram of maxillary toothrow length (MTR) for all measured French Guianan specimens of Proechimys (N = 72; see text).
Fig. 78 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 78. Morphology of the floor of the infraorbital foramen in French Guianan Proechimys, illustrating alternative conditions of the canal for the infraorbital nerve scored as character states in table 46. A, Floor of infraorbital foramen smooth, without nerve canal (P. cuvieri [AMNH 266572] scored as ''1''); B, nerve canal present, defined
Fig. 81 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 81. Results of nonvolant mammal sampling at Paracou from 1991 to 1994, where we recorded a total of 50 species in 202 days using all direct methods of nonvolant faunal inventory (trapping, hunting/census, and miscellaneous; table 48). ''Minimum known diversity'' (64 species) includes the additional records obtained by previous researchers in our study area, together with secondhand observations that we documented by interviewing local residents.
Fig. 90 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 90. Species richness comparisons for higherlevel clades at three Neotropical rainforest sites. For each clade, bar height indicates the number of species at La Selva (L), Paracou (P), and Manu (M); percentages above each bar indicate the relative contribution of those species to the entire nonvolant fauna at each site. Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla are combined as Ungulata, Rodentia and Lagomorpha as Glires.
Fig. 98 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 98. The Guiana subregion of Amazonia as traditionally delimited by the Orinoco, the Rio Negro, and the lower Amazon; an arrow indicates the Casiquiare Canal, which connects the headwaters of the Orinoco and the Rio Negro in southern Venezuela. Closed circles (c) show inventory sites and other collecting localities with typically Guianan rainforest mammal faunas; triangles (Δ) show localities with faunas that include many allochthonous (nonGuianan) species of rainforest mammals. Geographic coordinates and references (which list museum collections where voucher specimens are preserved) for Cunucunuma, Imataca, Kartabo, and Manaus (= MCSE Reserves) are provided in table 55. Equivalent information about three other localities is available in the literature: Esmeralda (Tate, 1939; Handley, 1976), Boca Mavaca (Handley, 1976), and Neblina Base Camp (Gardner, 1988). Collections from Dadanawa (2°50̍N, 59°30̍W) are in the ROM and USNM. Collections from Locksie Hattie (5°10̍N, 55°28̍W) are in the FMNH. Collections from the vicinity of Faro (2°11̍S, 56°44̍W) are in the AMNH. Collections that we examined from the Serra do Navio (0°59̍N, 52°03̍W) are in the USNM.
Fig. 96 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 96. Results of biogeographic analyses of 14 rainforest bat faunas (see Simmons and Voss [1998: table 75] for geographic coordinates and other locality information). Solid contours enclose groups obtained from UPGMA clustering by Jaccard's coefficient of faunal similarity that were also recovered with Ź50% bootstrap support from a parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE; see text for explanation). Broken contours show UPGMA similarity clusters that receive <50% bootstrap support from PAE. Paracou and Piste St.Élie (an adjacent inventory site in northern French Guiana) were treated as separate terminals (OTUs) in both analyses, but are here combined for visual clarity. The raw (presence/absence) data on which both clustering and PAE were based are those tabulated by Simmons and Voss (1998: appendix 2) with the corrections noted in table 62 of this report.
Fig. 75 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 75. Dorsal, ventral, and left lateral views of the skull of AMNH 266566, neotype of Cavia acouchy Erxleben, 1777 (= Myoprocta acouchy). All views approximately Χ1.3.
Fig. 92 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 92. Species accumulation curves for all mammals at three Neotropical rainforest inventory sites (see fig. 88). Persondays were calculated by multiplying the number of inventory workers by the number of productive field days at each site (excluding dates when no sampling occurred). The Paracou curve is from our first (1991) field season, when we used the same methods as those employed at the other localities (primarily groundlevel mistnetting, searching for bat roosts, conventional trapping, and hunting/census). The Xingu curve represents collections and sight records made by USNM personnel near their base camp from 13 August to 23 October 1986 (collections at other sites up and downriver are excluded; see Voss and Emmons, 1996: appendix 8). The Balta curve represents collections made by A. L. Gardner and J. L. Patton from 1966 to 1971, but omits miscellaneous specimens obtained at the same locality by other researchers not continuously engaged in mammal inventory work (see Voss and Emmons, 1996: appendix 9).
Fig. 86 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 86. Results of pitfall trapping at Paracou, where 45 captures representing 12 species of marsupials and rodents were recorded with 2783 bucketnights of effort in 1993.
Fig. 72 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 72. Fenestration of the bony roof of the mesopterygoid fossa in typical examples of Myoprocta acouchy (A, AMNH 266566) and M. pratti (B, FMNH 125085). The sphenopalatine vacuities (spv) are usually present only as narrow (<1 mm) slits in the bony roof of the mesopterygoid fossa of M. acouchy, but in M. pratti these fenestrae are wider, teardropshaped apertures.
Fig. 73 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 73. Geographic range of Myoprocta acouchy based on specimens examined. 1, BRAZIL, Amapa´, Serra do Navio; 2, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Boca Rio Piratucu; 3, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Lago do Baptista; 4, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Lago do Serpa; 5, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Lower Solimões; 6, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Santo Antonio do Amatari; 7, BRAZIL, Para´, Colonia do Veado; 8, BRAZIL, Para´, Faro; 9, BRAZIL, Para´, Monte Alegre; 10, Para´, Cachoeira Porteira; 11, Roraima, Conceição; 12, BRAZIL, Roraima, Serra Grande; 13, FRENCH GUIANA, Paracou; 14, FRENCH GUIANA, Saut Macaque; 15, FRENCH GUIANA, St.Laurent du Maroni; 16, FRENCH GUIANA, Tamanoir; 17, GUYANA, Cuyuni Mazaruni, Kartabo; 18, GUYANA, PomeroonSupenaam, Supinaam River; 19, GUYANA, PotaroSiparuni, Potaro; 20, GUYANA, Upper DemeraraBerbice, Moraballi; 21, GUYANA, Upper Takutu Upper Essequibo, Dadanawa; 22, SURINAM, Brokopondo, Locksie Hattie; 23, SURINAM, Marowijne, Paloemeu Camp; 24, SURINAM, Nickerie, Kaiserberg Airstrip; 25, SURINAM, Nickerie, Wilhelmina Mountains.
Fig. 71 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 71. Unvouchered photographs of living Coendou melanurus (top) and C. prehensilis (bottom, not to same scale) from Petit Saut, French Guiana (ca. 28 km SSW Paracou). Both animals are alarmed, so the pale bases of their erected quills are exposed. When C. melanurus is not alarmed and defensive, its short bicolored (blacktipped) quills are hidden beneath a dense coat of long fur (see fig. 67). By contrast, the large tricolored (whitetipped) quills of C. prehensilis are always visible because the short sparse fur of this species is concealed among the quill bases. Also note the diagnostically bulging forehead and swollen muzzle of C. prehensilis, and the equally diagnostic blackish caudal bristles of C. melanurus. From color transparencies by J.C. Vie´.
Fig. 67 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 67. External morphology of Coendou melanurus (left, AMNH 266565) and C. insidiosus (right, AMNH 90119). Although these species are similar in possessing short bicolored quills concealed by long fur, C. melanurus has a much longer tail relative to headandbody length, and its coarse blackish dorsal fur is heavily streaked with yellow or whitetipped guard hairs; the caudal bristles (covering the tail between its furry base and naked prehensile tip) are jet black. By contrast, C. insidiosus is relatively shortertailed and has softer smokygray (or whitish) dorsal fur without contrastingly colored guard hairs; the caudal bristles are brownish, not black. Both views approximately Χ0.3.
Fig. 66 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 66. Geographic range of Coendou melanurus based on specimens examined and literature records. 1, BRAZIL, Amapa´, Serra do Navio; 2, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus; 3, BRAZIL, Para´, Lago Claimy; 4, FRENCH GUIANA, Paracou; 5, FRENCH GUIANA, St.Laurent du Maroni; 6, GUYANA, DemeraraMahaica, Georgetown; 7, GUYANA, CuyuniMazaruni, Kartabo; 8, GUYANA, Upper TakutuUpper Essequibo, 25 mi E Dadanawa; 9, GUYANA, Upper TakutuUpper Essequibo, Nappi Creek; 10, SURINAM, Brokopondo, Afobaka (Husson, 1978); 11, SURINAM, Suriname, Paramaribo (Husson, 1978); 12, VENEZUELA, Amazonas, Sierra Parima (Linares, 1998); 13, VENEZUELA, Bolívar, Imataca (Ochoa, 1995); 14, VENEZUELA, Delta Amacuro, Delta del Orinoco (Linares, 1998).
Fig. 59 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 59. Frequency histogram of upper molar toothrow length (LM) for 66 specimens of small Oecomys collected in the Guiana subregion of Amazonia. This sample includes material that we identify as O. rutilus (including Paracou vouchers and other conspecific specimens listed in the text) and O. bicolor (see text footnote 16).
Fig. 54 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 54. Known collection localities for Oecomys auyantepui based on specimens examined. 1, BRAZIL, Amapa´, Serra do Navio; 2, BRAZIL, Amazonas, 80 km N Manaus; 3, FRENCH GUIANA, Arataye; 4, FRENCH GUIANA, Iracoubo; 5, FRENCH GUIANA, Paracou; 6, FRENCH GUIANA, St. Eugène; 7, FRENCH GUIANA, Trois Sauts; 8, GUYANA, CuyuniMazaruni, Kartabo; 9, GUYANA, PotaroSiparuni, 5 km SE Surama; 10, GUYANA, Upper DemeraraBerbice, 18 km SE Kwakwani; 11, GUYANA, Upper DemeraraBerbice, Tropenbos; 12, VENEZUELA, Bolívar, Auyantepui.
Fig. 51 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 51. Pitfall trapline that captured Neusticomys oyapocki in creekside primary forest at Paracou. This trapline roughly paralleled the small stream illustrated in figure 9, which was only about 10 m to the right of this view.
Fig. 50 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 50. Known collection localities of lowland species of Neusticomys based on specimens examined and the literature (see citations in footnotes to table 26). 1a, FRENCH GUIANA, Paracou; 1b, FRENCH GUIANA, St.Eugène; 2, FRENCH GUIANA, Trois Sauts; 3, GUYANA, CuyuniMazaruni, Kartabo; 4, PERU, Ucayali, Balta; 5, PERU, Madre de Dios, Pakitza; 6, VENEZUELA, Amazonas, Cerro Duida; 7, VENEZUELA, Bolívar, Los Pijiguaos; 8, VENEZUELA, Bolívar, San Ignacio Yuruanı´; 9, VENEZUELA, Sucre, Río Neverı´; 10, VENEZUELA, Táchira, 14 km SE Pregonero.
Fig. 48 in The Mammals Of Paracou, French Guiana: A Neotropical Lowland Rainforest Fauna Part 2. Nonvolant Species
Fig. 48. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull of Neusticomys oyapocki (AMNH 267597). Scale bar = 10 mm.
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