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153 results for “Non–native species”
FIG. 1 in Terrestrial macro-arthropods of the sub-Antarctic islands of Possession (Crozet Archipelago) and Kerguelen: inventory of native and non-native species
FIG. 1. — The South Indian Ocean sub-Antarctic islands, with details of Kerguelen Island (A) and Possession Island (B, in Crozet archipelago). Modified from D. Fourcy, Inrae, 2020.
FIG. 3 in Terrestrial macro-arthropods of the sub-Antarctic islands of Possession (Crozet Archipelago) and Kerguelen: inventory of native and non-native species
FIG. 3. — Some indigeneous arthropod species: Arachnida: A, Hahnia crozetensis Hickman, 1939; B, Myro paucispinosus Berland, 1947; Coleptera: C, Ectemnorhinus viridis G. R. Waterhouse, 1853; D, Palirhoeus eatoni (C. O. Waterhouse, 1876); E, Amblystogenium pacificum (Putzeys, 1869); F, Meropathus chuni Enderlein, 1901; Diptera: G, Calycopteryx moseleyi Eaton, 1875; H, Anatalanta aptera Eaton, 1875. Photos: Bernard Chaubet.
FIG. 2 in Terrestrial macro-arthropods of the sub-Antarctic islands of Possession (Crozet Archipelago) and Kerguelen: inventory of native and non-native species
FIG. 2. — Some typical habitats of sub-Antarctic islands: A, wide open valley; B, wet coastal cliffs; C, slopes covered with Acaena magellanica; D, fell field; E, native vegetation; F, introduced vegetation; G, coastal slopes and foreshore; H, marine animal colonies. Photos: Maurice Hullé.
Data and Code supplement to: Effects of intraspecific variation in a native species´ phenology on its coexistence with non-native plants
<p>Data and code to generate the results of the paper published at Oikos "Effects of intraspecific variation in a native species´ phenology on its coexistence with non-native plants". </p> <p>Both R files can be independently run, and datasets include the raw data to generate the interaction coefficients according Lasthenia phenology or simulations to investigate the effect of intraspecific trait variation of Lasthenia population abundances. </p>
Macroinvertebrate habitat use and the cascading effects of a native and non-native species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Grazing by non-native ungulates negatively impacts vegetation important to a native species of concern
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Emerging risks of non-native species escapes from aquaculture: call for policy improvements in China and other developing countries
<p><span>1. Global aquaculture relies heavily on the farming of non-native aquatic species (hereafter, NAS). NAS escapes from aquaculture facilities can result in serious aquatic bio-invasions, which</span> has been <span>an important issue in the FAO <i>Blue Growth Initiative</i>. A r</span>egulatory quagmire regarding NAS farming and escapes, however, exists in most developing countries.</p> <p><span>2. We discuss aquaculture expansion and NAS escapes, illustrate emerging risks, and propose recommendations for improved aquaculture management</span> across developing countries and particularly for<span> China. </span></p> <p>3. <span>In </span>China<span>,</span> 68 NAS are known to have successfully established feral populations in natural habitats due to recurrent leakages or escapes; among the 68 NAS, 52<span> represent risks to native aquatic ecosystems. In addition to affecting a country's own biodiversity and ecosystem functions, NAS escapees can also threaten the </span>biosecurity<span> of shared waters in neighboring countries.</span></p> <p>4. <i>Policy implications</i>. <span>Non-native aquatic species (NAS) </span>escapes have already had adverse ecological effects in China and other developing countries. The importance of this problem, however, is not adequately recognized by current conservation policies in developing countries. To conserve biodiversity and to support the<span> goal of FAO's</span> sustainable aquaculture, developing countries <span>should now take responsible actions</span> to address NAS escapes <span>through policy and management improvements. Specifically, these</span> countries should pass comprehensive legislation, establish effective agencies and national standards and planning, and enhance integrated research and education to deal with risk assessment, prevention, monitoring, and control of <span>NAS</span> escapes. Given that China is the world's largest aquacultural producer, China can create a model for other developing countries that will increase the biosecurity and sustainability of global aquaculture.</p>
Data from: Sensitivity to AMF species is greater in late-successional than early-successional native or non-native grassland plants
Sensitivity of plant species to individual arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species is of primary importance to understanding the role of AM fungal diversity and composition in plant ecology. Currently, we do not have a predictive framework for understanding which plant species are sensitive to different AM fungal species. In two greenhouse studies, we tested for differences in plant sensitivity to different AM fungal species and mycorrhizal responsiveness across 17 grassland plant species of North America that varied in successional stage, native status, and plant family by growing plants with different AM fungal treatments including eight single AM fungal isolates, diverse mixtures of AM fungi, and non-inoculated controls. We found that late successional grassland plant species were highly responsive to AM fungi and exhibited stronger sensitivity in their response to individual AM fungal taxa compared to non-native or early successional native grassland plant species. We confirmed these results using a meta-analysis that included 13 experiments, 37 plant species, and 40 fungal isolates (from nine publications and two greenhouse experiments presented herein). Mycorrhizal responsiveness and sensitivity of response (i.e., variation in plant biomass response to different AM fungal taxa) did not differ by the source of fungal inocula (i.e., local or not local) or plant family. Sensitivity of plant response to AM fungal species was consistently correlated with the average mycorrhizal response of that plant species. This study identifies that AM fungal identity is more important to the growth of late successional plant species than early successional or non-native plant species, thereby predicting that AM fungal composition will be more important to plant community dynamics in late successional communities than in early successional or invaded plant communities.
Diversity, species coexistence, and functional composition patterns in subtropical Atlantic Forests invaded by non-native trees
<ol> <li>Biological invasions are a major environmental challenge today. Interactions between invasive and native species can significantly shape community structures, influencing co-existence, diversity, and functional composition of species. The subtropical Atlantic forest in southern Brazil, a recognized biodiversity hotspot, provides a unique setting to study these interactions, given its vulnerability to alien tree invasions. </li> <li>Our study sought to elucidate the impacts of such invasions on this fragile ecosystem by addressing key questions: 1) How are tree community diversity patterns affected by the abundance of invading alien tree species? 2) What are the patterns of coexistence between native and alien invasive trees? 3) Is the functional composition of the forests altered by the abundance of invasive trees?</li> <li>To address these questions, we compiled data on the abundance and functional traits of native and invasive trees. We determined the diversity patterns and functional composition of plots with different degrees of invasion. These data were analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models, Principal Component Analysis, and a coexistence index.</li> <li>In plots with a higher abundance of invasive trees, there was a significant decrease in the taxonomic and functional richness of native species. Furthermore, we observed that invasive alien trees coexisted with native species, and as the abundance of invasive trees increased, the native community weighted mean (CWM) of the leaf area and specific leaf area decreased.</li> <li>In conclusion, within the subtropical Atlantic forest areas of southern Brazil, our findings highlight that the abundance of invasive trees adversely affects the taxonomic and functional richness of native species. Furthermore, while invasive alien trees were found to coexist with native species, increased invasive abundance corresponded to a reduction in the leaf area and the specific leaf area of the native community.</li> </ol>
Data from: Warming had contrasting effects on the importance of facilitative interactions with a cushion nurse species on native and non-native species in the high-Andes of central Chile
<p>Alpine habitats are regarded as particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. On one hand, global warming is supposed to contributes to alpine environments becoming less stressful. On the other hand, altered snowpack due to warmer temperatures can intensify the stress in these habitats. The presence of non-native plants on some of these habitats is due to the facilitative effects exerted by native nurse plants, becoming an additional threat. According to the stress gradient hypothesis the importance of facilitative interactions with nurse species is expected to diminish as environmental harshness decreases due to climate change, yet remains important if climate change heightens the stress in alpine habitats. However, the responses also depend on climate change's impact on the nurse species. We conducted an experimental warming experiment in the Andes of the central Chile to assess the effects of warmer temperatures on the growth, reproduction and photochemical efficiency of the cushion nurse plant Azorella madreporica. Further we performed a cushion removal experiment involving three native species (Gamocarpha ventosa, Nocaccea magellanica and Rytidosperma pictum) and two non-native species (Cerastium arvense and Taraxacum officinale) to assess whether facilitative interactions changed with warming. We expected that under warmer conditions facilitation continued be important for the native species but decreased for the non-natives as the latter are abundant at warmer low elevations. We found that warmer conditions increased the photochemical efficiency and growth of the nurse cushions. Removal of cushions resulted in high mortality rates for all species. However, under warmer conditions, native species exhibited lower survival rates, whereas non-natives showed no significant changes compared to control groups. In summary, warmer temperatures were beneficial for the nurses maintaining the importance of facilitative interactions for native species, but not for the non-natives.</p>
Non-native species drive biotic homogenization, but it depends on the realm, beta diversity facet and study design: A meta-analytic systematic review
<p>While reducing the species richness of invaded communities is a well-known consequence of biological invasions, non-native species can also reduce variability between communities over time (i.e., beta diversity) in a process known as biotic homogenization. Although biotic homogenization due to non-native species is a common topic of theoretical reviews, we believe no global meta-analysis on the effect of non-native species on beta diversity has been carried out yet. Here, we systematically show that non-native species drive biotic homogenization, but it depends on the realm, beta diversity facet and study design. Biotic homogenization was more intense in marine and freshwater ecosystems than in terrestrial ecosystems. We also found that non-native species reduced both taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity, but not the functional beta diversity. Finally, we observed more intense effects using "before vs. after invasion" followed by "uninvaded vs. invaded sites" while the effect size of studies using "communities associated with native vs. non-native species" did not differ from zero. Our findings highlight that non-native species contribute to biotic homogenization as a prevalent pattern in communities worldwide, and that biodiversity conservation strategies should go beyond investigating the reduction in the number of species by also taking into account beta diversity in its multiple facets.</p>
New non-native pseudocryptic Cyclorhipidion species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) found in the United States as revealed in a multigene phylogeny
<p>Pseudocryptic species, those that are difficult to diagnose using traditional taxonomic methods, are serious impediments for recognizing the introduction of non-native species. Rapid identification of species facilitates a rapid response to newly introduced species which can lessen their damaging effects. This situation is acute for known pest species such as xyleborine ambrosia beetles which are difficult to identify given minute morphological, often variable, diagnostic characters. These beetles have been introduced into non-native temperate regions and have caused economic and ecological havoc. In this study, we produced DNA-based phylogenies using four genes for individuals of <em>Cyclorhipidion bodoanum</em> (Reitter, 1913)<em>, C. distinguendum </em>(Eggers, 1930), and <em>C. pelliculosum </em>(Eichhoff, 1878) sampled from their introduced and native Asian ranges and as well as other <em>Cyclorhipidion </em>species. In addition, we review subtle morphological characters for diagnostic potential for these similar species. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis produced well-resolved and supported phylogeny that provided evidence for multiple introductions of <em>C. bodoanum and C. distinguendum</em> into the US and the occurrence of pseudocryptic species. The ambrosia beetles <em>Cyclorhipidion tenuigraphum </em>(Schedl, 1953)<em> </em>and<em> C. nemesis </em>Smith & Cognato, sp. nov. are reported in North America for the first time. We find that the pattern of elytral interstrial setae is an unrealized source for the identification of <em>Cyclorhipidion</em> species. This study resulted in the recognition of six species adventive to the US with the revised status of <em>C. californicum</em> (Wood, 1975). All species known from North American are diagnosed, illustrated and a key is provided.</p>
Population structure and genetic variance among local populations of an non-native earthworm species in Minnesota, USA
<p>A variety of human activities have been identified as driving factors for the release and spread of invasive earthworm species in North America. Population genetic markers can help to identify locally relevant anthropogenic vectors and provide insights into the processes of population dispersal and establishment. We sampled the invasive European earthworm species <em>Lumbricus terrestris</em> at nine sites and several bait shops within the metropolitan area of Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minnesota, USA. We used microsatellite markers to infer genetic diversity and population structure, and 16S rDNA to address multiple introduction events, including bait dumping, which is a common source of <em>L. terrestris</em> introductions into the wild. Our results indicate multiple introductions but not from current bait dumping. Overall, genetic structure was low and earthworms >5000 m apart were genetically differentiated, except for one sampling location, indicating jump-dispersal followed by population establishment. Further, earthworms at one location north of Minneapolis established from one or few founder individuals, suggesting that earthworm invasions are ongoing. We therefore encourage further monitoring of earthworm populations using molecular markers, in order to disentangle the different human-related vectors contributing to the spread of earthworms and their establishment, which is essential to develop adequate management strategies.</p>
Seasonal variation in impact of non-native species on tropical seed dispersal networks
<p>Invasive non-native species can alter animal-mediated seed dispersal interactions and ultimately affect the stability of recipient communities. The degree of such disturbances, however, is highly variable and depends on several factors, two of which have received little attention: the relative timing of native and non-native fruiting phenologies, and the associated variation in relative resource availability across the fruiting period. Both are likely to alter plant-seed disperser interactions threatened by biological invasions. Here we investigated the impact of plant invasions on the seasonal dynamics of frugivory and seed dispersal networks across a large-scale experimental setup and a plant invasion gradient on a tropical island. We recorded fruit and frugivore abundances, and plant-frugivore interactions across 8 inselbergs (i.e. rocky outcrops) with different levels of plant invasion during 10 months on the island of Mahé, Seychelles. By combining four sampling methods of plant-frugivore interactions we constructed quantitative seed dispersal networks at all sites across two 5-month seasons: the on-peak and off-peak fruiting season. Our findings showed that, by fruiting mostly synchronously with natives, non-native plants compete with natives for dispersal services, predominantly carried out by native frugivores. Variation in native seed dispersal was driven by plant invasion and seasonality. Specifically, native seed dispersal declined with the degree of invasion; dispersal frequency increased with fruit abundance more strongly during the off-peak fruiting season; and networks became increasingly specialised during off-peak. These results indicated that during the main fruiting peak seed dispersal services were saturated, which likely intensified the competition between native and non-native fruits. When resources were scarce during off-peak fruiting season, native and non-native frugivores were more selective in their fruit choice at sites dominated by non-native plants. We showed that native plant and frugivore populations and native seed dispersal interactions were more vulnerable in invaded plant communities, where non-native plants compete with natives for dispersal services potentially reducing native recruitment. As invasive non-native plants dominate many ecosystems worldwide, particularly on islands, our findings showed that controlling plant invasions in vulnerable native communities can be critical to maintain native ecosystem functions and biodiversity.</p>
Beetle diversity in dead wood is lower in non-native than native tree species, especially those more distantly related to native species
<p>1. Non-native tree species are widely used in forest plantations. This may have negative consequences for biodiversity. Hitherto, most studies have compared species diversity between native and non-native forest stands, which makes it difficult to separate the impact of tree species per se from stand characteristics. Our study, conducted in the south of Sweden, compares saproxylic beetle diversity across different nutritional groups, in dead wood of two native and four non-native tree species in a block design after one and three seasons. Such an approach allows analysis of the impact of non-native tree species per se.</p> <p>2. Mean species richness (±SD) per log was lower in non-native than in native tree species (non-native trees: lodgepole pine: 10.7 (± 5.3); Sitka spruce: 8.5 (± 4.3), Douglas fir: 7.1 (± 4.3), Japanese larch 9.4 (± 4.6); native trees: Norway spruce: 12.0 (± 6.0), Scots pine: 12.3 (± 5.2)). Sample-based rarefaction revealed that when only native tree species were pooled, the species richness was higher than for all tree species combined. The difference in species composition among tree species was strongly driven by bark and wood consumers in the first season, while for predators and fungivores, the differences were smaller. Species composition differed more after one season.</p> <p>3. Dissimilarity in beetle species composition was positively correlated with phylogenetic distances of the tree species. Species richness was lower in non-native tree species that are only remotely related to native trees species. Of the studied non-native tree species, lodgepole pine was more closely related to native tree species and consistently harboured higher species richness.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications. Although non-native tree species also harbour saproxylic beetle communities, the use of non-native tree species, especially those only remotely related to native tree species, reduces local diversity of saproxylic beetles. Thus, for biodiversity conservation, an extensive use of non-native tree species is not recommended as this increases the risk of losing forest biodiversity, especially when they are only distantly related to native tree species.</p>
Are rice fields less diverse and more invaded by non-native species than less impacted habitats? A test with wetland microcrustaceans
<p>Raw data of environmental variables and microcrustacean abundance community matrix</p> <p>R scripts used in the study</p>
The role of non-native plant species in modulating riverbank erosion: a systematic review - extracted coded articles dataset
<p>Data extraction sheet of code typologies for the review titled: The role of non-native plant species in modulating riverbank erosion: a systematic review. The uploaded csv file contains all the extracted values for each typology. </p>
Studies that quantify fraction of native and non-native species
<p>This database contains the results of a literature search of studies that report number (or fraction) of animal and plant native and non-native species in a study. Compiled by Martin A. Schlaepfer, University of Geneva, Switzerland. 31 January 2018.</p>
Comprehensive List of Non-Native Species Established in Three Major Regions of the U.S: Simpson et al, 2020
Simpson, Annie; Eyler, Meghan C.; Sikes, Derek; Bowser, Matt; and Sellers, Elizabeth A. (2020) A comprehensive list of non-native species established in three major regions of the United States: Version 3.0, (ver. 3.0, 2020): U.S. Geological Survey data release, <p></p>https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E5K160.<p></p>Simpson, Annie; Eyler, Meghan C.; Sikes, Derek; Bowser, Matt; and Sellers, Elizabeth A. (2020) A comprehensive list of non-native species established in three major regions of the United States: Version 3.0, (ver. 3.0, 2020): U.S. Geological Survey data release, <p></p>https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E5K160.
Comprehensive List of Non-Native Species Established in Three Major Regions of the U.S: Simpson et al, 2019
Simpson, Annie; Eyler, Meghan C.; Sikes, Derek; Bowser, Matt; and Sellers, Elizabeth A. (2020) A comprehensive list of non-native species established in three major regions of the United States: Version 3.0, (ver. 3.0, 2020): U.S. Geological Survey data release, <p></p>https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E5K160.<p></p>Simpson, A., Eyler, M.C., Sikes, D., Bowser, M., Sellers, E., Guala, G.F., Cannister, M., Libby, R., and Kozlowski, N., 2019, A comprehensive list of non-native species established in three major regions of the United States: Version 2.0, (ver. 2.0, 2019): U.S. Geological Survey data release, <p></p>https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E5K160.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.