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FIGURE 5 in Two new species of cascudinhos of the genus Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 5. Geographic distribution of Otothyropsis marapoama (star), O. polyodon (square), O. biamnicus (dot), and O. piribebuy (triangle). Open symbols for type-localities. Some symbols represent more than one lot or locality. 1—rio Verde; 2— rio Tietê; 3—rio Paranapanema; 4—rio Iguaçu; 5—rio Paraguay.

FIGURE 7 in Two new species of cascudinhos of the genus Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 7. Otothyropsis biamnicus, male, paratype, MZUEL 6122, 30.5 mm SL, showing the Chironomidae larva. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of cascudinhos of the genus Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 4. Color pattern of caudal fin in Otothyropsis species. Otothyropsis polyodon, MCP 47076, (A) 37.3 mm SL, (B) 35.1 mm SL; O. biamnicus, MCP 11498, (C) 34.5 mm SL, MCP 47289, (D) 30.7 mm SL; O. marapoama, LIRP 4621, (E) 32.6 mm SL, (F) 26.6 mm SL; O. piribebuy, MCP 44394, (G) 23.9 mm SL, (H) 23.3 mm SL.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of cascudinhos of the genus Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Paraná basin, Brazil

FIGURE 3. Otothyropsis polyodon, holotype, MCP 47139, female, 34.7 mm SL, Brazil, tributary to rio Verde, upper rio Paraná drainage.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 2. Abdominal plate series of Otothyropsis dialeukos, MCP 49901, 34.0 mm SL. LAP, lateral abdominal plate series; MAP, median abdominal plate series; PAP, preanal abdominal plate series. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 6. Position of truncation of mid-dorsal series of lateral plates of Otothyropsis and Hisonotus species in lateral view: (A) Otothyropsis biamnicus, MCP 37164, paratype; (B) O. polyodon, paratype, MCP 45756; (C) O. marapoama, MCP 38303, paratype; (D) O. piribebuy, MCP 44394, paratype; (E) H. francirochai, MCP 34630; (F) O. alicula, MCP 23957, paratype; (G) H. megaloplax, MCP 31779, paratype; (H) Hisonotus vireo, MCP 14619, paratype; (I) H. laevior, MCP 23854; (J) H. heterogaster, MCP 41073, paratype; (K) H. iota, MCP 40029, paratype; (L) H. leucophrys, MCP 41354, paratype. D, dorsal series of lateral plates; MD, mid-dorsal series of lateral plates; M, median series of lateral plates; MV, mid-ventral series of lateral plates; V, ventral series of lateral plates. Odontodes not shown. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 1. Otothyropsis dialeukos, holotype, MNHNP 3880, female, 34.6 mm SL, Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Hernandarias, Itá creek at Paso Itá, Rio Paraná basin.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 5. Boxplot of caudal-peduncle depth as percent of standard length of species currently assigned to Otothyropsis and Hisonotus. Hisonotus pachysarkos and H. paulinus not examined.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 4. Posterolateral region of head of Otothyropsis and Hisonotus. (A) O. marapoama, MCP 42119; (B) O. biamnicus, MCP 37164; (C) H. charrua, MCP 27539; (D) H. nigricauda, MCP 26865. Dashed lines indicate position of swimbladder capsule; CPT, compound pterotic; TPCC, transverse process of the complex centrum; arrows indicate extension of compound pterotic. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Otothyropsis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper Río Paraná basin, Paraguay, with a discussion of the limits between Otothyropsis and Hisonotus

FIGURE 3. Map of southeastern South America depicting generalized distributions of species currently assigned to Otothyropsis and Hisonotus. Green: 1. Otothyropsis alicula; 2. Otothyropsis biamnicus; 3. Otothyropsis dialeukos; 4. Otothyropsis marapoama; 5. Otothyropsis piribebuy; 6. Otothyropsis polyodon; 7. Hisonotus alberti; 8. Hisonotus depressicauda; 9. Hisonotus depressinotus; 10. Hisonotus francirochai; 11. Hisonotus pachysarkos; 12. Hisonotus paulinus; 13. Hisonotus vespuccii. Purple: 14. Hisonotus aky; 15. Hisonotus armatus; 16. Hisonotus brunneus; 17. Hisonotus carreiro; 18. Hisonotus charrua; 19. Hisonotus heterogaster; 20. Hisonotus hungy; 21. Hisonotus iota; 22. Hisonotus laevior; 23. Hisonotus leucofrenatus; 24. Hisonotus leucophrys; 25. Hisonotus maculipinnis; 26. Hisonotus megaloplax; 27. Hisonotus montanus; 28. Hisonotus nigricauda; 29. Hisonotus notatus; 30. Hisonotus notopagos; 31. Hisonotus prata; 32. Hisonotus ringueleti; 33. Hisonotus taimensis; 34. Hisonotus thayeri; 35. Hisonotus vireo; 36. Hisonotus yasi. Distribution patches based on comparative material examined and on literature. Dotted blue line represents the limit between Pattern A and Pattern B areas of distribution.