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32 results for “Plant functional groups”
Data from: Plant functional groups regulate soil respiration responses to nitrogen addition and mowing over a decade
1. Nitrogen (N) deposition and land-use practice (e.g. mowing) could have profound effects on soil respiration. However, the changes in other ecosystem components, such as plant functional groups (PFGs), may control soil carbon (C) efflux response to long term global change. 2. A 10-year (2005-2014) field experiment was conducted with both N addition (10g N m-2 yr-1) and mowing (once a year) in a northern Chinese temperate grassland. We collected continuous data on soil respiration over 10 years accompanied with data on abiotic and biotic factors, and attempted to determine (i) the temporal variation in soil respiration and its responses to N addition and mowing, (ii) the regulation of soil respiration by PFGs and the underlying long-term mechanisms of control. 3. Soil respiration varied significantly among years. This was mainly caused by changes in precipitation pattern (e.g. frequency and distribution) during the growing-season rather than total rainfall. N addition significantly suppressed soil respiration by 10.4% whereas mowing stimulated it by 8.4% over the 10 years. The interaction of N addition with mowing had little effect on soil respiration. However, the significant effects of both N addition and mowing appeared only in the third year and thereafter, indicating the differences between long- and short-term responses. These long-term effects of N addition and mowing were mainly caused by changes in the PFGs of covers (e.g. grasses and forbs) and in soil pH rather than in soil microclimate. Forb-dominant patches had greater soil respiration than grass patches owing to their higher litter quality and photosynthetic capacity. 4. Our results highlight that shifts in aboveground plant community could play an important role in regulating soil respiration responses to N addition and mowing in the long-term. This is potentially important for improving our understanding of the link between above- and belowground ecological processes.
Data from: The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level
1. One of the processes that may play a key role in plant species coexistence and ecosystem functioning is plant-soil feedback, the effect of plants on associated soil communities and the resulting feedback on plant performance. Plant-soil feedback at the interspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different species) has been studied extensively, while plant-soil feedback at the intraspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different accessions within a species) has only recently gained attention. Very few studies have investigated the direction and strength of feedback among different taxonomic levels, and initial results have been inconclusive, discussing phylogeny and morphology as possible determinants. 2. To test our hypotheses that the strength of negative feedback on plant performance increases with increasing taxonomic level and that this relationship is explained by morphological similarities, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using species assigned to three taxonomic levels (intraspecific, interspecific and functional group level). We measured certain fitness-related aboveground traits and used them along literature-derived traits to determine the influence of morphological similarities on the strength and direction of the feedback. 3. We found that the average strength of negative feedback increased from the intraspecific over the interspecific to the functional group level. However, individual accessions and species differed in the direction and strength of the feedback. None of our results could be explained by morphological dissimilarities or individual traits. 4. Synthesis. Our results indicate that negative plant-soil feedback is stronger if the involved plants belong to more distantly related species. We conclude that the taxonomic level is an important factor in the maintenance of plant coexistence with plant-soil feedback as a potential stabilizing mechanism and should be addressed explicitly in coexistence research, while the traits considered here seem to play a minor role.
Data from: Plant functional groups within a tropical forest exhibit different wood functional anatomy
Understanding the anatomical basis of plant water transport in forest ecosystems is crucial for contextualizing community-level adaptations to drought, especially in life-form-rich tropical forests. To provide this context, we explored wood functional anatomy traits related to plant hydraulic architecture across different plant functional groups in a lowland tropical rain forest. We measured wood traits in 90 species from six functional groups (mature-phase, understorey and pioneer trees; understorey and pioneer shrubs; vines) and related these traits to intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) as a measure of physiological performance. We also examined vessel size distribution patterns across groups to determine trade-offs in theoretical hydraulic safety vs. efficiency. Some plant functional groups exhibited significant differences in vessel parameters and WUEi. Vessel diameters in vines and pioneer trees were two- to threefold greater on average than in understorey trees and shrubs. Contrastingly, vessels in understorey trees and shrubs fell within the smaller size classes, suggesting greater safety mechanisms. In addition to these trends, large vessel dimensions were important predictors of WUEi among the functional groups. We conclude that wood functional anatomy profiles varied across plant functional groups in a tropical rain forest. These groups can therefore serve as a framework for further investigations on structure–function relationships and a sound basis for modelling species responses to drought.
Data from: The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level
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Data from: Effects of plant functional group loss on soil biota and net ecosystem exchange: a plant removal experiment in the Mongolian grassland
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Fire and functional traits: using functional groups of birds and plants to guide management in fire-prone, heathy woodland ecosystem
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Data from: Plant functional groups regulate soil respiration responses to nitrogen addition and mowing over a decade
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Data from: Plant functional groups within a tropical forest exhibit different wood functional anatomy
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Plant litter influences the temporal stability of plant community biomass in an alpine meadow by altering the stability and asynchrony of plant functional groups
<p>The stability of a plant community is defined as its ability to resist and be resilient to changes. Plant community stability can be driven by a range of external perturbations as well as by plant community traits. Plant litter traits (species or mass) are widely recognized drivers for plant community composition and diversity changes in grasslands. Yet, the effects of litter traits on the temporal stability of plant communities in natural grasslands are largely unknown. </p> <p>In this study, a field experiment was conducted at an alpine meadow on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau to quantify the effects of litter from <i>Elymus nutans</i>, <i>Kobresia setchwanensis</i> and <i>Ligularia virgaurea</i> on the temporal stability of plant community biomass at five different mass levels (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 g m<sup>−2</sup>). The experiment was conducted over the period from the pre-growth to peak–growth stage between 2017 and 2019, during which temporal stability of plant community biomass was assessed in relation to plant community characteristics.</p> <p>The effects of litter on temporal stability of plant community biomass were mainly driven by the litter mass rather than the litter species. A hump-shaped relationship between litter mass and temporal stability of plant community biomass was found, with the highest stability under intermediate litter mass treatment (200 g m<sup>−2</sup>). A structural equation model identified this response was driven by the indirect effects of litter mass on the temporal stability of the biomass of the dominant (forbs) and subdominant (grasses) functional groups in the community and the asynchrony of plant functional groups.</p> <p>The results of this study demonstrate that plant litter traits are important drivers for maintaining plant community stability in natural grasslands, highlighting the importance of grassland management decisions (e.g., grazing intensity) relating to the quantity and quality of litter accumulation. </p>
Plant litter influences the temporal stability of plant community biomass in an alpine meadow by altering the stability and asynchrony of plant functional groups
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Climate shifts root: shoot ratio pattern by altering plant functional group on Tibetan vs. Inner Mongolian Plateaus
<p><strong>Title:</strong> Climate shifts root: shoot ratio pattern by altering plant functional group in alpine vs temperate grasslands on both Tibetan and Inner Mongolian Plateaus</p> <p>by Wu<em> et al</em>.</p> <p><strong>Study areas and sample sites:</strong></p> <p>Environmental and ecological surveys were conducted along a temperate grassland transect in Inner Mongolian Plateau and an alpine grassland transect in Tibetan Plateau in China, at ends of the plant growth peak growing season from 2017 to 2020. We laid out 54 sample sites along the two broad ranges of geographic transects on the two plateaus, with 3-5 sample plots at each sample site (a total of 215 plots).</p>
Climate shifts root: shoot ratio pattern by altering plant functional group on Tibetan vs. Inner Mongolian Plateaus
<p>Environmental and ecological surveys were conducted along a temperate grassland transect in Inner Mongolian Plateau and an alpine grassland transect in Tibetan Plateau in China, at ends of the plant growth peak growing season from 2017 to 2020. We laid out 54 sample sites along the two broad ranges of geographic transects on the two plateaus, with 3-5 sample plots at each sample site (a total of 215 plots).</p>
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