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101 results for “Plant pest”
Figure 3 in Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the pest insect Edessa meditabunda in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as an alternative host plant
Figure 3. Surface maps constructed based on Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation showing spatial distribution of adults in cotton between 55 (A) 70 (B), 77 (C), 84 (D), 91 (E) days after emergence (DAE) and Sum of all Evaluations (F). Low density is represented in green while red indicates high density of E. meditabunda.
Figure 1 in Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the pest insect Edessa meditabunda in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as an alternative host plant
Figure 1 Temporal variation of Edessa meditabunda population in the alternative host plant Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) in experimental Field of Dourados, Brazil.
Trade network dynamics and alien plant pest introductions: A global analysis
<p>This is a supplement to "Trade network dynamics and alien plant pest introductions: A global analysis", Diversity and Distributions (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13963">https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13963</a>). These data were partially derived from the following resources available in the public domain: <a href="http://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/fr/welcome.asp">www.cepii.fr/CEPII/fr/welcome.asp</a>; Seebens et al. (2017) (dataset DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.12761/sgn.2016.01.022">https://doi.org/10.12761/sgn.2016.01.022</a>); Fenn-Moltu et al. 2022 (dataset DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8931zcrrq">https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8931zcrrq</a>).</p>
Figure 1-6. Eupteryx spp. 1-3 in Leafhopper Pest of Plants in the Mint Family, Eupteryx decemnotata Rey (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae), Ligurian Leafhopper, New to North America
Figure 1-6. Eupteryx spp. 1-3) Eupteryx decemnotata Rey. 1) Body, dorsal view. 2) Body, lateral view. 3) Face, anteroventral view. 4-6) Eupteryx melissae Curtis. 4) Body, dorsal view. 5) Body, lateral view. 6) Face, anteroventral view.
Figure 1 in Alfalfa responses to drought, salinity, and herbivory by Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and performance of the pest on water-stressed plants
Figure 1. Effects of drought stress on proline content of alfalfa plants before and after Tetranychus urticae feeding. Within each column mean (± SE) followed by the same letter(s) are not significantly different. Capital letters show the effect of drought.
Figure 2 in Alfalfa responses to drought, salinity, and herbivory by Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and performance of the pest on water-stressed plants
Figure 2. Effects of salinity stress on proline content of alfalfa plants before and after Tetranychus urticae feeding. Within each column mean (± SE) followed by the same letter(s) are not significantly different. Capital letters show the effect of salinity.
Plant pests influence the movement of plant-fixed carbon and fungal-acquired nutrients through arbuscular mycorrhizal networks
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Data from: Attack and aggregation of a major squash pest: parsing the role of plant chemistry and beetle pheromones across spatial scales
<p>1. Successful management of insect crop pests requires an understanding of the cues and spatial scales at which they function to affect rates of attack of preferred and non-preferred host plants. A long-standing conceptual framework in insect-plant ecology posits that there is hierarchical structure spanning host location, acceptance, and attack that could be exploited for integrated pest management.</p> <p>2. We investigated how plant- and insect-derived chemical cues affect successive decisions of host choice in aggregating insects, and tested predictions in the Cucurbita pepo - Acalymma vittatum system. Acalymma vittatum is an aggregating specialist beetle pest that strongly prefers zucchini (C. p. pepo) to summer squash (C. p. ovifera), two independent domesticates of C. pepo. We hypothesized that subspecies-specific plant traits, especially volatile cues, interact with the male-produced aggregation pheromone to amplify beetle preference for C. p. pepo.</p> <p>3. Differential beetle attack of C. pepo subspecies in the field is not determined by plant traits that affect host finding or differential aggregation due to pheromones: across two years, beetles had strong density-dependent attraction to both subspecies when male beetles were feeding, and no interactions between plant volatiles and the male-produced pheromone were detected. In absence of male pheromone emission, beetles were equally unattracted to plants with or without beetle feeding.</p> <p>4. In contrast, plant traits that mediate insect acceptance appear to underlie differences in preference. At a local scale, beetles did not accept and emigrated from C. p. ovifera compared to C. p. pepo. Distinct volatile emissions were observed between subspecies, but further work is needed to identify if these volatiles promote emigration.</p> <p>5. Synthesis and applications: By dissecting pest preference during successive host choice decisions, we isolated a trait with implications for pest management. Beetles on cucurbits can be managed by employing cultivars with differential susceptibility (e.g. trap cropping), and the mechanistic knowledge presented here informs best practices and limitations for on-farm applications. More broadly, pest management in diversified cropping systems can be enhanced through understanding how plant preference gradients affect herbivore movement and behavior, and plant breeders can target traits to reduce herbivory in such systems.</p>
Microbe-induced plant resistance against insect pests depends on timing of inoculation, but is consistent across climatic conditions
<ol> <li>To cope with abiotic and biotic stressors, plants have developed mutualistic associations with beneficial soil microbes, but little is known about how extreme abiotic conditions impact microbe-induce resistance to insect herbivores.</li> <li>Extreme temperatures are often accompanied by extremes in plant water availability, which together reduce plant growth and change plant physiology. There are potential consequences for increasing plant susceptibility to biotic stresses, and this poses a real challenge for plant productivity.</li> <li>We evaluated how the effects of beneficial soil bacteria (<em>Acidovorax radicis </em>N35e) on barley plant growth and resultant resistance against aphid infestation (<em>Sitobion</em> <em>avenae</em>) were impacted by a single heatwave event across a plant water availability gradient. We also tested if timing of bacterial inoculation (before or after the temperature treatment) affected bacteria-plant interactions on aphids.</li> <li>We found that heatwaves affected plant biomass allocation from aboveground to belowground tissues. Inoculation with <em>A. radicis</em> led to reduction of aphid numbers, but depended on timing of inoculation, and led to stronger resistance when inoculations occurred closer to aphid infestation. Remarkably, microbe-induced resistance against aphids was consistent across heatwave and water availability treatments.</li> <li>This study provides evidence that beneficial plant-bacteria interactions may represent a potential solution for sustainable agricultural practices to enhance plant growth and response to insect pests under climate change. Future field trials should investigate the consistency of beneficial effects reported here for a better understanding of multispecies interactions in the context of global change.</li> </ol>
Figure 3 in Aculus taihangensis (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), a potential biological control agent identified from the highly invasive pest plant, tree of heaven, in Türkiye
Figure 3. Aculus taihangensis – Deutogyne: A. Coxigenital region, B. Internal genitalia.
Pre-processed data for "Does host plant drive variation in microbial gut communities in a recently shifted pest?"
<p>Pre-processed fastqs files generated by Illumina sequencing associated with the publication by Javal et al. entitled "Does host plant drive variation in microbial gut communities in a recently shifted pest?".</p>
Supporting data and code for: Host plant and insecticides shape the evolution of genetic and clonal diversity in a major aphid crop pest
<p>This is the first release of the final data and code for the article accepted for publication in <em>Evolutionary Applications</em> journal. It contains the necessary scripts to produce most of the analyses and figures of the manuscript. All the necessary data can be found in the 'data' folder.</p>
The role of tetradecane in the identification of host plants by the pest bugs Apolygus lucorum and Adelphocoris suturalis
<p><em><span>Apolygus lucorum </span></em><span>and <em>Adelphocoris suturalis </em>are considered serious pests to many cultures in China. Safe alternatives are needed to manage these mirid pests. </span>The current study identified <span>compounds from volatiles of the </span>ethanol extracts of <span><em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> </span><span>pods and the other </span>10 common hosts. GCMS detection showed that t<span>etradecane</span><span>, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, and dodecanal were included in these </span>volatiles and<span> </span>tetradecane was present in all the volatiles.</p>
Figure 9 in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants
Figure 9. Arcte coerula adult. The hindwing markings are distinctive of this species.
Figure 8 in Ramie Moth, Arcte coerula (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A New Invasive Pest in Hawaii on Endemic Plants
Figure 8. Arcte coerula pupa.
DATASET: Temperature Differentially Influences the Capacity of Trichoderma Species to Induce Plant Defense Responses in Tomato Against Insect Pests
<p>Species of the ecological opportunistic, avirulent fungus, <em>Trichoderma</em> are widely used in agriculture for their ability to protect crops from the attack of pathogenic fungi and for plant growth promotion activity. Recently, it has been shown that they may also have complementary properties that enhance plant defense barriers against insects. However, the use of these fungi is somewhat undermined by their variable level of biocontrol activity, which is influenced by environmental conditions. Understanding the source of this variability is essential for its profitable and wide use in plant protection. Here, we focus on the impact of temperature on <em>Trichoderma afroharzianum</em> T22, <em>Trichoderma atroviride</em> P1, and the defense response induced in tomato by insects. The <em>in vitro</em> development of these two strains was differentially influenced by temperature, and the observed pattern was consistent with temperature-dependent levels of resistance induced by them in tomato plants against the aphid, <em>Macrosiphum euphorbiae</em>, and the noctuid moth, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em>. Tomato plants treated with <em>T. afroharzianum</em> T22 exhibited enhanced resistance toward both insect pests at 25°C, while <em>T. atroviride</em> P1 proved to be more effective at 20°C. The comparison of plant transcriptomic profiles generated by the two <em>Trichoderma</em> species allowed the identification of specific defense genes involved in the observed response, and a selected group was used to assess, by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), the differential gene expression in <em>Trichoderma</em>-treated tomato plants subjected to the two temperature regimens that significantly affected fungal biological performance. These results will help pave the way toward a rational selection of the most suitable <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates for field applications, in order to best face the challenges imposed by local environmental conditions and by extreme climatic shifts due to global warming.</p>
The role of tetradecane in the identification of host plants by the pest bugs Apolygus lucorum and Adelphocoris suturalis
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Data from: Attack and aggregation of a major squash pest: parsing the role of plant chemistry and beetle pheromones across spatial scales
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Microbe-induced plant resistance against insect pests depends on timing of inoculation, but is consistent across climatic conditions
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Data from: First report of Fusarium citri as an entomopathogenic fungus mediating plant resistance against insect pests and phytopathogens
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.