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56 results for “Plant physiology”
Data associated with the manuscript "Complex epistatic interactions between ELF3, PRR9, and PRR7 regulates the circadian clock and plant physiology"
<p>Datasets associated with the figures in the paper entilted: "<strong>Complex epistatic interactions between ELF3, PRR9, and PRR7 regulates the circadian clock and plant physiology"</strong></p>
Data for: No physiological costs of dual sequestration of chemically different plant toxins in the milkweed bug Spilostethus saxatilis (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
<p><span>Many herbivorous insects not only cope with plant toxins but also sequester them as a defense against predators and parasitoids. Sequestration is a product of the evolutionary arms race between plants and herbivorous insects and has been hypothesized to incur physiological costs due to specific adaptations required. Contradictory evidence about these costs exists for insects sequestering only one class of toxin, but very little is known about the physiological implications for species sequestering structurally different classes of compounds. <em>Spilostethus saxatilis</em> is a milkweed bug belonging to the cardenolide-sequestering heteropteran subfamily Lygaeinae (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) that has shifted to the colchicine-containing plant <em>Colchicum autumnale</em>, a resource of chemically unrelated alkaloids. Using feeding-assays on artificial diet and chemical analysis, we assessed whether <em>S. saxatilis</em> is still able to sequester cardenolides apart from colchicine and related metabolites (colchicoids), and tested the effect of (1) either a natural cardenolide concentration (using ouabain as a model compound) or a natural colchicine concentration, (2) an increased concentration of both toxins, and (3) seeds of either <em>Asclepias syriaca</em> (cardenolides) or <em>C. autumnale</em> (colchicoids) on a set of life-history traits. For comparison, we assessed the same life-history traits in the milkweed bug <em>Oncopeltus fasciatus</em> exposed to cardenolides only. Although cardenolides and colchicoids have different physiological targets (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase vs tubulin) and thus require different resistance traits, chronic exposure and sequestration of both isolated toxins caused no physiological costs such as reduced growth, increased mortality, lower fertility, or shorter adult life span in <em>S. saxatilis</em>. Indeed, an increased performance was observed in <em>O. fasciatus</em> and an according trend was found in <em>S. saxatilis</em> when feeding on isolated ouabain and isolated colchicine, respectively. Positive effects were even more pronounced when insects were provided with natural toxic seeds (i.e. <em>C. autumnale</em> for <em>S. saxatilis</em> and <em>A. syriaca</em> for <em>O. fasciatus</em>), especially in <em>O. fasciatus</em>. Our findings suggest, that S. saxatilis can sequester two chemically unrelated classes of plant compounds at a cost-free level, and that colchicoids may even play a beneficial role in terms of fertility.</span></p>
Fifteen physiological traits related to osmoregulation and reactive oxygen species metabolism in two life form aquatic plants under a natural water salinity gradient on the Tibetan Plateau and Northwest China
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Analyzing coastal fog effects on carbon and water fluxes in a California agricultural system using approaches in biometeorology, remote sensing, and plant physiology
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Data for: No physiological costs of dual sequestration of chemically different plant toxins in the milkweed bug Spilostethus saxatilis (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
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A meta-analysis of effects of physiological integration in clonal plants under homogeneous vs. heterogeneous environments
<p class="CxSpFirst"><span><b>Summary</b></span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span>1. Clonal plants play key roles in maintaining community productivity and stability in many ecosystems. Connected individuals (ramets) of clonal plants can translocate and share e.g. photosynthates, water and nutrients, and such physiological integration may affect performance of clonal plants both<a name="_Hlk51046980"> in heterogeneous and homogeneous environments. </a>However, we still lack a general understanding of whether or how physiological integration in clonal plants differs across homogeneous vs. heterogeneous environments. </span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span>2. We compiled data from 198 peer reviewed scientific studies conducted in 19 countries with 108 clonal plant species from 35 families, and carried out a meta-analysis of effects of physiological integration on 16 traits related to plant growth, morphology, physiology or allocation. Our analyses evaluated these relationships in A) heterogeneous environments where at least one resource essential for plant growth (e.g. light, soil water and mineral nutrients) or non-resource factor (e.g. grazing, trampling and burial) is spatially non-uniformly distributed, and B) homogeneous environments where all these factors are spatially uniformly distributed.</span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span>3. Physiological integration increased growth of whole clones in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments due to its highly significant contribution to growth of recipient ramets. Integration did not affect growth of donor ramets in heterogeneous environments, but decreased it in homogeneous environments. </span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span>4. Integration affected physiological traits of donor ramets in neither homogeneous nor heterogeneous environments. It did not affect any physiological traits of recipient ramets in homogeneous environments, but increased most of them in heterogeneous environments. For donor ramets, integration increased height by 53% and internode length by 37% in heterogeneous environments, but had no effect in homogeneous environments. For recipient ramets, integration increased height by 73% in homogeneous environments and by 115% in heterogeneous environments, and increased internode length by 35% only under heterogeneous environments. In heterogeneous environments, integration increased biomass allocation to roots of donor ramets under high water/nutrient conditions and decreased it under high light. </span></p> <p>5. Physiological integration plays a strong role in clonal plant physiology, morphology, and growth, especially for recipient ramets in heterogeneous environments. Therefore, physiological integration may have contributed to the widespread of clonal plants in nature and their dominance in many ecosystems. It may also play important roles in invasion success of alien clonal plants and in maintaining functions and stability of ecosystems where clonal plants are abundant.</p>
Data from: Aging in an herbaceous plant: increases in mortality and decreases in physiology and seed mass
1. Little is known about plant age-dependent trait expression and how environmental conditions might affect aging in the wild. This study evaluates age variation in multiple traits of a short-lived perennial herb using a manipulative field experimental design. 2. Two different-aged cohorts were followed in a field plot for over a year to evaluate trait expression in response to a competition treatment and seasonal stress. Traits measured included size, mortality, reproduction, and physiology, including photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content (SPAD). We hypothesized that the stress of competition and seasonal changes would accentuate age-dependent trait declines in older plants. 3. The results highlight consistent age differences in plant size, mortality, and seed size with older plants being smaller, more likely to die, and producing smaller seeds. Some of the aging declines were sensitive to environmental conditions such that it was only during certain seasons when older plants had higher mortality, lower photosynthetic efficiency, and lower chlorophyll content than young plants. Age-dependent trait expression also varied in response to competition such that age differences in size were only present in the 'no competition treatment,' and old individuals in the competition treatment had a higher mortality than all other age-environment combinations. 4. Synthesis. These findings show that aging in plants is a complex phenotype where declines in traits are uncoordinated and can be, but are not always, sensitive to environmental conditions. This study shows age-dependent maternal effects on offspring quality which, together with the decline in performance of older individuals, may have impacts on an individual's fitness and on natural population demography.
Data from: Migratory passage structures at hydropower plants as potential physiological and behavioural selective agents
Anthropogenic activities affect fish populations worldwide. River dams have profound impacts on ecosystems by changing habitats and hindering migration. In an effort to counteract such effects a diversity of mitigation measures has been installed at hydroelectric power plants. Still, not all individuals in a population use these measures, creating potentially strong selection processes at hydroelectric power plants. Especially, during migration, when fish can get heavily delayed or pass through a hydropower turbine, facing increased mortality compared to those using a safe bypass route. In this study, we quantify migration route choices of descending wild PIT-tagged Atlantic salmon smolts released upstream from a hydroelectric plant. We demonstrate how only a few meters' displacement of bypass canals can have a large impact on the fish guidance efficiency. The proportion of fish using the bypasses increased when water was released in surface gates closer to the turbine intake. During a period of low fish guidance efficiency, we observed two different smolt migratory strategies. While some individuals spent little time in the forebay before migrating through the turbine tunnel, others remained in the forebay. We suggest that these groups represent different behavioural types, and that sub-optimal mitigation measures at hydropower intakes may therefore induce strong selection on salmon behavioural traits. The ultimate outcome of these selection mechanisms is discussed in light of potential trade-offs between turbine-migration mortality costs and optimal sea-entrance timing survival benefits.
Distillation of crop models to learn plant physiology theories using machine learning
<p>Full Paper available for download at LINK</p>
Supporting CESM output for "The effect of plant physiological responses to rising CO2 on global streamflow" (Fowler et al.; 2019)
<p>Thirty years of CESM soil moisture, rain, and snow data is collected here based on each experiment contained within Fowler et al. (2019). These data were used to produce Figure 3 of that work. Other supporting data including daily runoff and river discharge is archived elsewhere, while analysis scripts and more information can be found here: https://github.com/megandevlan/Physiology-Streamflow.git. </p>
Data from: Aging in an herbaceous plant: increases in mortality and decreases in physiology and seed mass
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A meta-analysis of effects of physiological integration in clonal plants under homogeneous vs. heterogeneous environments
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Data from: Migratory passage structures at hydropower plants as potential physiological and behavioural selective agents
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Data from: Determinants of parasitoid communities of willow-galling sawflies: habitat overrides physiology, host plant, and space
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Systemic effects of rising atmospheric vapor pressure deficit on plant physiology and productivity
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Physiological status is a stronger predictor of nutrient selection than ambient plant nutrient content for a wild herbivore
<p class="MsoCommentText">There is generally a close relationship between a consumer's food and its optimal nutrients. When there is a mismatch, it is hypothesized that mobile herbivores switch between food items to balance nutrients, however, there are limited data for field populations. In this study, we measured ambient plant nutrient content at two time points and contrasted our results with the nutrient ratio selected by wild female and male grasshoppers (<em>Oedaleus senegalensis</em>). Few plants were near <em>O. senegalensis'</em> optimal protein:carbohydrate ratio (P:C), nor were plants complementary. Grasshoppers collected earlier all regulated for a carbohydrate-biased ratio but females ate slightly more protein. We hypothesized that the long migration undertaken by this species may explain its carbohydrate needs. In contrast to most laboratory studies, grasshoppers collected later did not tightly regulate their P:C. These results suggest that field populations are not shifting their P:C to match seasonal plant nutrient shifts and that mobile herbivores rely on post-ingestive mechanisms in the face of environmental variation. Because this is among the first studies to examine the relationship between ambient nutrient landscape and physiological state our data are a key step in bridging knowledge acquired from lab studies to hypotheses regarding the role ecological factors play in foraging strategies.</p>
Fig. 1 in Physiological characteristics of citrus plants infested with citrus blackfly
Fig. 1. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (B), instant transpiration (C), and ratio between internal CO2 concentration in the leaf mesophyll and external CO2 concentration of the air (Ci/Ca) (D) of noninfested (NIP) and citrus blackfly infested (IP) citrus plants (Tahiti lime, Tanjaroa tangerine, Nissey tangerine, and Ponkan tangerine), which were grown in field conditions during the rainy season in São Luís MA, Brazil, 2015.
Physiological status is a stronger predictor of nutrient selection than ambient plant nutrient content for a wild herbivore
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Data from: The physiological cold tolerance of warm-climate plants is correlated with their latitudinal range limit
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Differential gene expression and physiological changes during acute or persistent plant virus interactions may contribute to viral symptom differences
GEO Series GSE113774. Nicotiana benthamiana; Solanum lycopersicum; Nicotiana tabacum. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.