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123 results for “Plexippina”
Figure 1 in Description of a new jumping spider, Artabrus aurantipilosus sp. nov. (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina), from Banda Neira, Indonesia
Figure 1. Known distribution of the two Artabrus species in the East Indies. A. erythrocephalus (green circles) ranges from the southern end of the Malay Peninsula to Sumbawa. A. aurantipilosus sp. nov. (red circle) has only been found far to the east, on one small island, Banda Neira, to the south of Seram. Numbers in circles correspond to records in Table 1. Unnumbered records for A. erythrocephalus are based on validated reports posted on iNaturalist.
Figure 2 in Description of a new jumping spider, Artabrus aurantipilosus sp. nov. (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina), from Banda Neira, Indonesia
Figure 2. Ventral views of Artabrus erythrocephalus ♂ specimens. 1-3, ♂ (HC-Ba1) from Bali. 2-3, Two views of the left pedipalp of (HC-Ba1). 4, Simon's (1903) drawing of the right pedipalp, shown here in mirror image to appear as a left pedipalp for purposes of comparison. Unlike subsequent drawings published with descriptions, Simon missed the recurvature or loop of the embolus at its origin on the medial side of the embolus. Photo credits: 1-3, D. E. Hill.
Figure 5 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 5 (continued on next page). Sequential but not consecutive frames from a 30fps video clip showing the approach of the male and mating by this cohabiting Telamonia dimidiata pair. 1-3, Approach by male.
Figure 4 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 4 (continued on next page). Cohabiting male and female Telamonia dimidiata. 1, Male guarding penultimate female. 2, Male near adult female after molt. 3, Male approaching female. 4-5, Mating. 6, Male near female after mating for ~90s. Some images (1-2) were composited to show both spiders in focus.
Figure 2 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 2 (continued from previous page). Adult male Telamonia dimidiata with recently moulted female. 16-20, Male moving about in the vicinity of the female. 21, Female in thin silk shelter (resting sac or retreat) on the next day. Both sexes construct temporary nocturnal retreats like this one (Ahmed et al. 2019).
Figure 22 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 22. Moulting by orb-weaver spiders (Araneidae). 1, Female Nephila Leach 1815 moulting from dragline. 2, Detail of (1) showing smaller male in mating position. The genus Nephila is sometimes placed in the Nephilidae. 3-4, Neoscona Simon 1864 moulting from dragline. 5-6, Parawixia F. O. Pickard-Cambridge 1904 moulting from dragline. 7-8, Male Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli 1772) waiting for a moulting female (7) and then mating with that female (8) as she was hanging beneath her exuvium before her cuticle darkened or hardened. The condition of a newly-moulted female may reduce the vulnerability of the male to her attack (Uhl et al. 2015). Photos 1-2 by Vipin Baliga (Karnataka). Photos 3-6 by Abhijith A. P. C. (Karnataka). Photos 7-8 by Uhl et al. (2015), adapted and used under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Figure 21 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 21. Moulting by wandering spiders. 1, Female Phidippus putnami (Peckham & Peckham 1883) (Salticidae). The thick moulting sac was opened to observe this spider. 2, cf. Carrhotus Thorell 1891 (Salticidae) with exuvium in thin moulting sac. 3-4, Two different Epeus Peckham & Peckham 1886 (Salticidae) with exuviae, in thin moulting sacs under leaves. 5, Heteropoda Latreille 1804 (Sparassidae) moulting from dragline. 6, Olios milleti (Pocock 1901) (Sparassidae) moulting from dragline. 7, Hamadruas Deeleman-Reinhold 2009 (Oxyopidae) with exuvium beneath leaf. 8-11, Sequence showing Oxyopes shweta Tikader 1970 (Oxyopidae) molting from dragline. Photo (1) by David E. Hill (South Carolina). Photos (2-11) by Abhijith A. P. C. (Karnataka).
Figure 20 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 20. Observations of Vailimia sp. indet. in Goa. 1-2, Two views of spider resting on its silk platform. 3, Spider after it has separated itself from the exuvium by descending on its dragline. The exuvium maintained its hold on the dragline with legs IV. 4-5, Closer views from (3). 6, Detail showing this spider extending and inflating its legs while suspended. All observations and photographs by Aditya Naik, used with permission.
Figure 19 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 19 (continued from previous page). 3-14, 31-34, Two sets of sequential frames showing how this spider turned around the hub of its orb-web to deposit the silk that comprised its resting platform (only visible in 32). Extension of the spinnerets can be seen in some of these frames (6, 8, 10, 12). This construction activity resembles the early stages of construction of an araneid orb-web (proto-hub and proto-radii).
Figure 19 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 19 (continued on next page). Sequential positions (1-34) occupied by a salticid (Vailimia sp. indet.) as it constructed its retreat in Kasaragod, Kerala, taken from a 59.94 fps video record produced by Prasantha Krishna. At top selected frames from this sequence are composited to show movement from the end of one radius down to the hub (1-15), then movement down and to the stem from the hub with a trailing dragline (15-19), attachment of the dragline to anchor a new radius (22, arrow), followed by return to the hub while climbing beneath the new radius (25-28). 20-24, Individual frames showing trailing dragline as it was extended from the hub (20), hold on that dragline with the claws of leg RIV (21), first movement onto the attached (arrow) dragline (23), and the beginning of a rapid climb back to the hub (24).
Figure 18 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 18. Salticid (Vailimia sp. indet.) with retreat. 1-2, Spider resting on its hub platform at night. 3, Detail of (1). 4, Empty hub on the next day. This retreat was constructed on a tree at a height of ~1.6-2 m above the ground and was only occupied at night. Photographed in Kasaragod, Kerala by Prasantha Krishna.
Figure 15 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 15. Vailimia sp. indet. resting on their vertical platforms at night. 1-3, Spider resting on its platform at night. 2, Detailed view of this spider from (1). 3, Enhanced contrast image based on (1), showing layout of the hub and radii. 4, Detailed anterior view of salticid shown in Figure 4. Photographed in Kasaragod, Kerala by Prasantha Krishna.
Figure 4 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 4 (continued from previous page). Cohabiting male and female Telamonia dimidiata. 12, Female with exuvium in shelter after mating. 13-15, Female in or near shelter during the two days after mating.
Figure 14 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 14 (continued on next page). Vailimia sp. indet. resting on its vertical platform at night (1), and views of the empty platform on the next day (2-4), when the spider could not be found in the vicinity. A small packet that might represent the remains of insect can be seen near the spider, attached to the hub, but there was no sign that the web, not sticky or adhesive, played a role in prey capture. This spider jumped and moved to nearby branches when the web was disturbed. Photographed in Kasaragod, Kerala by Prasantha Krishna.
Figure 12 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 12. Vailimia sp. indet. resting on its vertical platform between dry grass stems (straw) at Putturu, Dakshina-kannada District, Karnataka. 2-3, Detailed views of this spider resting at the hub. Initially this spider was facing down, but after it was disturbed it jumped away, still connected to the hub by its dragline. Photographed by Abhijith A. P. C.
Figure 10 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 10 (continued from previous page). Selected sequential frames from a 30fps video of Vailimia sp. resting on a stem near its web in the evening. 1-11, The Vailimia turned to follow the movements the scarab beetle as it moved on the stem behind its position. 12-25, As the scarab moved back down the stem, the Vailimia pushed it away several times with legs I (15, 17, arrows), they stayed away from it by moving down the stem.
Figure 10 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 10 (continued on next page). Selected sequential frames from a 30fps video of Vailimia sp. resting on a stem near its web in the evening. 1-3, The Vailimia turned to follow the movements of a black scarab beetle below its position. Photographed at Manimoole farm, Vittal, Dakshinakannada, Karnataka by Sanath Ramesh 5, JUN 2020.
Figure 9. Selected sequential frames from a 30 in Construction and use of orb webs by jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina: Vailimia sp. indet.) in southwest India
Figure 9. Selected sequential frames from a 30fps video of Vailimia sp. resting on a stem near its web at night. This spider jumped at an alate ant that became partly entangled in its web, then briefly bit it (3, arrow) before rejecting it and pushing it away. Photographed at Manimoole farm, Vittal, Dakshinakannada, Karnataka by Sanath Ramesh, 5 JUN 2020.
Figure 3 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 3 (continued from previous page). Female Telamonia dimidiata with their broods. 5, Female near one entrance to her brood sac (at right). 6-10, Female attending her brood. 6, After this initial observation, this female was disturbed and left her sac to jump down. Her dragline was accidentally severed and she was not seen in the vicinity for 3 days. 7, Female at center of brood sac several days later, after her return to the site. 8, Female outside of her brood sac, near one of the two entrances (upper right). 9, Female after return to center of brood sac. Note entrance at the bottom of the sac. 10, Detail from (9). Note presence of egg shell fragments in the tubular chamber in front of the female (at top, center).
Figure 2 in Moulting, male pursuit and brooding by Telamonia dimidiata (Araneae: Salticidae: Plexippina) in Karnataka (version 2)
Figure 2 (continued from previous page, continued on next page). Adult male Telamonia dimidiata with recently moulted female. 10-15, Male moving about in the vicinity of the female.
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