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1,730 results for “Pollination”
Native and exotic plants play different roles in urban pollination networks across seasons
<p>Datasets for 'Native and exotic plants play different roles in urban pollination networks across seasons' by Zaninotto et al. (2023) in Oecologia.</p>
Soybean dependence on biotic pollination decreases with latitude - Data and Computer code
<p>Release of Datasets and R scripts needed to reproduce the analyses and figures published in the article <em>'Soybean dependence on biotic pollination decreases with latitude'</em>, published in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Volume 347, 1 May 2023, 108376. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108376">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108376</a></p> <p><strong>Highlights</strong></p> <ul> <li>In the absence of pollinators, soybean yield decreases between 0 and ~50%.</li> <li>Variation in pollinator dependence (PD) was found to be structured latitudinally.</li> <li>PD decreases at high latitudes due to an apparently higher incidence of autogamy.</li> <li>Temperature and photoperiod could play an important role in determining PD.</li> <li>Changes in cleistogamy and androsterility might explain the reported trends.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Identifying large-scale patterns of variation in pollinator dependence (PD) in crops is important from both basic and applied perspectives. Evidence from wild plants indicates that this variation can be structured latitudinally. Individuals from populations at high latitudes may be more selfed and less dependent on pollinators due to higher environmental instability and overall lower temperatures, environmental conditions that may affect pollinator availability. However, whether this pattern is similarly present in crops remains unknown. Soybean (Glycine max), one of the most important crops globally, is partially self-pollinated and autogamous, exhibiting large variation in the extent of PD (from a 0 to ~50% decrease in yield in the absence of animal pollination). We examined latitudinal variation in soybean's PD using data from 28 independent studies distributed along a wide latitudinal gradient (4-43 degrees). We estimated PD by comparing yields between open pollinated and pollinator-excluded plants. In the absence of pollinators, soybean yield was found to decrease by an average of ~30%. However, PD decreases abruptly at high latitudes, suggesting a relative increase in autogamous seed production. Pollinator supplementation does not seem to increase seed production at any latitude. We propose that latitudinal variation in PD in soybean may be driven by temperature and photoperiod affecting the expression of cleistogamy and androsterility. Therefore, an adaptive mating response to an unpredictable pollinator environment apparently common in wild plants can also be imprinted in highly domesticated and genetically-modified crops.</p> <p><strong>Content</strong></p> <p>The dataset consists of two files</p> <p>1 - <a href="https://github.com/NERC-CEH/Soybean-dependence-on-biotic-pollination-decreases-with-latitude/blob/main/%5Bdata%5D%20Cunha%20et%20al.%20MS_soybean.xlsx">[data] Cunha et al. MS_soybean.xlsx</a> is an excel file with two sheets, <strong>data</strong> and <strong>data_map</strong>. These sheets contain the data used in the models defined in the R script <a href="https://github.com/NERC-CEH/Soybean-dependence-on-biotic-pollination-decreases-with-latitude/blob/main/%5BR%20script%5D%20Cunha%20et%20al.%20MS_soybean.R">[R script] Cunha et al. MS_soybean.R</a>.</p> <ul> <li> <p>1.1 The <strong>data</strong> sheet contains the variables:</p> <ul> <li>Value = log_ratios</li> <li>Lat = latitude in decimal degrees</li> <li>Variable = yield component</li> <li>Treatment = treatment type for comparing pollinator dependence</li> <li>Reference_Data_owner = study ID where the data was obtained</li> <li>Site = site within the study where each field experiment was performed</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>1.2 The <strong>data_map</strong> sheet contains information used for plotting the geographical distribution of the used studies:</p> <ul> <li>Reference_Data_owner = study ID where the data was obtained</li> <li>Country = country where the study was performed</li> <li>Province = province where the study was performed</li> <li>Locality/Farm = locality where the study was performed</li> <li>Lat = latitude in decimal degrees</li> <li>Long = longitude in decimal degrees</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>2 - <a href="https://github.com/NERC-CEH/Soybean-dependence-on-biotic-pollination-decreases-with-latitude/blob/main/%5Bdata%5D%20Cunha%20et%20al.%20MS_soybean%20%5Bdate_photoperiod%5D.csv">[data] Cunha et al. MS_soybean [date_photoperiod].csv</a> is a comma-separated file that contains the information used in the R script <a href="https://github.com/NERC-CEH/Soybean-dependence-on-biotic-pollination-decreases-with-latitude/blob/main/%5BR%20script%5D%20Cunha%20et%20al.%20AGEE%20-%20gee_temp_ts_extract.R">[R script] Cunha et al. AGEE - gee_temp_ts_extract.R</a> and produces Figure S2.</p> <ul> <li> <p>2.1 The dataset contains the following variables:</p> <ul> <li>study_ID = study ID number where the data was obtained</li> <li>study_ref = study ID where the data was obtained</li> <li>latitude = latitude in decimal degrees</li> <li>longitude = longitude in decimal degrees</li> <li>date1 = date of the sowing or flowering when the experiment was done</li> <li>date2 = a second date, when available, of the sowing or flowering when the experiment was done</li> <li>event = if the date was related to the sowing of seeds or flowering of soybean.</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data from: Butterflies are not a robust bioindicator for assessing pollinator communities, but floral resources offer a promising way forward
<p>Monitoring pollinators is crucial for the evaluation of biodiversity and potential pollination services. Yet, efficiently monitoring multiple taxa over large areas can be costly. An alternative approach is using simple species bioindicators that represent the entire pollinator community. One of the requirements of a good bioindicator is that it can be easily identified to lower taxonomic levels and be sensitive to changes in habitat. This is the case for butterflies, a taxon for which many countries have a country-wide long-term monitoring scheme. We tested whether butterfly diversity can be used to predict diversity of bees and hoverflies both spatially and temporally. We surveyed 42 transects of the Dutch Butterfly Monitoring Scheme in 2020, to record species richness and abundance of butterflies, bees and hoverflies. We also recorded flower area and richness in the pollinator transects. To test whether pollinators with similar functional traits are more closely correlated than the entire pollinator community, we categorized bee and butterfly species according to their diet breadth (polyphagous vs. non-polyphagous), nitrogen-affinity (nitrophobous vs. nitrophilous larval resources) and body size. We used the same methods to test for temporal correlations over seven years for one site in Spain. Butterfly richness was not spatially correlated with bee richness (Pearson's r = 0.13), nor were the two taxa temporally correlated (Pearson's r = 0.02). Interestingly, hoverfly richness was spatially correlated with butterfly richness (Pearson's r = 0.43) and with bee richness (Pearson's r = 0.36) in the Netherlands and, hence, hoverflies might be slightly more suitable as a bioindicator of pollinator diversity in this area. Abundance of all three taxa showed no significant inter-correlation, except for correlations between diet specialist bees and butterflies (Pearson's r = 0.39). Importantly, all three taxa were strongly correlated with flower richness, but they varied in their preferences for host plant families. This is in line with 75% of the plant-pollinator studies finding significant positive relations. For monitoring schemes to be effective in informing better pollinator conservation, they should expand to include bees and hoverflies as well as simple indicators of habitat quality such as floral resources.</p>
Data for 'Floral color and family drive contrasting plant-pollinator responses to nutrient enrichment' by Rebecca A. Nelson, Elizabeth T. Borer, and Eric W. Seabloom 2025. Collected in California grasslands 2023 and 2024.
Data for analysis of how flower color and family mediate plant-pollinator response to nutrient enrichment. Data on pollinator visitation and flower abundance were collected in three California grasslands in 2023 and 2024 from a factorial experimental in which combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with micronutrients were applied.
Data for "Pollinator Conservation Paradox: Exotic Forbs Support Native Pollinators Under Global Changes" by Nelson, Seabloom and Borer 2025, California grasslands, 2023-2024
Data for analysis on how plant provenance mediates plant-pollinator interaction responses to fertilization and herbivore exclusion, associated with Nelson, Seabloom, and Borer 2025. Data on pollinator visitation and floral abundance were collected in plots that received factorial experimental treatments of combined nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with micronutrients by herbivore exclusion fencing in three California grasslands in 2023-2024.
Individual and community flowering phenology, seed counts and pollinator visitation rates in shrub and open plots across Niwot Ridge, 2019 - 2021.
Climate-change induced alterations in environmental conditions in the alpine tundra has led to the expansion of woody shrubs, known as “shrubification.” Shrubification is thought to change microclimatic conditions, potentially leading to changes in plant community composition. Shrubification has been taking place at Niwot Ridge, a Long Term Ecological Research site nestled in the mountains of Colorado, for the past 40 years. Thus far, Niwot Ridge has seen some change in alpine plant communities due to shrubification, and changes in plant reproductive capacity and success could lead to future alterations of community composition. One important aspect in plant reproductive success is the timing of flowering, known as flowering phenology. Flowering phenology is controlled partially by environmental conditions, and thus is somewhat plastic for many species. In the first part of my thesis, I explore how shrubification may be causing changes in flowering phenology for 21 different plant species in the alpine tundra community at Niwot Ridge. I conducted an observational study over three years, monitoring the number of flowers present in 54 pairs of shrub-influenced and open plots, totaling 108 plots. I found that there is no difference in the flowering phenology between open and shrub-influenced plots. There is a measurable difference in the number of flowers produced between shrub and open plots, with open plots having more flowers on average, This difference is likely due to there being fewer plants in shrub-influenced plots. A second aspect explores shrub effects on the reproductive success of five different alpine species. In the field season of 2021, I took seeds from these five species from 12 pairs of shrub and open plots, totaling 24 plots. I counted and weighed the seeds to determine reproductive success; there was no difference in reproductive success between shrub and open plots.
Individual-based plant-pollinator networks are structured by phenotypic and microsite plant traits
<p>Dataset associated with the manuscript "Individual-based plant-pollinator networks are structured by phenotypic and microsite plant traits" (Arroyo-Correa et al. 2020), including plant-pollinator interactions, individual plant attributes and the plant polygon map created with drone flights. </p>
Fig. 6 in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 6. Phenotypic variation among the four species represented by the first two coordinate axes of a principal component analysis.Twelve morphological characters were analyzed (Table 3). A Mantel test of the multivariate morphological differences among species was highly significant (P <0.0001). In addition, LO1 shows further differentiation based on geography, with distinct clusters recovered for both Baja and Sonora samples.
Fig. 5. Bayesian skyline plots for three Idarnes species. X in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 5. Bayesian skyline plots for three Idarnes species. X-axes are in units of mutations per site, while y-axes are in units of effective population size scaled by mutation rate. LO1 shows sharp growth in population size, whereas SO1 and SO2 show a similar pattern of consistent population size through time with minimal growth. LO2 was not included as it contains two cryptic species reducing sample sizes too low for analysis.
Fig. 2. A in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 2. A habitus drawing of an Idarnes wasp. The drawing represents a wasp from the LO1 species associated with host Ficus petiolaris. Illustrated are the 12 morphological characters measured for analysis.The characters are as follows: 1) presence of antennal setulae, 2) number of antennal segments, 3) scape length, 4) scape color (amber vs dark), 5) head width, 6) inter-antennal distance, 7) facial width, 8) collar length, 9) stigmal vein length, 10) femur color (amber vs dark), 11) body length, and 12) ovipositor length.
Fig. 3 in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 3. Maximum-clade credibility tree for Idarnes mtDNA sequences from wasps associated with Ficus petiolaris. Four distinct clades (LO1, SO1, LO2, SO2) each with a posterior probability of 1.0 were recovered.There is little information in the data as to how these four clades are related. Posterior probabilities ≥0.50 are presented.Taxon names are composed of clade name, locality number, and internal lab numbers. In addition, LO1 sequences show phylogeographic structure, with sequences primarily clustering based on if sampled from Baja California (BC) or Sonora (S). One sequence (denoted with black box) is an exception, where the wasp was sampled from Sonora (locale 12; see Fig. 1) yet clusters with Baja California sequences.
Fig. 7 in Revision of the palm-pollinating weevil genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Derelomini) with descriptions of two new species
Fig. 7. Adults of Elaeidobius plagiatus (Fåhraeus, 1844) comb. nov. (left) and E. subvittatus (Faust, 1898) (right) feeding on male inflorescence of Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
Fig. 3 in Revision of the palm-pollinating weevil genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Derelomini) with descriptions of two new species
Fig. 3. Head and prothorax in lateral view of species of Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Part 2). A. E. pilimargo Haran & Kuschel sp. nov. (JHAR00409). B. E. piliventris Haran & Kuschel sp. nov. (JHAR02182). C. E. plagiatus (Fåhraeus, 1844) comb. nov. (JHAR00272). D. E. singularis (Faust, 1898) comb. nov. (JHAR00283). Not to scale.
Fig. 6 in Revision of the palm-pollinating weevil genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Derelomini) with descriptions of two new species
Fig. 6. Preliminary phylogenetic tree of the genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 inferred from COII fragment sequences (730 bp). Bootstrap support values were obtained for 1000 replicates. * = bootstrap values above 70; ** = bootstrap values above 90.
Figure 2 in First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs
Figure 2. Linear regression between Idarnes carme sp. gp ovipositor sheath lengths and median host fig diameters. Lines represent fitted model (red) and fig diameter ±95% CI (blue) for a 1.2 mm ovipositor sheath length, which represents the ovipositor sheath length of I. thanatos sp. nov. Each point represents a different fig wasp species and the fig diameter of its host species.
Relaxation of purifying selection suggests low effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera and solitary pollinating bees
<p>Data and results of the paper "Relaxation of purifying selection suggests low effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera and solitary pollinating bees".</p> <p>- data_table_species.csv: contains life-history and geographical range descriptors, terminal branch length and genomic estimated values for each substitution category, for each species in the dataset. Contains results obtained with both the complete data set and the subsampled dataset with 88 species.</p> <p>- data_table_genes.csv: contains values of substitution count that are sums of the values obtained for every species in the alignment. Also contains the results of HyPhy RELAX analyses for each alignment.</p> <p>- data_table_genes_species.csv: contains estimated values for each substitution category for each species in each alignment. Contains results obtained with both the complete data set and the subsampled dataset with 88 species.</p> <p> </p>
Data and R code from: Pollination interactions reveal direct costs and indirect benefits of plant–plant facilitation for ecosystem engineers
Ecosystem engineers substantially modify the environment via their impact on abiotic conditions and the biota, resulting in facilitation of associated species that would not otherwise grow. Yet, reciprocal effects are poorly understood as studies of plant–plant interactions usually estimate only benefits for associated species while hardly considering how another trophic level may mediate direct and indirect effects for ecosystem engineers. We run a field experiment with ecosystem engineers blooming either alone or with associated plants to decompose net effects and to test the hypothesis that pollinator-mediated interactions provide benefits which balance costs of facilitation by ecosystem engineers. We found that net costs of facilitation are accompanied by pollinator-mediated benefits. Despite ecosystem engineers producing less flowers per plant, they were visited by more and more diverse pollinators per flower when blooming with associated plants than when blooming alone. However, fruit set was unaffected by the presence of associated plants and seed production per plant was higher when ecosystem engineers bloomed alone. Our findings suggest that besides experiencing direct costs, ecosystem engineers can also benefit from facilitating other species via increasing their own visibility to pollinators. This study illuminates how the outcome of direct plant–plant interactions might be mediated by indirect interactions including third players.
No severe genetic bottleneck in a rapidly range-expanding bumblebee pollinator
<p>Genetic bottlenecking can limit the success of populations colonising new ranges. However, successful colonisations can occur despite bottlenecking, a phenomenon known as the genetic paradox of invasion. Eusocial Hymenoptera such as bumblebees (<em>Bombus</em> spp.) should be particularly vulnerable to genetic bottlenecking, since homozygosity at the sex-determining locus leads to costly diploid male production. The Tree Bumblebee (<em>B. hypnorum</em>) has rapidly colonised the UK since 2001 and has been highlighted as exemplifying the genetic paradox of invasion. Using microsatellite genotyping, combined with the first genetic estimates of diploid male production in UK B. hypnorum, we tested two alternative genetic hypotheses ('bottleneck' and 'gene flow' hypotheses) for B. hypnorum's colonisation of the UK. We found that the UK population has not undergone a recent severe genetic bottleneck and exhibits levels of genetic diversity falling between those of widespread and range-restricted<em> Bombus</em> species. Diploid males occurred in 15.4% of reared colonies, leading to an estimate of 21.5 alleles at the sex-determining locus. Overall, the findings show that this population is not bottlenecked, instead suggesting that it is experiencing continued gene flow from the continental European source population with only moderate loss of genetic diversity, and does not exemplify the genetic paradox of invasion.</p>
Dataset and full R script used in the data analysis of the paper "Overlooked and undervalued: Peripheral pollinators in an urban network"
<p>Dataset and full R script used in the data analysis of the paper "<strong>Overlooked and undervalued: Peripheral pollinators in an urban network</strong>".</p> <p>Summary:</p> <p>Since insect pollinators are essential for their ecological and agricultural roles, their conservation should be a priority, particularly in the remnant green spaces within highly urbanised cities. To gain insight into the occurrence of interactions between plants and often overlooked pollinators, and into their requirements for persistence over time in urban green spaces, we studied flower visitor diversity associated with a remnant of native vegetation in Cordoba (Argentina), one of the largest cities in South America. We recorded 198 insect species from six orders (Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Thysanoptera, and Hemiptera) interacting with the flowers of 94 plant species. The plant-pollinator interaction network was significantly modular, with 178 pollinators playing a peripheral role (i.e., it has a few links inside its own module and rarely any to other modules). We focused on the life history traits of these peripheral pollinators, which are often neglected in ecological studies. We classified their requirements to complete the life cycle and to persist over time into three broad categories: floral rewards, places to reproduce, and additional resources for food and nests. The life cycle requirements of peripheral pollinators differ significantly across insect orders. Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera have distinct life history requirements while Diptera and Coleoptera overlap in resource use. The three life history categories highlight how pollinators displayed different foraging behaviour, reproductive strategies of immature and adult stages, and the requirement of additional food resources used by larvae and adults beyond flower rewards to complete their life cycles. Knowledge about the requirements of neglected pollinators is a benchmark that can help to identify where efforts need to be made to conserve and maintain their biodiversity, even in small urban green spaces.</p>
Yield increases mediated by pollination and carbon payments can offset restoration costs in coffee landscapes
<p>This dataset and code can be used to reproduce results from the article with the same title</p> <p>The scripts to generate the farm-level scenarios and the regional-level scenarios are as following:</p> <ul> <li><strong>farm-level</strong> = <em>optimization_scenarios.R</em></li> <li><strong>regional-level</strong> = <em>optimization_scenarios_rl.R</em></li> </ul> <p>The <strong>properties boundaries</strong> and <strong>APP limits</strong> for the municipalities considered in this study can be obtained from the adress:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.car.gov.br/publico/imoveis/index">https://www.car.gov.br/publico/imoveis/index</a>.</li> </ul> <p>The <strong>list of municipalities</strong> is located at the file "list_mun.csv" within the tables folder.</p> <p>The raster with <strong>land-use and land-cover classes</strong> is classified as follows:</p> <ul> <li>class 0: all other uses;</li> <li>class 1: natural vegetation;</li> <li>class 2: coffee;</li> </ul> <p>The <strong>estimated yield per property</strong> is at the yield_estimation.csv file. Each property (n=507) is identified with an unique ID. The dataframe contains:</p> <ul> <li>the predicted yield in coffee bags/ha (<em>predictec_coffee_bags</em>);</li> <li>yield in USD/ha (<em>yield_USD_future</em>); the difference in yield bewteen the future scenarios and the baseline scenario (<em>diff_USD</em>);</li> <li>the net present value of the difference between the future scenarios and the baseline (<em>npv_yield_USD_future</em>)</li> </ul> <p>The script "merging_scen_land_use.R" was used to combine the restoration scenarios generated by the optimization model with the baseline land-use and land-cover;</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
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