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77 results for “Posidonia”
Report of the Posidonia data set done at the CIEM wave flume on 2008
<p>The data set presents the results from experiments done in the CIEM large wave flume of Barcelona on wave and flow attenuation by a full-scale artificial Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow in shallow water conditions. </p> <p>More information can be found on the published papers:</p> <p>Manca, E., I. Caceres, J. Alsina, V. Stratigaki, I. Townend, C.L. Amos., 2012. Wave energy and wave-induced flow reduction by full-scale model Posidonia oceanica seagrass. Continental Shelf Research, Vol. 50-51 ,pp. 100 - 116.</p> <p>Stratigaki, V., Manca, E., Prinos, P., Losada, I., Lara, J., Sclavo, M., Amos, C., Cáceres, I. and Sánchez-Arcilla, A., 2011. Large-scale experiments on wave propagation over Posidonia oceanica. Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 49, pp. 31-43.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 3 in The oldest "intermetamorphic" larva of an achelatan lobster from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, South Germany
Fig. 3. Size comparison of different non-phyllosoma type achelatan larvae. All specimens as idealised restorations. The light grey areas represent body parts not being preserved, but inferred. A. Polzicaris sahelalmae (based on Haug et al. 2013a). B. SMNS 70449. C. "Palinurina" tenera, earliest (C1) and largest (C2) known stage (based on Haug and Haug 2016). D. Cancrinos claviger, earlier larva still possessing exopods (D1), later larva with exopods already absent (D2), possible juvenile, yet without triangular sternum (D3) (D1, D2, based on Haug et al. 2013a; D3, based on Haug and Haug 2015).
Fig. 1 in The oldest "intermetamorphic" larva of an achelatan lobster from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, South Germany
Fig. 1. Larva of Achelata gen. et sp. indet. (SMNS 70449), Toarcian, Lower Jurassic, Gomaringen, Southern Germany. A. Composite microscopic photograph under cross-polarised light. B. Colour-marked photograph indicating the visible structures. Abbreviations: ba, basipod; cx, coxa; e1–5, endopod element 1–5; m3, maxilliped 3; p2–6, pleon segment 2–6; t4–8, thoracic appendages 4–8 ("pereiopods" 1–5).
Fig. 2 in The oldest "intermetamorphic" larva of an achelatan lobster from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale, South Germany
Fig. 2. Larva of Achelata gen. et sp. indet. (SMNS 70449), Toarcian, Lower Jurassic, Gomaringen, Southern Germany. A. Stereo-image showing original relief of the fossil; based on virtual surface. B. Depth-inverted stereo-image showing morphologically correct relief in ventral view. Please use red-cyan glasses to view A and B. C. Non-stereo image; colour-marked are the elevations of the thoracic sternum.
Posidonia oceanica meadows (1120) Spetses island
<p>This layer has derived from a habitat classification using satelite imagery and ground truthing data, in the context of REPOSIDONIA project. The project was implemented by iSea in collaboration with terraSolutions mer and funded by Argolic Environment Foundation. More detailed info on the product and appropriate citetation can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8127487</p>
Posidonia oceanica meadows (1120) Velopoula
<p>This layer has derived from a habitat classification using satelite imagery and ground truthing data, in the context of REPOSIDONIA project. The project was implemented by iSea in collaboration with terraSolutions mer and funded by Argolic Environment Foundation. More detailed info on the product and appropriate citetation can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8127487</p>
Posidonia oceanica meadows (1120) Nisyros,Gyali and surrounding islands
<p>This layer has derived from a habitat classification using satelite imagery and ground truthing data, in the context of REPOSIDONIA project. The project was implemented by iSea in collaboration with MER and terraSolutions mer and funded by Blue Marine Foundation. More detailed info on the product and appropriate citation can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8127444</p>
Posidonia oceanica meadows (1120) Formicula island
<p>This layer has derived from a habitat classification using satelite imagery and ground truthing data, in the context of REPOSIDONIA project. The project was implemented by iSea in collaboration with MER and terraSolutions mer and funded by Blue Marine Foundation. More detailed info on the product and appropriate citation can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8127444</p>
Figure 1 in Patterns of spatial variability of mobile macro-invertebrate assemblages within a Posidonia oceanica meadow
Figure 1. Map of Pianosa Island. Stars indicate the study areas.
Data from: Skeletal microstructure of Stenopterygius quadriscissus (Reptilia, Ichthyosauria) from the Posidonienschiefer (Posidonia Shale, Lower Jurassic) of Germany
Ichthyosaurians (Ichthyosauria) are a major clade of secondarily aquatic marine tetrapods that occupied several major predatory niches during the Mesozoic Era. Multiple lines of evidence including isotopic, body shape and swimming modality analyses suggest they exhibited elevated growth and metabolic rates, and body temperatures. However, applications of osteohistological methods to test hypotheses regarding their physiology are few. Previous studies focused on the humeri, vertebrae and ribs from a small number of taxa. Here, we use osteohistological methods to describe the bone microstructure of over 30 cranial and post-cranial elements from a nearly complete, articulated individual of <i>Stenopterygius quadriscissus</i> from the Posidonienschiefer Formation (Posidonia Shale, Lower Jurassic) of Germany. The specimen shows highly vascularized primary bone and spongious secondary bone in its limbs, suggesting an overall shift to a lighter spongious structured skeleton was achieved through multiple developmental mechanisms. The modified perichondral ossification in elements of the limbs distal to the stylopodium informs our understanding of functional morphology, including hydrodynamic forces on the paddles. The ribs show variation in cortical thickness and trabecular organization along their length. Cyclical growth is inferred from changes in vascularization and osteocyte density as well as the presence of annuli in primary fibrolamellar bone. Cranial elements, due to their relative density and better preservation of growth marks, may prove to be of particular importance in future skeletochronological studies of post-Triassic ichthyosaurians. We infer and corroborate hypotheses of elevated growth rates and metabolic rates in ichthyosaurians, and the potential for thermoregulation similar to extant homeothermic ectotherms.
Dataset: Experimental carbon emissions from degraded Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows under current and future summer temperatures.
<p> Experimental carbon emissions from degraded Mediterranean seagrass (<em>Posidonia oceanica</em>) meadows.</p> <p> </p> <p>Guillem Roca, Javier Palacios, Sergio Ruíz-Halpern, Núria Marbà</p> <p>Contact details: Guillem Roca, guillemrocac@gmail.com</p> <p>Issue date:</p> <p>Identifier:</p> <p> </p> <p>Citation: Roca, Guillem; Palacios, Javier; Ruíz-Halpern, Marbà, Núria;</p> <p>Experimental carbon emissions from degraded Mediterranean seagrass (<em>Posidonia oceanica</em>) meadows. [Dataset]</p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract: The dataset provides data on sediment C0<sub>2 </sub>efflux rates (μmol CO<sub>2 </sub>m<sup>-2 </sup>s<sup>-1</sup>), carbon emissions during the experiment (gm<sup>-2</sup>), % Organic Carbon, Organic Matter content (g m<sup>-2</sup>) of the <em>Posidonia oceanica</em> seagrass sediments collected in Pollença bay (North of Mallorca Island). Sediments were cultivated in 5 different seawater temperature treatments and two different agitation conditions.</p> <p> </p> <p>Keywords: C0<sub>2 </sub>efflux rates, C0<sub>2</sub> emissions, Sediment, Seagrass, <em>Posidonia Oceanica</em>, experiment, temperature treatment, Sediment suspension Blue carbon, Organic Carbon.</p> <p> </p> <p>Description: The dataset contains data on sediment C0<sub>2 </sub>efflux rates, carbon emissions during the experiment (gm<sup>-2</sup>), % Organic Carbon, Organic Matter content of the <em>Posidonia oceanica</em> seagrass sediments collected in Pollença bay (North of Mallorca Island). Sediments were cultivated in 5 different seawater temperature treatments and two different agitation conditions. Sediments used in the experiment were extracted in October 2017 from the <em>P. Oceanic</em>a meadow of Pollença in Mallorca Island at six-meter depth Figure (1). Sediments were sampled in October 2017 using sediment cores (9 cm ID and 30cm long) and directly transported to the laboratory. Only the top 10 cm of the sediment cores were used since this fraction is the most susceptible to erosion. Living seagrass tissues (roots, rhizomes, and leaves) were removed and sediment was mixed and homogenized. 40ml of sediments were poured into glass containers of 750ml with 500ml of seawater. Finally, each recipient contained a sediment layer of approximately 1.1cm in each container. Containers were placed at five different temperature baths (26,27.5, 29, 30.5, 32 ºC) simulating summer temperatures in the bay (Garcias-Bonet et al., 2019) at different agitation regimes (agitation/repose) to simulate exposed and sheltered conditions.10 containers were sampled right after the experiment started to provide initial sediment conditions. Five containers per temperature and agitation treatment were removed 7, 21, 43, 67, and 98 days from the experiment start, to analyse sediment organic matter and CaCO<sub>3</sub> content. CO<sub>2</sub> incubations were run 5, 14, 56, and 91 days from the experiment start. Sampling times were distributed considering that organic matter remineralisation was likely to follow an exponential trend, including a rapid phase of loss of the more labile material followed by a slower loss of more recalcitrant substrates (Arndt et al., 2013). The experiment was run in the dark to avoid photosynthesis in an isothermal chamber at 21ºC.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Organic Carbon analysis</strong></p> <p>In each sampling time, organic matter content in sediments (OM %DW) was estimated as the percentage weight loss of dry sediment sample after combustion at 550ºC for 4 hours. Organic carbon (Corg) was calculated from OM content using the relation described in (Mazarrasa et al., 2017b)</p> <p> </p> <p>y = 0.29x – 0.64; (R2=0.98, p< 0.0001, n=60)</p> <p> </p> <p>OM and POC stocks along the experiment (mg OM ml-1 and mg POC ml-1) were estimated by multiplying the OM and POC (%DW) by the sediment dry weight (mg) remaining in each experimental unit and standardized to the initial volume of sediment (40 ml) introduced in every glass container. Inorganic carbon was estimated as the percentage weight loss of already combusted sediment (550ºC) after combustion at 1000ºC.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Sediment CO<sub>2</sub> production</strong></p> <p>Container headspace CO<sub>2</sub> gas concentration was measured during 20 minutes continuum incubations (4 replicates) in each temperature and agitation treatment in all sampling times. CO<sub>2</sub> air concentration measures were carried out using an Infra Red Gas Analyser EGM4 from PPSystems. Concentration of dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> in seawater (in μmol CO<sub>2</sub> L<sup>−1</sup>) was calculated from the concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> (in ppm) measured in headspace air samples after equilibration as described in (Garcias-Bonet and Duarte, 2017; Wilson et al., 2012). Briefly, we calculate the dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> remaining in seawater after equilibration with the air phase ([CO<sub>2</sub>]SW−eq) by,</p> <p> </p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]SW−eq = 10−6 β [C CO<sub>2</sub>]Air P</p> <p> </p> <p>where β is the Bunsen solubility coefficient of CO<sub>2</sub>, calculated according to Wiesenburg and Guinasso (1979), as a function of seawater temperature and salinity; [CO<sub>2</sub>]Air is the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration measured in containers headspace air (in ppm) and P is the atmospheric pressure (in atm) of dry air that was corrected by the effect of multiple sampling applying Boyle’s Law. Then, the initial CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in seawater before the equilibrium ([CO<sub>2]SW</sub>−before eq) was calculated (in ml CO<sub>2</sub> /ml H<sub>2</sub>O) by,</p> <p> </p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]<sub>SW−before eq</sub> = ([CH<sub>4</sub>]<sub>SW−eq</sub> V<sub>Sw</sub> + 10−6 ([CO<sub>2</sub>]Air −[CO<sub>2</sub>]<sub>Air background</sub>) V<sub>Air</sub>)/V<sub>SW</sub></p> <p> </p> <p>Where V<sub>Sw</sub> is the volume of seawater in the core or in the seawater closed circuit, [CO<sub>2</sub>]<sub>Air background</sub> is the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> background level and V<sub>Air</sub> is the volume of the headspace or the closed air circuit. Finally, the initial CO<sub>2</sub> concentration was transformed to µmol CH<sub>4</sub> L<sup>−1</sup> by applying the ideal gas law.</p> <p>CO<sub>2</sub> efflux values were calculated from CO<sub>2</sub> variation per time unit. Then, we converted the rates to aerial (taking in account container surface) base, and thickness (in μmol m<sup>-2 </sup>s<sup>-1</sup>).</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Flowering, seed production, predation and recruitment of Posidonia australis
<p>The drivers and bottlenecks of sexual reproduction in seagrasses are a crucial element in their conservation and restoration, determining resilience over ecological and evolutionary timescales. We collected flowering, seed production, and seedling establishment data for the seagrass Posidonia australis annually between 2013-2018 in meadows at six locations around Rottnest Island, Western Australia. We present data on inflorescence and vegetative shoot density, reproductive effort, flower and seed density, seed to ovule ratio, seed predation, and seedling survival. We found variable annual rates of flowering and seed production among meadows and between years. Some meadows, however, flowered more intensely and produced more seeds across the years of the survey. Inter-site and inter-annual variation in seed production, the stochastic nature of weather during seed release, and the large, but variable, impact of seed predation are likely the principle drivers of successful recruitment into established meadows and in colonising unvegetated sands. We propose that for the long-lived and persistent <em>P. australis</em>, variable annual reproductive investment increases the probability of low levels of continuous recruitment from seed in this seagrass, despite high rates of abiotic and biotic disturbance at seedling, shoot and patch scales.</p>
Restoration efforts of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica: a collated evidence review dataset
<p><span>Seagrass meadows are important shallow coastal ecosystems due to their contribution to enhancing biodiversity, nutrient cycling, carbon burial, and sediment stabilisation, but the maintenance of their integrity has been threatened by several anthropogenic disturbances. Active restoration is considered a reliable strategy to enhance recovery of seagrass ecosystems, and decision making for correct seagrass restoration management requires relying on valuable information regarding the effectiveness of past restoration actions and experimental efforts. </span>Previous experimental efforts and human-mediated active restoration actions of the slow growing seagrass <em>Posidonia oceanica</em> have been collated here by combining a literature systematic review and questionnaires consulting seagrass ecology experts. Overall, the poor consistency of the available information on <em>P. oceanica</em> restoration may be due to the wide portfolio of practices and methodologies used in different conditions, that supports the need of further field manipulative experiments in various environmental contexts to fill the identified knowledge gaps. The current situation requires an international, collaborative effort from scientists and stakeholders to jointly design the future strategy forward in identifying the best practices that lead to efficient restorations of <em>P. oceanica</em> habitat and functioning.</p>
Data for Ferretto et al, 2021 "Naturally-detached fragments of the endangered seagrass Posidonia australis collected by citizen scientists can be used to successfully restore fragmented meadows"
<p>Please find attached the data for the manuscript "Ferretto et al, 2021" and a brief description of each file.</p>
Preservational modes of some ichthyosaur soft tissues (Reptilia, Ichthyopterygia) from the Jurassic Posidonia Shale of Germany
<p><em><span>Konservat-Lagerstätten</span></em><span>, such as the Toarcian (Early Jurassic) Posidonia Shale of southwestern Germany, are renowned for their spectacular fossils. Ichthyosaur skeletons recovered from this formation are frequently associated with soft-tissues; however, the preserved material ranges from three-dimensional, predominantly phosphatized structures to dark films of mainly organic matter. We examined soft-tissue residues obtained from two ichthyosaur specimens using an integrated ultrastructural and geochemical approach. Our analyses revealed that the superficially-looking 'films' in fact comprise sections of densely aggregated melanosome (pigment) organelles sandwiched between phosphatized layers containing fibrous microstructures. We interpret this distinct layering as representing condensed and incompletely degraded integument from both sides of the animal. When compared against previously documented ichthyosaur fossils, it becomes readily apparent that a range</span> <span>of preservational modes exists between presumed 'phosphatic' and 'carbonized' soft-tissue remains. Some specimens show high structural fidelity (e.g., distinct integumentary layering), while others, including the fossils examined in this study, retain few original anatomical details. This diversity of soft-tissue preservational modes among Posidonia Shale ichthyosaurs offers a unique opportunity to examine different biostratinomic, taphonomic, and diagenetic variables that potentially could affect the process of fossilization. Soft-tissue preservation in the Posidonia Shale likely was regulated by a multitude of factors, including decay efficacy and speed of phosphatic mineral nucleation; these in turn were governed by a seafloor with sustained microbial mat activity fuelled by high organic matter input and seasonally fluctuating oxygen levels. </span></p>
Microsatellite genotypes for adult and seedlings of the temperate seagrass (ribbon weed), Posidonia australis, from four meadows at Rottnest Island, Western Australia
<p>Adult shoots and seedings of the ribbon weed (<em>Posidonia australis</em> Hook.f.), a widespread temperate seagrass, were sampled from four meadows around Rottnest Island, Western Australia. The data set contains multilocus genotypes for adult shoots from four meadows and seedlings from three meadows over two consecutive years. The metadata file contains: Pop number (1 – 10), Sample site, Latitude (S), Longitude (E), individual sample code, year of sampling, life stage (adult shoot or seedling), genotypes (2 columns per locus). The seven polymorphic microsatellite loci are: <em>Pa</em>A1, <em>Pa</em>A105, <em>Pa</em>A120, <em>Pa</em>B6, <em>Pa</em>B8, <em>Pa</em>B112, <em>Pa</em>D113. Most genotypes are diploid, however, 3N genotypes are included.</p>
Data from: Evaluating growth in Macrospondylus bollensis (Crocodylomorpha: Teleosauroidea) in the Toarcian Posidonia Shale, Germany
<p>The dataset includes raw data (S1 - S3), .txt files (S3) and R codes (S3). Raw data is comprised of bone element measurements. S3 is a compressed .zip folder which includes all data (code, raw and additional) that pertains to our (1) ANCOVA and (2) evolutionary allometry analyses. We have decided to keep all these files together in one folder for better access and to not mix them with our ontogenetic data. </p>
Data from: Skeletal microstructure of Stenopterygius quadriscissus (Reptilia, Ichthyosauria) from the Posidonienschiefer (Posidonia Shale, Lower Jurassic) of Germany
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Data from: Signs of local adaptation by genetic selection and isolation promoted by extreme temperature and salinity in the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms, environmental data and R scripts used in the work: A donor registry: Genomic analyses of Posidonia australis seagrass meadows identifies adaptive genotypes for future-proofing
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