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75 results for “Raw materials”
START video for the Raw Materials Week 2023
<p>START video for the Raw Materials Week 2023 (Brussels, 13-17 November, 2023), including an overview on the project and Starty on the Critical Raw Materials issues in the EU and the START contribution on that!</p>
Moth proboscis morphology material properties raw data
<p>Insects have evolved unique structures that host a diversity of material and mechanical properties, and the mouthparts (proboscis) of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are no exception. Here, we examined proboscis morphology and material properties from several previously unstudied moth lineages to determine if they relate to flower-visiting and non-flower-visiting feeding habits. Scanning electron microscopy and 3D imaging were used to study proboscis morphology and assess surface roughness patterns on the galeal surface, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to study patterns of cuticular autofluorescence, which was quantified with color analysis software. We found that moth proboscises display similar color and morphological patterns in relation to these feeding habits as those previously described for flower and non-flower-visiting butterflies. The distal region of proboscises of non-flower visitors is brush-like for augmented capillarity and exhibited blue autofluorescence, indicating the possible presence of resilin and increased flexibility. Flower visitors have smoother proboscises and show red autofluorescence, an indicator of high sclerotization, which is adaptive for floral tube entry. We propose the lepidopteran proboscis as a model structure for understanding how insects have evolved a suite of morphological and material adaptations to overcome the challenges of acquiring fluids from diverse sources.</p>
Geochemical and physical characterization of lithic raw materials in the Olduvai Basin, Tanzania
<p>The invention and proliferation of stone tool technology in the Early Stone Age (ESA) marks a watershed in human evolution. Patterns of lithic procurement, manufacture, use, and discard have much to tell us about ESA hominin cognition and land use. However, these issues cannot be fully explored outside the context of the physical attributes and spatio-temporal availability of the lithic raw materials themselves. The Olduvai Basin of northern Tanzania, which is home to both a wide variety of potential toolstones and a rich collection of ESA archaeological sites, provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the relationship between lithic technology and raw material characteristics. Here, we examine two attributes of the basin's igneous and metamorphic rocks: spatial location and fracture predictability. A total of 244 geological specimens were analyzed with non-destructive portable XRF (pXRF) to determine the geochemical distinctiveness of five primary and secondary sources, while 110 geological specimens were subjected to Schmidt rebound hardness tests to measure fracture predictability. Element concentrations derived via pXRF show significant differences between sources, and multivariate predictive models classify geological specimens with 75–80% accuracy. The predictive models identify Naibor Soit as the most likely source for a small sample of three lithic artifacts from Bed II, which supports the idea that this inselberg served as a source of toolstone during the early Pleistocene. Clear patterns in fracture predictability exist within and between both sources and rock types. Fine-grained volcanics show high rebound values (associated with high fracture predictability), while finer-grained metamorphics and coarsegrained gneisses show intermediate and low rebound values, respectively. Artifact data from Bed I and II suggest that fracture predictability played a role in raw material selection at some sites, but other attributes like durability, expediency, and nodule size and shape were more significant.</p>
Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity - Raw Data and Supplementary Materials
<p>Raw data and Supplementary Materials for the submitted Article Titled: "Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity". Submitted to Agronomy-Basel MDPI. </p>
Characterising the stone artefact raw materials at Liang Bua, Indonesia - Supplementary Information
<p>Supplementary Information, including data and R code, for the paper titled "Characterising the stone artefact raw materials at Liang Bua, Indonesia" by Sam Lin, Lloyd White, Jatmiko, I Made Agus Julianto, Matthew Tocheri and Thomas Sutikna.</p>
Applicability of new sustainable and efficient alginate-based composites for critical raw materials recovery: General composites fabrication optimization and adsorption performance evaluation
<p>This dataset contains the raw data for the publication "Applicability of new sustainable and efficient alginate-based composites for critical raw materials recovery: General composites fabrication optimization and adsorption performance evaluation" by Fila et al, published in Chemical Engineering Journal. The upload includes raw data of physicochemical characterizations of calcium alginate and its composites, i.e. alginate-biochar and alginate-clinoptilolite, including BET, SEM, TG, XPS and XRD analyses. </p>
Experimental raw data sets associated with certified reference material BAM-P115 (titanium dioxide) for comparison of nitrogen and argon sorption, available in the universal adsorption information format (AIF)
<p>These data sets serve as models for calculating the specific surface area (BET method) using gas sorption in accordance with ISO 9277.<br>The present measurements were carried out with nitrogen at 77 Kelvin and argon at 87 Kelvin.<br>It is recommended to use the following requirements for the molecular cross-sectional area:<br>Nitrogen: 0.1620 nm²<br>Argon: 0.1420 nm²</p> <p>Expected specific surface area for nitrogen (BET): 140 to 154 m²/g<br>Expected specific surface area for argon (BET): 129 to 135 m²/g</p> <p>Titanium dioxides certified with nitrogen sorption and additionally measured with argon for research purposes were used as sample material.<br>The resulting data sets are intended to serve as comparative data for own measurements and show the differences in sorption behaviour and evaluations between nitrogen and argon.<br>These data are stored in the universal AIF format (adsorption information format), which allows flexible use of the data.</p>
Experimental raw data sets associated with certified reference material BAM-P114 (titanium dioxide) for comparison of nitrogen and argon sorption, available in the universal adsorption information format (AIF)
<p>These data sets serve as models for calculating the specific surface area (BET method) using gas sorption in accordance with ISO 9277.<br>The present measurements were carried out with nitrogen at 77 Kelvin and argon at 87 Kelvin.<br>It is recommended to use the following requirements for the molecular cross-sectional area:<br>Nitrogen: 0.1620 nm²<br>Argon: 0.1420 nm²</p> <p>Expected specific surface area for nitrogen (BET): 24 to 25 m²/g<br>Expected specific surface area for argon (BET): 20 m²/g</p> <p>Titanium dioxides certified with nitrogen sorption and additionally measured with argon for research purposes were used as sample material.<br>The resulting data sets are intended to serve as comparative data for own measurements and show the differences in sorption behaviour and evaluations between nitrogen and argon.<br>These data are stored in the universal AIF format (adsorption information format), which allows flexible use of the data.</p>
Raw Data and Codes for the Article "Strain-Affected Ferroelastic Domain Walls in RbMnFe Charge-Transfer Materials undergoing collective Jahn-Teller Distortion"
<p>Dataset for the article "Strain-Affected Ferroelastic Domain Walls in RbMnFe Charge-Transfer Materials undergoing collective Jahn-Teller Distortion", containing:</p> <ul> <li>The data and the codes used to generate the figures</li> </ul>
Sorption strategies for recovering critical raw materials: Extracting trace elements from saltworks brines
<p><span>Rising population, industrialisation, and resource demand intensify resource limitations, particularly critical for European Union (EU) industries dependent on raw materials. Based on economic importance and supply risk, 32 Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) and two strategic raw materials were identified in 2023. With most CRMs sourced outside the EU, sea mining emerges as a promising secondary resource for CRMs extraction from seawater, although the harvest of Trace Elements (TEs) will require energy-intensive processes. Several EU-funded projects explore circular economy and resource recovery, considering sorption methods’ potential to extract TEs from brines. Commercial polymeric (IRC747, S940, MTX8010) and inorganic (SbTreat, SrTreat) sorbents, plus another synthesised inorganic one (CuHCF), were assessed for recovering TEs (cobalt, gallium, germanium, rubidium, strontium, caesium) from saltworks brines (bitterns). Polymeric sorbents, containing chelating functional groups, effectively targeted cobalt, gallium, and strontium, commercial inorganic sorbents favoured cobalt, gallium, germanium and strontium, and CuHCF targeted rubidium and caesium. Kinetic batch experiments demonstrated rapid element retention (≤30 min) by most sorbents. In dynamic column experiments, high sorption capacities were observed for cobalt and gallium with the polymeric sorbents, particularly for aminophosphonic sorbents (IRC747 and S940) (≥2.1 mg/g). SrTreat exhibited also a high sorption capacity of 7 mg/g for strontium, SbTreat achieved 20 mg/g for gallium and germanium and CuHCF retained rubidium (10 mg/g) and caesium (70 mg/g). Acidic desorption effectively recovered (>70 %) most of the elements from the sorbents, achieving concentration factors up to 708 for cobalt with IRC747 and S940, highlighting the potential valorisation of saltworks bitterns.</span></p>
Raw images, video, and data file for the manuscript "Fabrication of Low-Cost, High-Resolution Open Capillary Microfluidics towards Self-Sustaining, Long-Term Hydration of Engineered Living Materials"
<p>This dataset includes the raw images and data file in the manuscript "Fabrication of Low-Cost, High-Resolution Open Capillary Microfluidics towards Self-Sustaining, Long-Term Hydration of Engineered Living Materials", specifically:</p> <ul> <li>Raw images for the optimized print with the PEGDA-glycerol-water resin (Figure 2 & Figure S2)</li> <li>Raw images for the optimized print with the PEGDA-glycerol-LB resin (Figure 2)</li> <li>Raw images for the optimized print with the BSA-PEGDA-water resin (Figure 3)</li> <li>Raw images and video for the spontaneous capillary flow of LB media in a PEGDA-glycerol-LB microfluidic chip (Figure 4)</li> <li>Raw data for the UV-vis spectrum of LB media (Figure S4)</li> </ul>
Forager mobility and lithic discard probability similarly affect the distance of raw material discard from source - Supplemental Material
<p>The data, R code and Netlogo model used in "Forager mobility and lithic discard probability similarly affect the distance of raw material discard from source".</p>
PUDL Raw Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Annual Natural Gas Report
<p>Annual reports submitted to PHMSA from gas distribution, gas gathering, gas transmission, liquefied natural gas, and underground gas storage system operators. Annual reports include information such as total pipeline mileage, facilities, commodities transported, miles by material, and installation dates. Archived from <a href="https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids">https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids</a></p> <p>This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by <a href="https://catalyst.coop">Catalyst Cooperative</a>. It is organized into <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Packages</a>. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/catalyst-cooperative/pudl">The PUDL Repository on GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="https://catalystcoop-pudl.readthedocs.io">PUDL Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/communities/catalyst-cooperative/">Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives</a></li> </ul> <p> </p>
raw data for a manuscript submitted to Materials and Structures Journal
<p>raw data for a manuscript submitted to Materials and Structures Journal. Includes: coating thickness, jointly with economic and environmental calculations</p>
Geochemical and physical characterization of lithic raw materials in the Olduvai Basin, Tanzania
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Moth proboscis morphology material properties raw data
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Raw data for "Are bioplastics and plant-based materials safer than conventional plastics? In vitro toxicity and chemical composition"
<p>This upload contains the raw data files from FTIR analysis (csv format) and the non-target chemical analysis (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, positive ionization, MS<sup>E</sup> acquisition, Waters raw format) associated with our publication "Are bioplastics and plant-based materials safer than conventional plastics? In vitro toxicity and chemical composition" published in Environment International (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106066). You will find all methodological details there.</p>
Strategic Game Theory Analysis of Digitalization in Raw Materials Manufacturing: A Case Study of China and Implications for Public Policy
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Raw data for the HiTIMe deliverable 1.3. - deliver material with magnetic dopants
<p>Raw data for the HiTIMe deliverable 1.3. - TEM, SEM, AFM images, EDS spectra </p>
DFT raw data for "Investigations on electron beam irradiated rare-earth doped SrF2 for application as low fading dosimeter material: Evidence for and DFT simulation of a radiation-induced phase"
<p>This is the DFT data for "<a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2022/tc/d2tc01773c">Investigations on electron beam irradiated rare-earth doped SrF2 for application as low fading dosimeter material: Evidence for and DFT simulation of a radiation-induced phase</a>" https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TC01773C . </p> <p>It includes all predicted structures, the structure optimizations and the phonon computations in VASP format. Phonon computations were performed with the finite displacement method.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.