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Figure 4 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 4: Isolate UE-5 (Aspergillus terreus). (A) Surface of colony, on potato dextrose agar after 6 days culture at 28 °C. (B) Reverse of colony. (C) Mycelia, conidiophores and conidia after 5 days culture. (D) Conidiophore with conidia. (E) Phylogenetic tree inferred from internal transcribed spacer sequences using maximum likelihood method.

Figure 3 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 3: Isolates UE-3 (Curvularia sp., A–C) and UE-4 (Curvularia moringae, D–H). (A) Surface of colony, on potato dextrose agar (PDA) after 6 days culture at 28 °C. (B) Reverse of colony. (C) Mycelia and conidia after 7 days culture. (D) Surface of colony, on PDA after 12 days culture at 28 °C. (E) Reverse of colony. (F) Mycelia and conidia after 7 days culture. (G) Conidium. (H) Phylogenetic tree inferred from internal transcribed spacer sequences using maximum likelihood method.

Figure 6 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 6: Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts obtained from marine endophytic fungi associated with Ulva sp. against five bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one fungus (Aspergillus flavus). Values are mean ± standard deviation, n = 3. Bars with different letters are significantly different according to Tukey's post hoc test at p = 0.05. Note: The solvent control (dichloromethane) showed no inhibition (0 mm). The strongest inhibitory effects were observed with the positive controls kanamycin (S1) and ketoconazole (S2).

Figure 2 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 2: Isolate UE-2 (Nigrospora magnoliae). (A) Surface of colony, on potato dextrose agar after 6 days culture at 28 °C. (B) Reverse of colony. (C) Mycelia and conidia after 21 days culture. (D) Conidiogenus cells with conidia. (E) Phylogenetic tree inferred from internal transcribed spacer sequences using maximum likelihood method.

Figure 5 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 5: Isolate UE-6 (Collariella sp.). (A) Surface of colony, on potato dextrose agar after 12 days culture at 28 °C. (B) Reverse of colony. (C) Terminal ascomatal hairs with ascospores after 45 days culture. (D) Phylogenetic tree inferred from internal transcribed spacer sequences using maximum likelihood method.

Figure 1 in Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Figure 1: Isolate UE-1 (Chaetomium globosum). (A) Surface of colony, on potato dextrose agar after 6 days culture at 28 °C. (B) Reverse of colony. (C) Ascomata after 28 days culture. (D) Asci.(E) Ascus with ascospores. (F) Ascospores. (G) Phylogenetic tree inferred from internal transcribed spacer sequences using maximum likelihood method.

Figure 4 in Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world's most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal

Figure 4: Number of branches versus thallus height for Ulva intestinalis (A) and Ulva linza (B) collected in the Kiel Canal. Numbers indicate sampling sites and lines connect data in the sequence of sites along the canal (sites 1–16 for U. intestinalis and 9–16 for U. linza; compare Figure 1C).

Figure 3 in Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world's most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal

Figure 3: Morphology of material genetically identified as Ulva intestinalis collected from the Kiel Canal. Sampling sites with salinity recorded during collection are indicated. (A–B) Display the typical unbranched morphotype of U. intestinalis, whereas some specimens only exhibited branches at the thallus base (C–D); i is a close-up of thallus base of D. (E–F) Display branched forms of U. intestinalis with reduced thallus size encountered at low salinity sampling sites.

Figure 1 in Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world's most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal

Figure 1: Map of the study area and distribution of chemical parameters and detected species. (A) Map of the Kiel Canal (black line) in Northern Germany with location of sampling sites (arrowheads). (B) Salinity, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphate at the sampling sites 1–16 and the reference sites C1–C3 outside the canal, where only water parameters were measured. (C) Spatial distribution of Ulvales and Fucus species within the Kiel Canal. Arrows indicate major inflows of freshwater, names refer to larger towns or regions to facilitate orientation.

Figure 2 in Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world's most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal

Figure 2: Maximum likelihood tree inferred from tufA sequences, representing Ulvales species and their respective morphotypes, present in the Kiel Canal. Numbers at nodes refer to bootstrap values>70. Branch lengths are drawn proportionally to the amount of sequence change and GenBank accession numbers are given for all included samples. Clades containing specimens investigated within this study are highlighted in gray. Sample sites and their recorded salinity within the Kiel Canal are indicated. Samples marked with a solid circle are of unbranched morphology, those labeled with an asterisk are branched.

Figure 5 in Surveying seaweeds from the Ulvales and Fucales in the world's most frequently used artificial waterway, the Kiel Canal

Figure 5: Morphology of material genetically identified as Ulva linza collected from the Kiel Canal. Sampling sites with salinity recorded during collection are indicated. Branched and unbranched morphotypes of U. linza observed at two sampling sites with relatively high (A–B) and low (C–D) salinity are shown.

Fig. 4 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 4. Morphometric characteristics of Ephelota gigantea collected from cultured wakame in the coastal area of Fudai in 2010 (n = 100). Vertical bars represent ± 1 SD. Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences for each body part measured.

Figs 3a–d in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Figs 3a–d. Temporal change in biological characteristics of Ephelota gigantea. a – attached density. Vertical bars represent ± 1 SE; b – percentage of cells infected by the parasite; c – percentage of budding cells; d – seasonal change of surface water temperature in the coastal area of Noda, Iwate Prefecture from late March to late June, 2010.

Fig. 7 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 7. Relationship between body width and body length of all individuals of Ephelota gigantea measured on formalin-preserved samples at each sampling

Fig. 5 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 5. Histograms of stalk length, body length, and body width of Ephelota gigantea preserved in formalin.

Fig. 1 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 1. Map showing the northeastern part of Japan. Places where wakame samples (●) and krill sample (Ì) were collected are also shown.

Figs 2a–f in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Figs 2a–f. Scanning electron micrographs (a–e) and measured body parts (f) of Ephelota gigantea. a – upper part of the stalk. Only cross striation near the cell body while longitudinal and cross striations below arrows; b – lower part of the stalk with only longitudinal striation; c – swelled part where E. gigantea is attached to wakame (arrow); d – E. gigantea with two buds (arrows); e – ventral side of a bud. Scopula (arrow) is visible; f – measured part of E. gigantea cell. db – debri, BL – body length, BW – body width, SL – stalk length.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: UCT: South Africa Seaweeds(1905-2008).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "UCT: South Africa Seaweeds(1905-2008)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="http://bionomia.net/dataset/7401f23d-e962-4828-8646-dc4d8cfc2394">https://bionomia.net/dataset/7401f23d-e962-4828-8646-dc4d8cfc2394</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/7401f23d-e962-4828-8646-dc4d8cfc2394">https://gbif.org/dataset/7401f23d-e962-4828-8646-dc4d8cfc2394</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.