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151 results for “Soil Respiration”
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Daily Microbial Respiration
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
SMB01 Variation in soil respiration and bacterial community due to species-specific plant-soil history at konza prairie
We conducted a “home vs. away” plant-soil feedback greenhouse experiment using two C3 grass species (Bromus inermis and Pascopyrum smithii) grown in soil collected from Konza Prairie. We used a closed-circuit CO2 trapping method and isotopic analysis to differentiate between root-derived and SOM-derived CO2 production. We investigated how soil chemistry and soil bacterial communities differed in soils with a history of B. inermis vs soils with a history of P. smithii.
Map data of historical global estimates of soil respiration
<p>The map data of global soil respiration converted to NetCDF format.</p><p>All open access available estimates were collated.</p><p>Shoji Hashimoto, Akihiko Ito, Kazuya Nishina (2023) "Divergent data-driven estimates of global soil respiration". Communications Earth & Environment, 4 Article number: 460</p><p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01136-2 ">https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01136-2</a> </p><p>Refer to Table 1 for the study ID and data source or the attributions of the NetCDF file. </p>
Temperature moisture interactions soil respiration experiment
<p>These files are from a soil incubation experiment looking at combined effects of temperature and moisture on soil C fluxes. They are prepared for model run and model-data comparison. Description of the data, e.g units, is not in the files themselves.</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/da1986ad-a035-41ee-b08e-8ed654e9f84f/mtdata_model_input.csv">mtdata_model_input.csv</a></p> <p>Contains model input for simulating the experimental setup.</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/da1986ad-a035-41ee-b08e-8ed654e9f84f/mtdata_co2.csv">mtdata_co2.csv</a></p> <p>Contains the measured data with averages and standard deviation of three replicates samples for treatment.</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/da1986ad-a035-41ee-b08e-8ed654e9f84f/site_Closeaux.csv">site_Closeaux.csv </a></p> <p>Containts soil properties required as model input.</p> <p> </p>
Data on respiration, substrate incorporation, and soil compound concentration in response to simulated root exudation
<p>In this study we used reverse microdialysis to release a mixture of <sup>13</sup>C-labeled substrates into intact meadow and forest soil cores (6-hour long) to simulate root exudation. We utilized three different artificial root exudates: sugars (glucose, fructose), organic acids (acetate, succinate), and a combination of sugars and organic acids (glucose, fructose, acetate, succinate); alongside a water-only control for comparison.</p> <p>We collected compounds from soil solutions and measured respiration. Due to <sup>13</sup>C-labeled substrate we could differentiate between substrate-derived respiration and SOM-derived respiration. Additionally, we extracted lipid fatty acids from soil and measured their <sup>13</sup>C incorporation.<br><br></p>
Data on soil compounds, respiration and incorporation of 13C-labeled substrate
<p>Root exudation increases the concentration of readily available carbon (C) compounds in its immediate environment. This creates ‘hotspots’ of microbial activity characterized by accelerated soil organic matter turnover with direct implications for nutrient availability for plants. However, we still lack a deeper understanding of the microbial metabolic processes that occur in the immediate vicinity of the roots during and after a root exudation event. Even though theoretical concepts have been developed, the direct consequences of root exudation on microbial metabolism and nutrient availability have never been measured in their immediate environment in intact soil.</p> <p>Here, we used reverse microdialysis to simulate root exudation by releasing a <sup>13</sup>C-labelled mix of low-molecular-weight organic C compounds at discrete, mm-sized locations in undisturbed soil in combination with <sup>13</sup>C stable isotope tracing. This approach allowed us to investigate the fine-scale temporal and spatial response of microbial metabolism and soil chemistry to root exudation at the mm-scale, and to trace microbial respiration and uptake of exuded compounds.</p> <p>Our results show that a 9-hour simulated root exudation pulse leads to i) a large local respiration event and ii) alteration of the temporal dynamics of soil metabolites over the following twelve days right at the spot of exudate release. Notably, we observed an approximately threefold increase in ammonium concentrations twelve hours after the pulse and increased nitrate concentrations five days after the pulse. We also observed an increase of various short-chain fatty acids, such as acetate, propionate and formate over the following days, indicating altered microbial metabolic pathways and activity. Phospholipid and neutral lipid fatty acids (PLFAs and NLFAs) of all major microbial groups were significantly enriched in <sup>13</sup>C within a radius of 5 mm around the microdialysis probes, but not beyond. The highest relative <sup>13</sup>C enrichment was observed in fungal NLFAs, indicating that a significant proportion of the exuded compounds had been incorporated into fungal storage compounds.</p> <p>Our findings indicate that the punctual release of low-molecular weight organic C compounds into intact soil significantly changes microbial metabolism and activity in its immediate surroundings, which lead to enhanced mineralisation of native organic nitrogen (N). Our observations emphasise the versatility of microbial metabolic pathways that underlie the response of soil microbes to rapidly altered C availability. They furthermore demonstrate the effectiveness of this response, as triggered by root exudation pulses, to increase nutrient availability for plants around the root.</p>
Soil respiration dataset from abandoned croplands across China
Soil respiration, a critical component of the global carbon cycle, is highly sensitive to warming. Agricultural soils, including abandoned croplands, are large sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Here, we report the responses of soil respiration and its components to warming from abandoned croplands spanning a large range in latitude (22.3 to 46.6°N) and elevation (2 to 3734 m) across China from three-year (2019 to 2021) in situ warming experiments. This dataset is a collation of soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration, and autotrophic respiration and their temperature sensitivity along with information on microclimates (e.g., soil temperature), plant biomasses, and soil carbon components (e.g., SOC) and quality under climate warming.
Respiration, isotope composition, and carbon source partitioning from incubations of soil amended with litter and isotope-labeled lignin
We incubated 10 forest soils (collected from sites across North America, including the Luquillo LTER/CZO) in the laboratory for over two years to quantify the decomposition of carbon derived from added litter and lignin, as well as from extant soil organic matter. Each soil was subjected to two substrate addition treatments: a) litter derived from a C4 grass precipitated with 13C-enriched lignin, or the same C4 grass litter was precipitated with natural-abundance lignin. The concentrations and delta13C composition of carbon dioxide produced from each soil were measured periodically over time and partitioned into sources (soil organic matter, litter, and added lignin) using isotope mixing models. The methods and results are described in detail by a manuscript in Ecology (Hall et al., 2020).
Seasonal relationships between soil respiration and water-extractable carbon as influenced by soil temperature and moisture in forest soils of the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1992-1993
The overall objective of this study is to model trace gas emissions from forest soils of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. This is to be accomplished by studying trace gas emissions and related variable at a set of 20 permanent plots at the HJA.
Synoptic soil respiration of permanent forest sites in the Andrews Experimental Forest (1993 REU Study)
To examine soil respiration as influenced by temperature and moisture to determine the role of CO2 evolution rates in overall carbon dynamics.
Soil respiration associated with ectomycorrhizal mats in an old-growth stand along lower Lookout Creek, HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (2008-2009)
Comparisons of respiration rate and environmental variables for mat and non-mat soil were conducted between July 2008 to Nov 2009 in a 0.1ha plot adjacent lower Lookout Creek, approximately 700m downstream from Lookout Camp (44 deg 13”25’N, 122 deg 15”30’W, 484m above sea level). The predominant overstory species are Psuedotsuga menziesii, Tsuga heterophylla, and Thuja Plicata. Associated ectomycorrhizal communities were measured over the 1.5 year period and data collection for the study is complete. Soil respiration was measured using LiCOR instrumentation, and analyses were performed computationally by correlating soil respiration with known environmental metrics (moisture, temperature, etc.) measured in other studies (TW006, MV001, etc.).
Alaska Peatland Experiment: 2010-2011 Root Respiration Experiment Soil Descriptions
This dataset includes soil description data from soil cores collected at peak biomass during the 2010 and 2011 growing season along the wetland gradient. Data for 2010 was taken at the rich fen only and data for the 2011 season was taken at the rich fen and sedge/forb fen.
Del 13C-CO2 of in situ soil respiration post tracer addition
This dataset contains non-destructive, sequential 13C isotope measurements of soil CO2 flux following injection in situ with isotopically labeled glycine or deionized water (DIW). Data derive from a multiyear experiment covering seven forest ecosytem types located across three major biomes: southern temperate, northern temperate, and boreal forest. This data can be sorted and viewed by stand type, field replicate, treatment (glycine vs. DIW), sampling period (0.75-336 h post treatment), and sampling time (duration of measurement).
Soil respiration in treatment boxes on canopy gradient sites at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 1998
We tested whether inputs from canopy herbivores would affect soil processes such as respiration, nutrient cycling, and decomposition along an elevation gradient. The five treatments we used were frass additions, throughfall additions, removal of all litter that fell during the study, removal of greenfall that fell during the study, and controls. Soil respiration was significantly reduced on low and mid elevation sites in litter exclusion, greenfall exclusion and throughfall addition treatments (from 0.846 g CO2/m2/h for controls to 0.618, 0.667, and 0.708 g CO2/m2/h, respectively, for the three treatments).
Soil respiration at resin bag sites at canopy gradient sites
We tested whether inputs from canopy herbivores would affect soil processes such as respiration, nutrient cycling, and decomposition along an elevation gradient. The five treatments we used were frass additions, throughfall additions, removal of all litter that fell during the study, removal of greenfall that fell during the study, and controls. Soil respiration was significantly reduced on low and mid elevation sites in litter exclusion, greenfall exclusion and throughfall addition treatments (from 0.846 g CO2/m2/h for controls to 0.618, 0.667, and 0.708 g CO2/m2/h, respectively, for the three treatments).
Soil respiration and precipitation data at resin bag sites on canopy gradient sites at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1998 (dataset 1056)
We tested whether inputs from canopy herbivores would affect soil processes such as respiration, nutrient cycling, and decomposition along an elevation gradient. The five treatments we used were frass additions, throughfall additions, removal of all litter that fell during the study, removal of greenfall that fell during the study, and controls. Soil respiration was significantly reduced on low and mid elevation sites in litter exclusion, greenfall exclusion and throughfall addition treatments (from 0.846 g CO2/m2/h for controls to 0.618, 0.667, and 0.708 g CO2/m2/h, respectively, for the three treatments).
Soil respiration and flux measurements from Watersheds 17 and 18,Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC.
In order to better understand soil respiration and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) fluxes, 90 closed container chambers were installed in 18 plots located at upper, mid, and lower-slope lcoations within Coweetas watersheds 17 and 18. For eighteen months, soil moisture, soil temperature, and CO2 measurements were taken through the collars of pipes located within each plots. These measurements were used to determine total flux and other statisitcal information in order to better understand these forest processes.
Soil respiration and temperature measurements at 5 GCE-LTER sampling sites from June 2003 to March 2005
Soil temperature and respiration were measured in tidal marshes at five GCE-LTER sampling sites. The sites represent estuaries of the Georgia coast (USA) that vary in delivery of freshwater and sediment. Replicate measurements were taken from several locations at each site (levee, marsh plain, and marsh dieback) on seven dates between June 2003 and March 2005 to evaluate the effects of freshwater input on soil respiration over time.
Soil respiration data measured with LI-7810 CH4/CO2/H2O Trace Gas Analyzer in Tangermuende/Germany in August 2022
<p>The dataset is associated with the publication Koschorreck, M., Kamjunke, N., Koedel, U., Rode, M., Schuetze, C., and Bussmann, I.: Diurnal versus spatial variability of greenhouse gas emissions from an anthropogenic modified German lowland river, Biogeosciences Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2023-176, in review, 2023. </p> <p>It shows CO2 and CH4 initial concentrations and flux data measured with the LICOR 7810 instrument and calculated with the SoilFluxPro software V5.3.</p>
Figure 1 in Soil quality, leaf litter quality, and microbial biomass interactively drive soil respiration in a microcosm experiment
Figure 1. Principal components analysis of (A) soil quality and (B) leaf litter quality across the experimental treatments (Table S1-2). Soil quality was quantified as a combination of soil pH, C, N, and C:N; leaf litter quality was quantified as a combination of leaf Ca, C, lignin, Mg, N, P, C:N, C:P, and N:P. Soil and leaf litter were collected from Hainich National Park, Germany.
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