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78 results for “Song Studies”
FIGURE 7a–j. Song diagrams per populations. a–e in Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs
FIGURE 7a–j. Song diagrams per populations. a–e: D. albifrons; f–j: D. v. verrucivorus; k–o: D. v. crassus (The temperature of m2 is 29.8 °C and others are 27 °C.); a–b, f–g, k–l: A phrase series; c, h, m1–2: Elements in a chirp; d, i, n: Sonogram of the calling song; e, j, o: Power spectrum of the calling song.
FIGURE 4a–o in Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs
FIGURE 4a–o. Male pronotum and abdominal apex (scale: 1.00 mm). a–e: Pronotum; f–j: The dorsal view of abdominal apex; k–o: The ventral view of abdominal apex.
FIGURE 3a–c in Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs
FIGURE 3a–c. CV analysis results of male mirror and harp 2 & 3. a: Scatterplots of CV1 vs CV2, which together explain 46.21% of variance; b–c: CV analysis results, the shape changes associated with the first two CVs.
FIGURE 1a–b in Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs
FIGURE 1a–b. Right tegmen of male Decticus (D. v. verrucivorus). a: Landmark locations (the dot with number); b: Vein nomenclature. The nomenclature of the wing venation follows that of Chivers et al. (2017).
FIGURE 2a–f in Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs
FIGURE 2a–f. PC analysis and CV analysis results of male right tegmen. a: Scatterplots of PC1 vs PC2, which together explain 57.46% of variance; b–d: PC analysis results, the shape changes associated with the first three PCs; e: Scatterplots of CV1 vs CV2, which together explain 89.99% of variance; f–g: CV analysis results, the shape changes associated with the first two CVs. a, e: Points with different colours indicated different subtribes' specimens; the ellipse is presented as an equal-frequency ellipse with a given probability level of 90%, which contains approximately 90% of the data points.
FIGURE 3. Kapsa acuminata Song & Li, 2012. a in Taxonomic study of the genus Kapsa Dworakowska with a new subgenus, and new combinations and records for Tautoneura Anufriev (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Erythroneurini)
FIGURE 3. Kapsa acuminata Song & Li, 2012. a. abdominal apodemes; b. genital capsule; c. pygofer dorsal appendage; d. subgenital plate, dorsal view; e. paramere, lateral view; f. connective; g. aedeagus, lateral view; h. aedeagus, ventral view.
FIG. 21. Song recordings. A. Ganiagraecia karwinia S-363. B. Kokominiagraecia dicra S-392. C. Timabarragraecia samneilli S-82. D in Studies in Australian Tettigoniidae: New short-winged Agraeciini from Australia (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Conocephalinae; Agraeciini)
FIG. 21. Song recordings. A. Ganiagraecia karwinia S-363. B. Kokominiagraecia dicra S-392. C. Timabarragraecia samneilli S-82. D. Coptaspis sp (Yarrangobilly, NSW) S-391.
FIGURES 75–85 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 75–85. Chorthippus apricarius (L.). 75–82―forewing, 83–85―antenna. 75―Ch. apricarius asiaticus, holotype, 76–77―Chorthippus apricarius apricarius sensu Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko (1951), 78–79―males from the Central Tien Shan Mts., 80–85―males from Chatkal Mtn. Range, the West Tien Shan Mts. Signals of males, which wings and antennae are presented on Figs. 78–85 are recorded on disk. 75–77―after Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko (1951).
FIGURES 61–74 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 61–74. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Chorthippus apricarius (L.). 61 and 64―male from Chatkal Mtn. Range, the West Tien Shan Mts., 62 and 65–66―male from the Karakol River Valley, the Central Tien Shan Mts., 63 and 67―male from the Dzhumgal River Valley, the Central Tien Shan Mts., 68–69―two males of Ch. apricarius apricarius from Moscow Oblast, 70–71―same, two males from Rostov Oblast, 72–74―three males of Ch. apricarius major Pylnov from the North Caucasus. For males from the localities outside Kyrgyzstan only parts of songs are presented. Echeme repetition period in different songs is different due to differences in temperature; oscillogram speed is matched so that the repetition period is the same, but the time scale is different. Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "64–67" are given under the same numbers.
FIGURES 47–60 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 47–60. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Glyptobothrus maritimus Mistsh. 47, 51, and 56―male from Turkestan Mtn. Range, South Kyrgyzstan, 48, 52, and 57―male from the shore of the Tortkul' Reservoir, South Kyrgyzstan, 49, 53, and 58―male from Chatkal Mtn. Range, the West Tien Shan Mts., 50, 55, and 60―male from the southern shore of the Issyk-Kul' (Ysyk Köl) Lake, the North Tien Shan Mts., 54 and 59―male from the Dzhumgal River Valley, the Central Tien Shan Mts. (only parts of songs are presented). Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "51–53" and "55–60" are given under the same numbers.
FIGURES 28–30 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 28–30. Gomphocerus sibiricus (L.), male from the Central Tien Shan Mts., which songs are given on oscillograms on Figs. 13–14, 16, 20, and 24. 28―head and pronotum, 29―left antenna, 30―right antenna.
FIGURES 13–27 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 13–27. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Gomphocerus sibiricus (L.). 13–14, 16, 20, and 24―male from the Central Tien Shan Mts., 15, 17, 21, and 25―male from Buryatia, 18, 22, and 26―male from Irkutsk Oblast, 19, 23, and 27―male from Chita Oblast. 13–15―general view of a song, 16–19―main part of a song, 20–23―end part of a song, 24– 27―main part of a song at higher speed. For males from Irkutsk Oblast and Chita Oblast only parts of songs are presented. Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "14", "16–17", "20–21", and "24–27" are given under the same numbers.
FIGURES 86–95 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 86–95. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Gomphocerinae. 86–90―Chorthippus dichrous (Eversmann), 91– 95―Euchorthippus pulvinatus (F.-W.). Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "87–90", "92", and "94–95" are given under the same numbers.
FIGURES 2–12 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 2–12. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Gomphocerinae. 2–6―Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunb.), 7– 9―Stenobothrus fischeri (Ev.), 10–12―Omocestus haemorrhoidalis (Charp.). Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "3", "5–6", "8–9", and "11–12" are given under the same numbers.
FIGURE 1 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURE 1. Map of localities in Kyrgyzstan, where the specimens for signal recordings were collected. 1―Turkestan Mtn. Range, environs of Katran Village, the Layli Mazar River 2–3 km upstream from the source of the Lyaylyak River; 2―Northern shore of the Tortkul' Reservoir ca. 12 km West of Batken; 3― the West Tien Shan Mts., Chatkal Mtn. Range, Sary Chelek Nature Reserve, environs of Arkyt Village; 4― the Central Tien Shan Mts., the Kekemeren River Basin, the Western Karakol River ca. 10 km from the mouth (10 km East-North-East from Suusamyr Village); 5― the Central Tien Shan Mts., the Kekemeren River Gorge 8–9 km downstream from Kozhomkul Village; 6― the Central Tien Shan Mts., the Dzhumgal River Valley East of Chaek; 7―Southern shore of the Issyk-Kul' (Ysyk Köl) Lake, the mouth of the Tossor River (17 km East of Kaji Say); 8―Eastern shore of the Issyk-Kul' (Ysyk Köl) Lake, 20 km West from Mikhailovka Village.
FIGURES 31–46 in Contributions to the study of gomphocerine grasshoppers calling songs (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) with notes on taxonomic status and distribution of some forms from Kyrgyzstan
FIGURES 31–46. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Gomphocerinae. 31–34―Stauroderus scalaris (F.-W.), 35– 46―Glyptobothrus mollis (Charp.). 35–36, 39–40, and 43–44―two males from the Dzhumgal River Valley, the Central Tien Shan Mts., 37–38, 41–42, and 45–46―two males from the southern shore of the Issyk-Kul' (Ysyk Köl) Lake, the North Tien Shan Mts. Faster oscillograms of the parts of songs indicated as "32–34" and "39–46" are given under the same numbers.
Female and male song exhibit both parallel and divergent patterns of cultural evolution: a long-term study of song structure and diversity in tropical wrens
<p>Animal culture changes over time through processes that include drift, immigration, selection, and innovation. Cultural change has been particularly well-studied for animal vocalizations, especially for the vocalizations of male animals in the temperate zone. Here we examine cultural change in the vocalizations of tropical Rufous-and-white Wrens (<i>Thryophilus rufalbus</i>), quantifying temporal variation in song structure, song type diversity, and population-level distribution of song types in both males and females. We use data from 10 microsatellite loci to quantify patterns of immigration and neutral genetic differentiation over time, to investigate whether cultural diversity changes with rates of immigration. Based on 11 years of data, we show that the spectro-temporal features of several widely-used persistent song types maintain a relatively high level of consistency for both males and females, whereas the distribution and frequency of particular song types change over time for both sexes. Males and females exhibit comparable levels of cultural diversity (i.e. the diversity of song types across the population), although females exhibit greater rates of cultural change over time. We found that female changes in cultural diversity increased when immigration is high, whereas male cultural diversity did not change with immigration. Our study is the first long-term study to explore cultural evolution for both male and female birds and suggests that cultural patterns exhibit notable differences between the sexes.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Zhao H, Yao Z, Song Y, Li S (2018) Taxonomic study of the Pinelema bailongensis species group with descriptions of six new species from China (Araneae, Telemidae). ZooKeys 784: 7-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.784.27758
Figures S1–S12. Left male palps of Pinelemabailongensis species group, retrolateral view :
Figure 9 from: Zhao H, Yao Z, Song Y, Li S (2018) Taxonomic study of the Pinelema bailongensis species group with descriptions of six new species from China (Araneae, Telemidae). ZooKeys 784: 7-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.784.27758
Figure 9 Pinelemaliangxi, male. A Palp, prolateral view B Palp, retrolateral view C Embolus, prolateral view D Embolus, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A–B), 0.05 mm (C–D).
Figure 8 from: Zhao H, Yao Z, Song Y, Li S (2018) Taxonomic study of the Pinelema bailongensis species group with descriptions of six new species from China (Araneae, Telemidae). ZooKeys 784: 7-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.784.27758
Figure 8 Pinelemahuoyan Zhao & Li, sp. n., female paratype. A Habitus, dorsal view B Habitus, ventral view C Endogyne, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–B), 0.05 mm (C).
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