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181 results for “Stable isotope data”
seawater Hg stable isotope and speciation data
<p>This dataset contains Hg stable isotope and speciation measurements of seawater</p>
Radiometric dating of sediment cores from three alpine lakes in Utah, United States, with stable isotope data
<p>We collected sediment cores from three alpine lakes in Utah, United States, to isolate dormant <em>Daphnia </em>eggs for a resurrection ecology experiment. Our question was whether radioactive fallout from above-ground nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site in the 1950s and 1960s caused increased mutation rates and population evolution in <em>Daphnia</em>. That work is ongoing. Here, we publish radioisotope dating profiles from our sediment cores.</p>
Red-footed and masked boobies stable isotope data
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Radiometric dating of sediment cores from three alpine lakes in Utah, United States, with stable isotope data
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Supporting data for tiger beetle stable isotope analysis
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McMurdo Dry Valleys Gas, Tritium, Stable Isotope, and Major Ion data for lake waters: 2005-2006 Antarctic Season
Data of dissolved gas, tritium, stable isotopes, and major ion for Lake Vanda (Wright Valley), Lake Fryxell (Taylor Valley), Lake Hoare (Taylor Valley), and Lake Joyce (Pearce Valley): 2005-2006 Antarctic Season
McMurdo Dry Valleys Stable Isotope Data for Lake Chad
This micro data set contains stable isoptope data for water samples taken from Lake Chad. Although it is not part of the core monitoring program, it is potentially important.
Calibrated data of stable water isotope measurements in water vapour at 8 m a.s.l. on the port side of the ship, made in the austral summer of 2016/2017 around the Southern Ocean during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition.
<p><strong>Dataset abstract</strong></p> <p>This data set includes the calibrated data of stable water vapour isotope (δ18O, δ2H, deuterium excess) and water vapour mixing ratio measurements at approximately 8 m a.s.l. on the port of the ship, taken around the Southern Ocean during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE) from November 2016 to April 2017 using a Picarro laser spectrometers L2120. The data provide continuous timelines of atmospheric water vapour properties in the marine boundary layer for studies of the atmospheric water cycle.</p> <p>The raw data from which this calibrated dataset originates has been published separately (Kozachek, 2020; DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3667535).</p> <p>Two other calibrated stable water isotope measurement datasets were also collected during ACE. They differ by the location of measurement on the ship: 8 m a.s.l on the starboard side (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3739335) and 13.5 m a.s.l (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3250790).</p> <p><strong>Dataset contents</strong></p> <p>Measurements on portside:</p> <ul> <li>ACE_watervapour_isotopes_SWI8-ps_1h.csv, data file, comma-separated values</li> <li>ACE_watervapour_isotopes_SWI8-ps_5min.csv, data file, comma-separated values</li> <li>cal_runs_SWI8-ps.csv, metadata, comma-separated values</li> <li>cal_flag_times_SWI8-ps.csv, metadata, comma-separated values</li> <li>data_file_header.txt, metadata, text format</li> <li>README.txt, metadata, text format</li> </ul> <p>NaN values denote missing values which occur because of e.g., maintenance, instrument calibration, large cavity variations.</p> <p><strong>Dataset license</strong></p> <p>This calibrated stable water isotope measurements in water vapour is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) whose full text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</p>
Metabolic rate data and code for: Intra-specific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)
<p>Metabolic rate data and code for: Intra-specific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)</p> <p> </p> <p>The raw data and R-code used to calculate SMR used in the analysis. </p>
Data from: Ion microprobe measured stable isotope evidence for ammonite habitat and life mode during early ontogeny
Ammonites have disparate adult morphologies indicative of diverse ecological niches, but ammonite hatchlings are small (~1 mm diameter), which raises questions about the similarity of egg incubation and hatchling life mode in ammonites. Modern Nautilus is sometimes used as a model organism for understanding ammonites, but despite their outward similarities, the groups are only distantly related. Trends in ammonite diversity and extinction vulnerability in the fossil record contrast starkly with those of nautilids, and embryonic shells from Late Cretaceous ammonites are two orders of magnitude smaller than nautilid embryonic shells. To investigate possible environmental changes experienced by ammonite hatchlings, we used secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to analyze the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of the embryonic shells and early postembryonic whorls of five juveniles of Hoploscaphites comprimus obtained from a single concretion in the Fox Hills Formation of South Dakota. Co-occurring bivalves and diagenetic calcite were also analyzed to provide a benthic baseline for comparison. The oxygen isotope ratios of embryonic shells are more like those of benthic bivalves, suggesting that ammonite eggs were laid on the bottom. Ammonite shell immediately after hatching has more negative δ18O, suggesting movement to more shallow water that is potentially warmer and/or fresher. After approximately one whorl of postembryonic growth, the values of δ18O become more positive in three of the five individuals, suggesting that these animals transitioned to a more demersal mode of life. Two other individuals transition to even lower δ18O values that could suggest movement to nearshore brackish water. These data suggest that ammonites, like many modern coleoids, may have spawned at different times of the year. Because scaphites were one of the short-term K-Pg survivors, it is possible that this characteristic allowed them to develop a broader geographic range and, consequently, a greater resistance to extinction.
Data from: Spider webs, stable isotopes and molecular gut content analysis: multiple lines of evidence support trophic niche differentiation in a community of Hawaiian spiders
1. Adaptive radiations are typically characterized by niche partitioning among their constituent species. Trophic niche partitioning is particularly important in predatory animals, which rely on limited food resources for survival. 2. We test for trophic niche partitioning in an adaptive radiation of Hawaiian Tetragnatha spiders, which have diversified in situ on the Hawaiian Islands. We focus on a community of nine species belonging to two different clades, one web building and the other actively hunting, which co-occur in wet forest on East Maui. We hypothesize that trophic niches differ significantly both 1) among species within a clade, indicating food resource partitioning, and 2) between the two clades, corresponding with their differences in foraging strategy. 3. To assess niches of the spider species, we measure a) web architecture, the structure of the hunting tool, and b) site choice, the physical placement of the web in the habitat. We then test whether differences in these parameters translate into meaningful differences in trophic niche by measuring c) stable isotope signatures of carbon and nitrogen in the spiders' tissues, and d) gut content of spiders based on metabarcoding data. 4. We find significant interspecific differences in web architecture and site choice. Importantly, these differences are reflected in stable isotope signatures among the five web-building species, as well as significant isotopic differences between web-builders and active hunters. Gut content data also show interspecific and inter-clade differences. Pairwise overlaps of web architecture between species are positively correlated with overlaps of isotopic signature. 5. Our results reveal trophic niche partitioning among species within each clade, as well as between the web-building and actively hunting clades. Based on the correlation between web architecture and stable isotopes, it appears that the isotopic signatures of spiders' tissues are influenced by architectural differences among their webs. Our findings indicate an important link between web structure, microhabitat preference and diet in the Hawaiian Tetragnatha.
Data from: Stable isotopes reveal the effect of trawl fisheries on the diet of commercially exploited species
Bottom trawling can change food availability for benthivorous demersal species by (i) changing benthic prey composition through physical seabed impacts and (ii) by removing overall benthic consumer biomass increasing the net availability of benthic prey for remaining individuals. Thus trawling may both negatively and positively influence the quantity and quality of food available. Using δ13C and δ15N we investigated potential diet changes of three commercially exploited species across trawling gradients in the Kattegat (plaice, dab and Norway lobster (Nephrops)) and the Irish Sea (Nephrops). In the Kattegat, trawling affected primarily the biomass of benthic consumers, lowering competition. Nephrops showed significant positive relationships for δ13C and a domed relationship for δ15N with trawling. In the Irish Sea, intense trawling had a negative effect on benthic prey. δ13C and δ15N thus showed the inverse relationships to those observed in the Kattegat. Plaice from the Kattegat, showed a significant relationship with trawling intensity for δ13C, but not for δ15N. No relationship was found for dab. Changes of δ13C and δ15N correlated with changes in condition of species. The results show that the removal of demersal competitors and benthos by trawling can change the diets of commercial species, ultimately affecting their body condition.
Data from: Toward a standardised protocol for the stable isotope analysis of scleractinian corals
<p><strong>Rationale:</strong> The stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen is a powerful tool in many ecological studies, but different sample treatments may affect stable isotope ratios and hamper comparisons among studies. The goal of this study was to determine whether treatments that are commonly used to prepare scleractinian coral samples for stable isotope analysis yield different δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values, and to provide guidelines toward a standardised protocol. </p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> The animal tissues and Symbiodiniaceae of two symbiotic scleractinian coral species (<em>Stylophora pistillata</em> and <em>Porites lutea</em>) were divided into subsamples to test the effects of the drying method, lipid extraction, acidification treatment and water washing. All the subsamples were analysed for their δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values, using continuous flow elemental analyser/isotope ratio mass spectrometry.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The drying method and lipid extraction treatment had no substantial effects on the δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values of Symbiodiniaceae and animal tissues. Acid treatment did cause significant differences in δ<sup>13</sup>C values (mean differences ≤0.5‰, with individual samples becoming up to 2.0‰ more negative), whereas no ecologically significant differences were observed in δ<sup>15</sup>N values. Animal tissue δ<sup>13</sup>C values may vary depending on whether samples are washed or not. </p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To move towards a standardised protocol in coral research, we recommend using an available drying method (as they are equally acceptable) for the stable isotope analysis of scleractinian corals, examining the need for lipid extraction on a case‐by‐case basis, performing a direct acidification of Symbiodiniaceae and animal tissues, and avoiding washing animal tissue with distilled water.</p>
Grain size and clay mineralogy data of the Esplugafreda sequence (Spain) with stable carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope data of soil carbonates
<p>This datasets contains 1) grain size distribution data of mudstone paleosols of the Esplugafreda sequence (Esplugafreda and Claret Formations) measured by laser diffraction, and 2) clay mineralogy measured by powder X-ray diffraction, as well as 3) stable carbon, oxygen and clumped (D47) isotope compositions of soil carbonates. The Esplugafreda sequence is found in the Tremp-Graus Basin in the southern forefront of the Pyrenees and consists of continental sediments formed in a coastal alluvial setting during the late Paleocene and early Eocene.</p> <p>In addition, a proxy dataset of late Paleocene and PETM continental temperatures of the northern hemisphere is also included.</p>
Meterological and stable carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope data of land snails Clausilia pumila, Succinella oblonga and Trochulus hispidus from Europe
<p>These data include site information and collection dates of land snails (Clausilia pumila, Succinella oblonga and Trochulus hispidus), meteorological data of collection sites of molluscs derived using the ClimateEU software, as well as carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope compositions of snail shells of the mentioned three species from culturing experiments and natural populations across Europe. During the laboratory experiments individuals of the three species were kept at 12, 18 and 24 Celsius temperatures in climate chambers, fed exclusively by fresh lettuce and humidity was controlled using tap water (d18O: -9.29+-0.52 permil, V-SMOW). d13C, 18O and D47 values of snail shells from lab experiments and field-collections were determined in two laboratories (Isnt. for Nuclear Research, Debrecen, and Geological Institute, ETH Zürich) using IRMS. Detailed analysis and interpretations of the results obtained can be read in the original publication. </p>
Data from: Stable isotope evidence for long-term stability of large-scale hydroclimate in the Neogene North American Great Plains
<p>The Great Plains of North America host a stark climatic gradient, separating the humid and well-watered eastern US from the semi-arid and arid western US, and this gradient shapes the region's water availability, its ecosystems, and its economies. This climatic boundary is largely set by the influence of two competing atmospheric circulation systems that meet over the Great Plains—the wintertime westerlies bring dominantly dry air that gives way to moist, southerly air transported by the Great Plains Low-Level Jet in the warmer months. Climate model simulations suggest that, as CO<sub>2</sub> rises, this low- level jet will strengthen, leading to greater precipitation in the spring, but less in the summer and, thus, no change in mean annual precipitation. Combined with rising temperatures that will increase potential evapotranspiration, semi-arid conditions will shift eastward, with potentially large consequences for the ecosystems and inhabitants of the Great Plains. We examine how hydroclimate in the Great Plains varied in the past in response to warmer global climate by studying the paleoclimate record within the Ogallala Formation, which underlies nearly the entire Great Plains and provides a spatially resolved record of hydroclimate during the globally warmer late Miocene. We use the stable isotopes of oxygen (δ<sup>18</sup>O) as preserved in authigenic carbonates hosted within the abundant paleosol and fluvial successions that comprise the Ogallala Formation as a record of past hydroclimate. Today, and coincident with the modern aridity gradient, there is a sharp meteoric water δ<sup>18</sup>O gradient with high (−6 to 0‰) δ<sup>18</sup>O in the southern Great Plains and low (−12 to −18‰) δ<sup>18</sup>O in the northern Plains. We find that the spatial pattern of reconstructed late Miocene precipitation δ<sup>18</sup>O is indistinguishable from the spatial pattern of modern meteoric water δ<sup>18</sup>O. We use a recently developed vapor transport model to demonstrate that this δ<sup>18</sup>O spatial pattern requires air mass mixing over the Great Plains between dry westerly and moist southerly air masses in the late Miocene—consistent with today. Our results suggest that the spatial extent of these two atmospheric circulation systems have been largely unchanged since the late Miocene and any strengthening of the Great Plains Low-Level Jet in response to warming has been isotopically masked by proportional increases in westerly moisture delivery. Our results hold implications for the sensitivity of Great Plains climate to changes in global temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> and also for our understanding of the processes that drove Ogallala Formation deposition in the late Miocene.</p>
Data from: Dietary partitioning among three cryptobentic reef fish mesopredators revealed by visual analysis, metabarcoding of gut content, and stable isotope analysis
<p>Understanding how mesopredators partition their diet and the identity of consumed prey can assist in understanding the ecological role predators and prey play in ecosystem trophodynamics. Here, we assessed the diet of three common coral reef mesopredators; <em>Pseudochromis flavivertex</em>, <em>Pseudochromis fridmani</em>, and <em>Pseudochromis olivaceus</em> from the family Pseudochromidae, commonly known as dottybacks, using a combination of i) visual stomach content analysis, ii) stomach content DNA metabarcoding (18S, COI), and iii) stable isotope analysis (δ<sup>15</sup>N, δ<sup>13</sup>C). In addition, <em>P. flavivertex</em> is found in two distinct color morphs in the Red Sea, providing an opportunity to analyze intra-morph differences. These techniques revealed partitioning in the dietary composition and resource use among species. Arthropods comprised the main dietary component of <em>P. flavivertex</em> (18S > 60%; COI > 10%), and <em>P. olivaceus</em> (18S = 57.2%) while <em>P. fridmani</em> ingested predominantly mollusks (18S = 51.3%, COI = 24.6%). Despite being small predators, microplastics were found in the gut content of some of these fishes. Stable isotope analysis showed differences in species' isotopic niche breadth and trophic position. <em>Pseudochromis olivaceus</em> presented the largest isotopic niche (SEA<sub>C</sub> = 1.61‰<sup>2</sup>), while <em>P. fridmani</em> showed the smallest isotopic niche (SEA<sub>C</sub> = 0.45‰<sup>2</sup>) among species. Although the two techniques used for stomach content analysis did not show differences in the diet within color morphs of <em>P. flavivertex</em>, they differed in the isotopic niche and resource use. Despite our limited sampling, our findings provide evidence of species-specific differences in the trophic ecology of dottybacks and demonstrate their important role as predators of cryptic invertebrates and small fishes. This study highlights the importance of combining several approaches (short-term: visual analysis and DNA metabarcoding; and long-term: isotope analysis) when assessing the feeding habits of coral reef fish, as they provide complementary information necessary to delimit their niches and understand the role that small mesopredators play in coral reef ecosystems.</p>
Year-round observations of stable carbon isotopic composition of diacids and related compounds in fine aerosols at Tianjin, North China – Data set
<p>To better understand the origins and photochemical processing of water-soluble organic aerosols in the Tianjin region, North China, we studied the stable isotopic composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of diacids, oxoacids, α-dicarbonyls, citric acid and fatty acids in fine aerosols (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) collected at an urban (Nankai District, ND; <em>n</em> = 121) and a suburban (Haihe Education Park, HEP; <em>n</em> = 40) sites in Tianjin from 5 July 2018 to 4 July 2019. The δ<sup>13</sup>C of diacids and related compounds were measured using a capillary gas chromatography (Agilent 7890B) coupled with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-irMS) system. Based on seasonal variations in δ<sup>13</sup>C of selected species and linear relations with their concentrations and mass ratios, we found that the diacids and related compounds were mainly derived from fossil fuel including coal combustion and biomass burning and photochemical processing, preferably in gaseous- and aqueous-phases in warm (March-September) and cold (October-February) periods, respectively, in Tianjin, North China.</p>
Data from: Condition-dependent immune function in a freshwater snail revealed by stable isotopes
<p>Data are saved as a tab-delimited text file (data.txt). Each row represents one snail individual.</p> <p> </p> <p>The file has the following columns:</p> <p>infection - trematode infection (0 = no, 1 = yes)</p> <p>PO_activity - PO-like activity of haemolymph</p> <p>antibacterial_activity - antibacterial activity of haemolymph</p> <p>shell_length - shell length (mm)</p> <p>faeces - amount of produced faeces (mg)</p> <p>d15N_faeces - δ<sup>15</sup>N value of faeces</p> <p>d13C_faeces - δ<sup>13</sup>C value of faeces</p> <p>C:N_faeces - C:N ration of faeces</p> <p>d15N_tissue - δ<sup>15</sup>N value of tissue</p> <p>d13C_tissue - δ<sup>13</sup>C value of tissue</p> <p>C:N_tissue - C:N ration of tissue</p>
Data from: Stable isotopes in the different trophic levels reveal regional divergence in dietary habits among Tibetan pastoralists
<p>Understanding geographical variation and driving mechanisms of the dietary habits of Tibetan pastoralists is a key to improving their health status under climate change and globalization. Characterization of diet via isotopic signatures along the length of the local food chain could provide this information. We analyzed δ13C and δ15N of soil, plants, animals and pastoralists at different geographical sites ranging in a gradient of easily accessible to remote areas. The high δ15N values in soil and plants were not recovered in animals and pastoralists, indicating use of external feed and food resources respectively. The mean δ13C (-22.0‰) and δ15N values (6.9‰) of pastoralists indicated diets consisting mainly of native C3 plants and animal products. Pastoralists living in the remotest areas maintained more traditional dietary habits based on native animal products. However, dietary changes of pastoralists were triggered by external food resources and alterations in ecological chain of easily accessible areas.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.