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152 results for “Subarctic”
Figure 5 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 5. Sea surface temperature (SST) in the Sea of Japan and western North Pacific and positions of satellite-tagged loggerhead turtles <50 cm straight carapace length (SCL). Open star: start position, circles: positions. (A) Positions of turtle IDs 22270, 25695, 42712, 50135, 57144 and 65426 leaving the Sea of Japan at summer 2011–2013. (B) Positions of turtle IDs 22270, 25695, 42712, 50135, 57144 and 65426 leaving the Sea of Japan at winter 2011–2013. (C) Positions of turtle IDs 19593 and 53771 that stayed in the Sea of Japan at summer 2011–2013. (D) Positions of turtle ID 19593 that stayed in the Sea of Japan at winter 2011–2013.
Figure 6 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 6. Sea surface temperature (SST) in the Sea of Japan and western North Pacific and positions of satellite-tagged loggerhead turtles>50 cm straight carapace length (SCL). Circles: positions, open star: start position. (A) Positions of turtle IDs 52695 and 53759 that left the Sea of Japan at summer 2011–2013. (B) Positions of turtle IDs 52695 and 53759 that left the Sea of Japan at winter 2011–2013. (C) Positions of turtle IDs 23513, 23542, 53758 and 53770 that stayed in the Sea of Japan at summer 2011–2013. (D) Positions of turtle IDs 23513, 23542 and 53758 that stayed in the Sea of Japan at winter 2011–2013.
Figure 4 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 4. Movement route maps of satellite-tagged loggerhead turtles>50 cm SCL after their release off Kanazawa-shi, Sea of Japan, on July 15, 2011. Circles: final positions. Open star: start position. **: recaptured. (A) Tracks of turtle IDs 52695 and 53759. Inlet: track of turtle ID 53759 leaving the Sea of Japan on September 26, 2011 through the Tsugaru Strait. (B) Tracks of turtle IDs 23513, 23542, 53770 and 53758.
Figure 3 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 3. Movement route maps of satellite-tagged loggerhead turtles <50 cm straight carapace length (SCL) after their release off Kanazawa-shi, Sea of Japan, on July 15, 2011. Circles: final positions. *: likely stranded. **: recaptured. (A) Tracks of turtle IDs 19593, 40470, 50144, 50152 and 57152. (B) Tracks of turtle IDs 8552, 22275, 29060, 65424 and 57151. (C) Tracks of turtle IDs 40605, 53771, 57148, 65435, 71916 and 88060.
Figure 1 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 1. Map of study sites. Location of release and recapture sites of the loggerhead turtles. Dashed lines: northern and southern limits of turtle nesting. Gray lines and arrows: typical year-round tracks of the Kuroshio and Tsushima Warm Currents with directions of current flow. Open star: release site.
Figure 2 in Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan
Figure 2. Movement route maps of satellite-tagged loggerhead turtles <50 cm straight carapace length (SCL) after their release off Kanazawa-shi, Sea of Japan, on July 15, 2011. Circles: final positions. Open star: start position. (A) Tracks of turtle IDs 22270, 42712, 50135 and 65426. Inlet: track of turtle ID 22270 leaving the Sea of Japan on August 22, 2011 through the Soya Strait. (B) Tracks of turtle IDs 23537, 25329 and 57144. (C) Track of turtle ID 25695.
Simulation data for "Artificial Downwelling/Upwelling Could Mitigate Deoxygenation in the Western Subarctic North Pacific "
<p>Uvic model results used in the paper "Artificial Downwelling/Upwelling Could Mitigate Deoxygenation in the Western Subarctic North Pacific " to creat all figures and tables. Netcdf files with prefix "tsi" are annual global averaged output for all 2D and 3D variables used in the UVic model; Mat files with prefix "tavg" are annual results of selected tracers; Mat files with prefix "tbt" are annual results of oxygen tracer balance terms. Note that the raw model output ncfiles can be obtained by contacting cbxiao@zju.edu.cn.</p> <p>Code modified to simulate AD and AU is also available in "modified UVic code.rar".</p>
Dataset for "Fire in lichen-rich subarctic tundra changes carbon and nitrogen cycling between ecosystem compartments but has minor effects on stocks"
<p>Data that support the findings of the study "Fire disturbance promotes biodiversity of plants, lichens and birds in the Siberian subarctic tundra".</p>
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape [Data set]
<p>The data set contains carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) fluxes of boreal subarctic landscape and its ecosystems and ecotones, and ancillary meteorological and environmental data, measured at Kaamanen, northern Finland (69°8’ N, 27°16’ E; 155 m a.s.l.), during June 2017 - June 2019. The studied ecosystems and ecotones include: upland pine forest, fen, treed pine bog, sparsely treed pine bog, lakes and string top fen plant community.</p> <p>C_fluxes1b_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.csv includes quality screened, u* filtered and gap-filled eddy covariance ecosystem flux data and modelled pine bog and string top time series utilising eddy covariance and manual flux chamber measurements.</p> <p>C_fluxes2_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.csv includes quality screened daily average lake fluxes from mineral and organic sediment lakes.</p> <p>environmental_data_Heiskanen_et_al_2022.xlsx includes ancillary meteorological and environmental data.</p>
Moss species and precipitation mediate experimental warming stimulation of growing season N2 fixation in subarctic tundra
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Leaf functional traits predict timing of nutrient resorption and carbon depletion in deciduous subarctic plants
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Trophic structure and mercury transfer in the subarctic fish community of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada
<p>In recent decades, mercury concentrations have increased in fish of Great Slave Lake (GSL), a subarctic great lake in northern Canada with important recreational, subsistence, and commercial fisheries. This study characterized habitat use and trophic position of common fish species in GSL near the City of Yellowknife (Northwest Territories, Canada), measured mercury concentrations in water and in taxa from lower trophic levels of the food web, and examined trophic and biological influences on mercury concentrations within and among fish species. Northern pike (<i>Exos lucius</i>) and lake whitefish (<i>Coregonus clupeformis</i>) fed predominantly nearshore, cisco (<i>Coregonus artedi</i>) and longnose sucker (<i>Catostomus catostomus</i>) fed predominantly offshore, and burbot (<i>Lota lota</i>) fed roughly equally in both habitats. Habitat-specific feeding did not influence mercury bioaccumulation in fish, in contrast with published studies of smaller lakes. Water concentrations of total mercury and methylmercury were low and showed little spatial variation among sites or depths. Zooplankton (>200 µm) had similarly low methylmercury concentrations to littoral and profundal amphipods, suggesting little habitat-variation of mercury exposure near the base of the food web. Age, size, and trophic position were significant explanatory variables for muscle total mercury concentrations within populations of fish species. Among fish species, size and trophic position explained 80% of the variation in muscle total mercury concentrations. This study generated the most comprehensive dataset to date on mercury bioaccumulation in the food web of GSL, which will serve as a baseline for future studies of this great lake.</p>
Post-fire vegetation succession in the Siberian subarctic tundra over 45 years
<p>Wildfires are relatively rare in subarctic tundra ecosystems, but they can strongly change ecosystem properties. Short-term fire effects on subarctic tundra vegetation are well documented, but long-term vegetation recovery has been studied less. The frequency of tundra fires will increase with climate warming. Understanding the long-term effects of fire is necessary to predict future ecosystem changes. We used a space-for-time approach to assess vegetation recovery after fire over more than four decades. We studied soil and vegetation patterns on three large fire scars (>44, 28 and 12 years old) in dry, lichen-dominated forest tundra in Western Siberia. On 60 plots, we determined soil temperature and permafrost thaw depth, sampled vegetation and measured plant functional traits. We assessed trends in NDVI to support the field-based results on vegetation recovery.Soil temperature, permafrost thaw depth and total vegetation cover had recovered to pre-fire levels after >44 years, as well as total vegetation cover. In contrast, after >44 years, functional groups had not recovered to the pre-fire state. Burnt areas had lower lichen and higher bryophyte and shrub cover. The dominating shrub species, <i>Betula nana</i>, exhibited a higher vitality (higher specific leaf area and plant height) on burnt compared with control plots, suggesting a fire legacy effect in shrub growth. Our results confirm patterns of shrub encroachment after fire that were detected before in other parts of the Arctic and Subarctic. In the so far poorly studied Western Siberian forest tundra we demonstrate for the first time, long-term fire-legacies on the functional composition of relatively dry shrub- and lichen-dominated vegetation.</p>
Community composition and photosynthetic physiology of phytoplankton in the western subarctic Pacific near the Kuril Islands with special reference to iron availability
<p class="Abstract">The western subarctic Pacific (WSP) is known as one of the most productive regions among the world's oceans in spring. However, its oceanic waters are also known as a High Nutrient, Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region during summer due to low iron (Fe) availability in seawater. Indeed, recent studies have demonstrated that the distribution of Fe in the WSP is complex and heterogeneous. This study thus investigated the effects of Fe availability on the community composition and photophysiology of surface phytoplankton from coastal to offshore waters in the WSP in the summer of 2014. Although relatively high concentrations (>2 mg m<sup>–3</sup>) of chlorophyll (chl) <i>a</i> were found in the Sea of Okhotsk and some coastal waters, low chl <i>a</i> concentrations (<1 mg m<sup>–3</sup>) were commonly observed. Based on dissolved Fe and macronutrient concentrations, we deduced that low Fe availability limited phytoplankton growth in offshore waters, whereas low silicate and/or nitrate levels limited growth in the shelf areas. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed that the centric diatom <i>Chaetoceros</i> exclusively dominated the diatom assemblages in the shelf<i> </i>and coexisted with pennate diatoms in offshore waters, respectively<i>.</i> Primary productivity in surface waters was negatively correlated with the bottom of the euphotic layer or the light saturation index of the photosynthesis–irradiance curve, which indicates that the phytoplankton assemblages were well acclimated to <i>in situ</i> light conditions regardless of the water masses.</p>
Data from: Frost damage measured by electrolyte leakage in subarctic bryophytes increases with climate warming
<p>1. Observed climate change in northern high latitudes is strongest in winter, but still relatively little is known about the effects of winter climate change on tundra ecosystems. Ongoing changes in winter climate and snow cover will change the intensity, duration, and frequency of frost events. Bryophytes form a major component of northern ecosystems but their responses to winter climate changes are largely unknown. 2. Here, we studied how changes in overall winter climate and snow regime affect frost damage in three common bryophyte taxa that differ in desiccation tolerance in a subarctic tundra ecosystem. We used a snow manipulation experiment where bryophyte cores were transplanted from just above the treeline to similar elevation (i.e., current cold climate) and lower elevation (i.e., near-future warmer climate scenario) in Abisko, Sweden. Here we measured frost damage in shoots of <em>Ptilidium ciliare</em>, <em>Hylocomium splendens</em> and <em>Sphagnum fuscum</em> with the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) method, during late winter and spring in two consecutive years. We hypothesized that frost damage would be lower in a milder climate (low site), higher under reduced snow cover, and that taxa from moister habitats with assumed low desiccation tolerance would be more sensitive to lower temperature and thinner snow cover than those from drier and more exposed habitats. 3. Contrary to our expectations, frost damage was highest at low elevation, while the effect of snow treatment differed across sites and taxa. At the high site, frost damage was reduced under snow addition in the taxon with the assumed lowest desiccation tolerance, <em>S. fuscum</em>. Surprisingly, frost damage increased with mean temperature in the bryophyte core of the preceding 14 days leading up to REL measurements and decreased with higher frost degree sums, i.e., was highest in the milder climate at the low site. 4. Synthesis. Our results imply that climate warming in late winter and spring increases frost damage in bryophytes. Given the high abundance of bryophytes in tundra ecosystems, higher frost damage could alter the appearance and functioning of the tundra landscape, although the short and long-term effects on bryophyte fitness remain to be studied.</p>
Pairing Remote Sensing and Clustering in Landscape Hydrology for Large-Scale Changes Identification. Applications to the Subarctic Watershed of the George River (Nunavik, Canada). Dataset and Code.
<p>For remote and vast northern watersheds, hydrological data are often sparse and incomplete. Landscape hydrology provides useful approaches for the indirect assessment of the hydrological characteristics of watersheds through analysis of landscape properties. In this study, we used unsupervised Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GeOBIA) paired with the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm to produce seven high-resolution territorial classifications of key remotely sensed hydro-geomorphic metrics for the 1985-2019 time-period, each spanning five years. Our study site is the George River watershed (GRW), a 42,000 km<sup>2</sup> watershed located in Nunavik, northern Quebec (Canada). The subwatersheds within the GRW, used as the objects of the GeOBIA, were classified as a function of their hydrological similarities. Classification results for the period 2015-2019 showed that the GRW is composed of two main types of subwatersheds distributed along a latitudinal gradient, which indicates broad-scale differences in hydrological regimes and water balances across the GRW. Six classifications were computed for the period 1985-2014 to investigate past changes in hydrological regime. The seven-classification time series showed a homogenization of subwatershed types associated to increases in vegetation productivity and in water content<br> in soil and vegetation, mostly concentrated in the northern half of the GRW, which were the major changes occurring in the land cover metrics of the GRW. An increase in vegetation productivity likely contributed to an augmentation in evapotranspiration and may be a primary driver of fundamental shifts in the GRW water balance, potentially explaining a measured decline of about 1 % (∼ 0.16 km<sup>3</sup>y<sup>−1</sup>) in the George River’s discharge since the mid-1970s. Permafrost degradation over the study period also likely affected the hydrological regime and water balance of the GRW. However, the shifts in permafrost extent and active layer thickness remain difficult to detect using remote sensing based approaches, particularly in areas of discontinuous and sporadic permafrost.</p>
Dataset: Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon invasion in subarctic Iceland: evidence from a long-term study.
<p>This dataset supports the paper <em>Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) Invasion in Subarctic Iceland: Evidence from a Long-Term Study</em>, published in <em>NeoBiota</em>. It includes the following files:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Point_data_distribution.csv</strong>: Contains distribution point data for <em>Pinus contorta</em> in Steinadalur, using the WGS 84 coordinate reference system (EPSG:4326).</li> <li><strong>Plot_data_pinus.csv</strong>: provides data on plant species richness within study plots.</li> <li><strong>Transects_data.csv</strong>: Includes information on the density of <em>P. contorta</em> along transects.</li> </ol>
Data from: Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage
<p>Here we present the data and R script from "<em>Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage</em>" by Henni Ylänne, Rieke L. Madsen, Carles Castaño, Daniel B. Metcalfe and Karina E. Clemmensen (Global Change Biology, 2021). In this study we reported the impacts of grazing regime and mountain birch vicinity on the abundance, diversity and community composition of the soil fungal community, and explored how the soil fungal communities relate to vegetation and, ultimately, to the observed variation in soil carbon stocks. The study was conducted at a treeline ecotone in northern Fennoscandia, where two adjacent 65-year-old grazing regimes with or without summer grazing by reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) could be compared. As these grazing regimes differ in the abundance of mountain birch (<i>Betula pubescens</i> ssp. <i>czerepanovii</i>), the own effects of mountain birch vicinity on the fungal communities were assessed by collecting soil samples directly underneath and > 3 m away from mountain birches.</p> <p>This dataset includes data of soil properties, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, vegetation community composition (as deterred from plant reads captured by the high-throughput sequencing of ITS2 region), fungal abundance (ITS2 copy numbers), fungal diversity and the taxonomic and functional composition of the soil fungal communities.</p>
Patterns and determinants of lichen abundance and diversity across a subarctic to arctic latitudinal gradient
<p>Macrolichen abundance at the species level in 42 sites across a subarctic (56°N) to arctic (62°N) latitudinal gradient in Nunavik (Québec, Canada). Data was collected in the dominant vegetation types of six regions sampled along this gradient.</p>
Subarctic soil carbon losses after deforestation for agriculture depend on permafrost abundance - study data
<p>Contains the dataset and R code used for the study "Subarctic soil carbon losses after deforestation for agriculture depend on permafrost abundance".</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.