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377 results for “Temperature response”
Transcriptional regulation underlying the temperature response of embryonic development rate in the winter moth
<p>Climate change will strongly affect the developmental timing of insects, as their development rate largely depends on ambient temperature. However, we know little about the genetic mechanisms underlying the temperature sensitivity of embryonic development in insects. We investigated embryonic development rate in the winter moth (<em>Operophtera brumata</em>), a species with egg dormancy that has been under selection due to climate change. We used RNAseq to investigate which genes are involved in the regulation of winter moth embryonic development rate in response to temperature. Over the course of development, we sampled eggs before and after an experimental change in ambient temperature, including two early development weeks when the temperature sensitivity of eggs is low and two late development weeks when temperature sensitivity is high. We found temperature-responsive genes that responded in a similar way across development, as well as genes with a temperature response specific to a particular development week. Moreover, we identified genes whose temperature effect size changed around the switch in temperature sensitivity of development rate. Interesting candidate genes for regulating the temperature sensitivity of egg development rate included genes involved in histone modification, hormonal signalling, nervous system development, and circadian clock genes. In conclusion, the diverse sets of temperature-responsive genes we found here indicate that there are many potential targets of selection to change the temperature sensitivity of embryonic development rate. Identifying for which of these genes there is genetic variation in wild insect populations will give insight into their adaptive potential in the face of climate change.</p>
Figure 1 in Functional response and predation rate of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) at three constant temperatures
Figure 1. Functional response of Amblyseius swirskii to eggs of Tetranychus urticae at 25 (A), 30 (B) and 35°C (C).
Collected laboratory data for: Theoretical basis and analyses of temperature responses of water-saturated rocks to rapid changes in confining pressure
<p><span>In this data submission, there are three collected laboratory data sets used in the submitted manuscript: Theoretical basis and analyses of temperature responses of water-saturated rocks to rapid changes in confining pressure. The first data set includes the </span><span>thermophysical properties of the main rock-forming minerals in the crust and water. The second data set includes </span><span>the poroelastic constants for compact and porous rocks. </span><span>The third data set includes <span>the </span>chemical composition (Oxides) and CIPW norm minerals of Karatsu basalt (KBT), and isothermal bulk modulus (<em>K</em><sub>i</sub>) of each mineral.</span></p>
Auxiliary data for Moustakis et al. 2024 "Temperature overshoot responses to ambitious forestation in an Earth System Model"
<p>The netcdf file "Moustakis_et_al_2024_Data.nc" contains all the key variables presented in the figures of the manuscript of Moustakis et al. 2024: "Temperature overshoot responses to ambitious forestation in an Earth System Model".</p> <p>Please read the README.txt file for more information on the variables included.</p> <p>For any further queries please refer to the corresponding author, Yiannis Moustakis: <br>yiannis.moustakis@geographie.uni-muenchen.de</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Thermal response of freshwater ciliates: can they survive at elevated lake temperatures?
<p>The response of the single-celled ciliates to increased temperature during global warming is critical for the structure and functioning of freshwater food webs. I conducted a meta-analysis of the literature from field studies and experimental evidence to assess the parameters characterising the thermal response of freshwater ciliates. The shape of the thermal performance curve predicts the ciliates' survival at supraoptimal temperatures (i.e., the width of the thermal safety margin, TSM). The ciliates' typical TSM is ~5°C. One-third of the freshwater ciliates dwelling permanently or occasionally in the pelagial cannot survive at temperatures exceeding 30°C. Likewise, cold-stenothermic species, which represent a significant fraction of euplanktonic ciliates, cannot survive by evolutionary adaptation to rapidly warming environments. The statistical analysis revealed that the ciliates' thermal performance is affected by their planktonic lifestyle (euplanktonic versus tychoplanktonic), ability to form cysts, and nutritional ecology. Bactivorous ciliates have the widest temperature niche, and algivorous ciliates have the narrowest temperature niche. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic variation, favouring the selection of pre-adapted species in a new environment, are widespread among freshwater ciliates. However, the lack of evidence for the temperature optima and imprecisely defined tolerance limits of most species hamper the present analysis. The extent of acclimation and adaptation requires further research with more ciliate species than the few chosen thus far. Recent eco-evolutionary experimental work and modelling approaches demonstrated that the ciliates' thermal responses follow general trends predicted by the metabolic theory of ecology and mechanistic functions inherent in enzyme kinetics. The present analysis identified current knowledge gaps and avenues for future research that may serve as a model study for other biota. Thermal adaptation may conflict with adaptation to other stressors (predators, food availability, pH), making general predictions on the future role of freshwater ciliates in a warmer environment difficult, if not impossible, at the moment.</p>
Figure 3 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 3. Process of development of heat-resistant cultivars. Identify heat-resistant genes from natural genetic resources through genome wide association mapping and then study the study how these genes are operated. Select those genes which are associated with various signaling pathways and then transform them into current germplasm.
Figure 1 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 1. Schematic representation of most sensitive phase of various crops during high temperature stress.
Response of convectively coupled Kelvin waves to surface temperature forcing in aquaplanet simulations: data and code
<p>This is the data and code used for a journal paper entitled "Response of convectively coupled Kelvin waves to surface temperature forcing in aquaplanet simulations", written by Mu-Ting Chien and Daehyun Kim in 2024. This paper is in minor revision in the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth System. The submitted paper is here: (https://essopenarchive.org/doi/full/10.22541/essoar.171322728.86206700/v1).</p>
Fig. 2. Type II in Effect of temperature on functional response of Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Fig. 2. Type II functional response curves fitted by Roger's random parasitoid equation (RRPE) of Aphidius gifuensis against Myzus persicae at various temperatures.
Fig. 1. Type II in Effect of temperature on functional response of Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Fig. 1. Type II functional response curves fitted by Holling's disc equation (HDE) of Aphidius gifuensis against Myzus persicae at various temperatures.
Transgenerational plasticity in a zooplankton in response to elevated temperature and parasitism
<p>Organisms are increasingly facing multiple stressors, which can simultaneously interact to cause unpredictable impacts compared to a single stressor alone. Recent evidence suggests that phenotypic plasticity can allow for rapid responses to altered environments, including biotic and abiotic stressors, both within a generation and across generations (transgenerational plasticity). Parents can potentially 'prime' their offspring to better cope with similar stressors, or, alternatively, might produce offspring that are less fit because of energetic constraints. At present, it remains unclear exactly how biotic and abiotic stressors jointly mediate the responses of transgenerational plasticity, and whether this plasticity is adaptive. Here we test the effects of biotic and abiotic environmental changes on within- and trans-generational plasticity using a <em>Daphnia</em>-<em>Metschnikowia</em> zooplankton-fungal parasite system. By exposing parents and their offspring consecutively to the single and combined effects of elevated temperature and parasite infection, we showed that transgenerational plasticity induced by temperature and parasite stress influenced host fecundity and lifespan; offspring of mothers that were exposed to one of the stressors were better able to tolerate elevated temperature, compared to offspring of mothers that were exposed to neither or both stressors. Yet the negative effects caused by parasite infection were much stronger, and this greater reduction in host fitness was not mitigated by transgenerational plasticity. We also showed that elevated temperature led to a lower average immune response and that the relationship between immune response and lifetime fecundity reversed under elevated temperature: the daughters of exposed mothers showed decreased fecundity with increased hemocyte production at ambient temperature, but the opposite relationship at elevated temperature. Together, our results highlight the need to address questions at the interface of multiple stressors and transgenerational plasticity, and the importance of considering multiple fitness-associated traits when evaluating the adaptive value of transgenerational plasticity under changing environments.</p>
Shifts in flowering phenology in response to spring temperatures in eastern Tennessee
<p>Plant phenological shifts are among the clearest indicators of the effects of climate change. In North America, numerous studies in New England have demonstrated earlier spring flowering compared to historical records. However, few studies have examined phenological shifts in the southeastern United States, a highly biodiverse region of North America characterized by dramatic variation in abiotic conditions over small geographic areas. Here, we use 1000+ digitized herbarium records along with location-specific temperature data to examine phenological shifts of 14 spring-flowering species in two adjacent ecoregions in eastern Tennessee. We show that spring-flowering plant communities in the Blue Ridge and Ridge & Valley ecoregions differ in their sensitivity to temperature; plants in the Ridge & Valley flower 2.7 days earlier/ºC on average compared to 1.3 days/ºC for plants in the Blue Ridge. Additionally, we show that for the majority of species in both ecoregions, flowering is sensitive to spring temperature; i.e., in warmer years, most species flowered earlier. Despite this sensitivity, we did not find support for community-level shifts in flowering within eastern Tennessee in recent decades, likely because increases in annual temperature in the southeast are driven primarily by warming summer (rather than spring) temperatures. These results highlight the importance of including ecoregion as a predictor in phenological models for capturing variation in sensitivity among populations and suggest that even small shifts in temperature can have dramatic effects on phenology in response to climate in the southeastern United States.</p>
Probing temperature-responsivity of microgels and its interplay with a solid surface by superresolution microscopy and numerical simulations
<p>This dataset supports the publication ' Probing temperature-responsivity of microgels and its interplay with a solid surface by super resolution microscopy and numerical simulations' published on ACS Nano. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c07569</p>
Dataset for manuscript "Responses to single and multiple temperature-, medium-, and pH-stimuli triggering reversible shape shifts in hydrogel actuators"
<p>The dataset includes data for the article "Responses to single and multiple temperature-, medium-, and pH-stimuli triggering reversible shape shifts in hydrogel actuators", https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111511</p>
Underlying data of Impact of shipping temperature on cell viability and T cell responses to bacterial antigens
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p><strong>Background: </strong>Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion by T cells is a key correlate of immune protection against many pathogens including tuberculosis and the neglected tropical disease melioidosis. Clinical studies in tropical regions of immune responses to pathogens and vaccine monitoring studies require the collection of samples in resource-limited rural areas and subsequent shipment to central laboratories for downstream assays and long-term storage. Here, we studied the impact of two different shipping temperatures on the viability, composition and function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using multi-colour flow cytometry and IFN-g enzyme-linked immunospot assay (IFN-g ELISpot), in order to provide guidance on sample shipment conditions for future clinical studies.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: Paired peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from recovered melioidosis patients were stored in liquid nitrogen (-196°C) and then shipped from Bangkok, Thailand to Oxford, UK at either -80°C (dry ice) or -196°C (dry shipper). After thawing, cell viability and composition were assessed by flow cytometry and antigen specific responses to <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em> (BP) were measured using IFN-g ELISpot.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: We observed modest lowering of viability in the majority of samples and a reduction in IFN-g responses to BP which correlated to a decrease of monocytes and NK cells in samples shipped at -80°C compared to -196°C. Despite being lower in magnitude antigen-specific responses remained detectable in the majority of samples.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>Here we demonstrate that shipment of cryopreserved PBMC at -196°C has a benefit on cell viability, recovery and T cell responses to bacterial antigens, although useful information can still be obtained from samples shipped at -80°C, thus providing important guidance for sample management in future clinical trials.</p>
Data accompanying Using Neural Networks to Learn the Forced Response of the Jet-Stream to Tropospheric Temperature Tendencies
<p>Data used to train and evaluate a CNN. Details about data and the preprocessing can be found in the citation given below</p> <p>Charlotte Connolly, Elizabeth A. Barnes, Pedram Hassanzadeh, and Mike Pritchard: Using Neural Networks to Learn the Jet Stream Forced Response from Natural Variability, accepted to Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems 03/2023. Preprint available at <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00496">https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00496</a>.</p> <p>Code found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7796266.</p> <p> </p>
Figure 4 in Modeling Demographic Response to Constant Temperature inBryobia rubrioculus (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Figure 4.Age–specific survival rate (lx), female age–specific fecundity (fx8), age–specific fecundity (mx), and agespecific maternity (lxmx) ofB. rubrioculusat five constant temperatures.
Figure 2 in Modeling Demographic Response to Constant Temperature inBryobia rubrioculus (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Figure 2.Observed Age-specific survival rate (lx) and Observed age–specific fecundity (mx) ofBryobia rubrioculus at five constant temperatures fitted to the Weibull's and Polynomial's estimates respectively.
Figure 3 in Modeling Demographic Response to Constant Temperature inBryobia rubrioculus (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Figure 3.Age–stage specific survival rate (sxj) ofBryobia rubrioculus at five constant temperatures.
Data supporting: "Bayesian diagnosis of climate feedback evolution and forced temperature response"
<p><strong>This data set supports the paper:<br> Calafat, F. M., & Cael, B. B. (2023). Bayesian diagnosis of climate feedback evolution and forced temperature response, Geophysical Research Letters, submitted.</strong></p> <p>Please cite this paper when using this data set.</p> <p><em>Data description:</em></p> <ul> <li><strong>EBM_estimates.nc:</strong> this file contains Bayesian estimates from the energy balance model, including estimates of the climate feedback parameter and forced global average temperature change.</li> <li><strong>EBM_input_data.nc:</strong> this file contains all of the data used as input to the Bayesian energy balance model.</li> </ul>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.