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65 results for “Tetrahymena thermophila”
Data for: Sex, amitosis, and evolvability in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Understanding the mechanisms that generate genetic variation, and thus contribute to the process of adaptation, is a major goal of evolutionary biology. </span><span>Mutation and genetic exchange have been well studied as mechanisms to generate genetic variation. However, there are additional factors, such as genome architecture, that may also impact the amount of genetic variation in some populations, and <span>the extent to which these variation generating mechanisms are themselves shaped by natural selection is still an open question. To test the effect of genome architecture on the generation of genetic variation, and hence evolvability, we studied <em>Tetrahymena thermophila</em>, a ciliate with an unusual genome structure and mechanism of nuclear division, called amitosis, whereby homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells. Amitosis leads to genetic variation among the asexual descendants of a newly produced sexual progeny because different progeny cells will contain different combinations of parental alleles. We hypothesize that amitosis thus increases the evolvability of newly produced sexual progeny relative to their unmated parents and species that undergo mitosis. To test this hypothesis, we used experimental evolution and simulations to compare the rate of adaptation in <em>T. thermophila</em> populations founded by a single sexual progeny to parental populations that had not had sex in many generations. The populations founded by a sexual progeny adapted more quickly than parental populations in both laboratory populations and simulated populations. This suggests that the additional genetic variation generated by amitosis of a heterozygote can increase the rate of adaptation following sex and may help explain the evolutionary success of the unusual genetic architecture of <em>Tetrahymena </em>and ciliates more generally.</span></span></span></p>
Tetrahymena thermophila genome (.fa file)
<p>This is the Tetrahymena thermophila genome file (FASTA) obtained from a previous version of the TGD (Tetrahymena genome database) database. This is the 2020 version of the genome (following the publication of Sheng et al. 2020 Sci China Life Sci.).</p>
Data from: Gene swamping alters evolution during range expansions in the protist Tetrahymena thermophila
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Data for: Sex, amitosis, and evolvability in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
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Mass spectrometry of natively decorated doublet microtubule from Tetrahymena thermophila WT and mutants
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Data from: Genetic background alters dominance relationships between mat alleles in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
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Data from: Dispersal propensity in Tetrahymena thermophila ciliates – a reaction norm perspective
Dispersal and phenotypic plasticity are two main ways for species to deal with rapid changes of their environments. Understanding how genotypes (G), environments (E) and their interaction (genotype and environment; G x E) each affects dispersal propensity is therefore instrumental for predicting the ecological and evolutionary responses of species under global change. Here we used an actively dispersing ciliate to quantify the contributions of G, E, and G x E on dispersal propensity, exposing 44 different genotypes to three different environmental contexts (densities in isogenotype populations). Moreover, we assessed the condition-dependence of dispersal, i.e. whether dispersal is related to morphological, physiological or behavioral traits. We found that genotypes showed marked differences in dispersal propensity and that dispersal is plastically adjusted to density, with the overall trend for genotypes to exhibit negative density-dependent dispersal. A small, but significant G x E interaction indicates genetic variability in plasticity and therefore some potential for dispersal plasticity to evolve. We also show evidence consistent with condition-dependent dispersal suggesting that genotypes also vary in how individual condition is linked to dispersal under different environmental contexts thereby generating complex dispersal behavior due to only three variables (genes, environment, and individual condition).
Fig. 1 in Effects of Roscovitine on Schedule of Divisional Morphogenesis, Basal Bodies Proliferation and Cell Divisions in Tetrahymena thermophila
Fig. 1. Divisional morphogenesis and cytokinesis in untreated (control) T. thermophila. Cells were immunostained with the anti-centrin 20H5 antibody. A–F' stomatogenesis, stages I–VI; G–H cytokinesis. AF – an anarchic field, ARF – parental apical ring of filaments, mARF material for new ARF localised on in the proximal ends (couplets of BBs) of cortical rows in opisthe cell, FZ – fission zone, OA1 and OA2 – parental and new oral apparatuses, OC – parental oral crescent, nOC – new oral crescents in both daughter cells. Bar: 10 µm for A–H.
Fig. 11 in Effects of Roscovitine on Schedule of Divisional Morphogenesis, Basal Bodies Proliferation and Cell Divisions in Tetrahymena thermophila
Fig. 11. Cortical structures of T. thermophila immunogoldlabelled with anti-cdc14A antibody. A – longitudinal section of the ciliated basal body; B – transversal section of the fragment of the cortical row; C – section at the level of basal bodies of oral membranelle. Kt – kinetodesmal fiber, pc – postciliary microtubules, arrowhead – filamentous material. Bar: 1 μm.
Fig. 3 in Effects of Roscovitine on Schedule of Divisional Morphogenesis, Basal Bodies Proliferation and Cell Divisions in Tetrahymena thermophila
Fig. 3. Divisional morphogenesis and cytokinesis in T. thermophila after 5.5 h treatment with roscovitine. Cells were immunostained with the anti-centrin 20H5 antibody. A–C – stage VI of divisional morphogenesis; D–F' – cytokinesis; A and A' – ventral and dorsal views of the same cell. Other explanations as in Fig. 1. Bar in F': 10 µm for A–F'.
Data from: Hidden genetic variation in the germline genome of Tetrahymena thermophila
Genome architecture varies greatly among eukaryotes. This diversity may profoundly affect the origin and maintenance of genetic variation within a population. Ciliates are microbial eukaryotes with unusual genome features, such as separation of germline and somatic genomes within a single cell and amitotic division. These features have previously been proposed to increase the rate of molecular evolution in these species. Here, we assessed the fitness effects of genetic variation in the two genomes of natural isolates of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. We find more extensive genetic variation in fitness in the transcriptionally-silent germline genome than in the expressed somatic genome. Surprisingly, this variation is not primarily deleterious, but has both beneficial and deleterious effects. We conclude that Tetrahymena genome architecture allows for the maintenance of genetic variation that would otherwise be eliminated by selection. We consider the effect of selection on the two genomes and the impacts of reproductive strategies and the mechanism of sex determination on the structure of this variation.
Data from: Dispersal propensity in Tetrahymena thermophila ciliates – a reaction norm perspective
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Data from: Hidden genetic variation in the germline genome of Tetrahymena thermophila
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mRNA sequencing of WT and e2fl-1∆ cells in conjugation 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7) hours of Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE81856. Tetrahymena thermophila. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
mRNA sequencing of WT and cdk3∆ cells in conjugation 1, 2 and 3 (C1, C2 and C3) hours of Tetrahymena thermophila.
GEO Series GSE80977. Tetrahymena thermophila. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
mRNA sequencing of WT, ∆CDK19 and ∆CYC9 cells in starvation and costimulation (S, co) of Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE132677. Tetrahymena thermophila. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Genome-Wide Microarray Analysis Reveals Massive Changes in Gene Expression During Conjugation in Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE11300. Tetrahymena thermophila. 50 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
RNA-seq analysis of Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE27971. Tetrahymena thermophila. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
mRNA sequencing of WT and dpl2∆ cells in conjugation 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7) hours of Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE104524. Tetrahymena thermophila. 10 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Sequence, Biogenesis, and Function of Diverse sRNA Classes Bound to the Piwi-family Proteins of Tetrahymena thermophila
GEO Series GSE17006. Tetrahymena thermophila. 11 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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