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343 results for “Water Level”
A multi-level network tool to trace wasted water from farm to fork and backward
<p>NETFLOW - Network-based 13 Evaluation Tool for Food LOss and Waste<br>V 0.1</p> <p>####################################################################################################################################################</p> <p><br>Authors:<br>Francesco Semeria - Politecnico di Torino - francesco.semeria@polito.it<br>Marta Tuninetti - Politecnico di Torino<br>Luca Ridolfi - Politecnico di Torino</p> <p>####################################################################################################################################################</p> <p>CONTENT OF THIS ARCHIVE</p> <p>The listed files contain output data from the NETFLOW tool and assess the impact on water resources of food loss and waste (FLW) for wheat an its main derived products (flour, bran, pasta and bread).</p> <p>In particular, they quantify such impact offering two perspectives: <br> 1. supply-side, from FLW associated to food consumption backwards to the countries of production;<br> 2. utilisation-side, from the countries of production forward to the countries where FLW occurs.</p> <p>It should be noted that the two perspectives allow to identify two different aspects of the FLW issue.</p> <p><br>List of files:</p> <p>data_fig2_ita_supply_vw.xlsx = output data regarding the supply network of Italy.<br>data_fig3_usa_utilisation_vw.xlsx = output data regarding the utilisation network of the United States.<br>data_fig4_global_supply_vw.xlx = output data regarding the global supply network.</p> <p><br>Modelling scripts are currently available upon request.</p>
Projected fresh water use from the European energy sector on NUTS2 level by 2050 following EU Energy Reference Scenario 2016
<p>The dataset contains projections of fresh water withdrawal and consumption from the European energy sector on NUTS2 level by 2050 following EU Energy Reference Scenario 2016.</p> <p>The energy sector in this scope includes energy production (production of coal, oil and gas) and energy transformation in oil refineries and power plants (nuclear, solid fuels, oil, gas, biomass and geothermal).</p> <p>The information in provided on NUTS 2 level following the NUTS2 2013 definition.</p> <p>The dataset is explained in more detail in the report <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/projected-fresh-water-use-european-energy-sector">Projected fresh water use from the European energy sector</a>.</p>
Data for manuscript titled 'Impact of urbanization and drought on river water quality, case study of nutrient levels in Cuenca and Giron (Azuay, Ecuador)'
<p>The uploaded zip-file entails the data obtained through four field campaigns performed in the province of Azuay (Ecuador) in the period July 2023 - May 2024, which is used as a basis for the manuscript titled 'Impact of urbanization and drought on river water quality, case study of nutrient levels in Cuenca and Giron (Azuay, Ecuador)' that was submitted to a Special Issue in the journal Water in 2024. The study aimed at illustrating the impact of urbanisation and drought on the abiotic water conditions of the rivers passing through the studied urban areas.</p> <p>The data includes a subfolder with data obtained from an external website (https://generacioncsr.celec.gob.ec/graficasproduccion/) and aligns with the folder structure of the GitHub-repository that contains the analysis scripts (to be added when the manuscript is accepted). The data file only contains the baseline data, while results can be obtained through running the R-scripts in the GitHub-repository. Additional comments on the analyses are also provided in the analysis scripts.</p> <p><strong>DATA COLLECTION</strong></p> <p>Information on the locations was collected prior to the first field campaign (July 2023) and confirmed in the field (and corrected when necessary). The following variables were registered: Date & Time, Coordinates (latitude and longitude, in WGS84 format), Altitude (in meters above mean sea level), Distance (to a fixed location downstream; being the province border), and Category (River or Stream).</p> <p>Information on the physicochemical conditions was collected directly in the field with a <strong>Horiba U-52</strong> multiprobe. The following variables were registered: Temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity (reference at 25 °C), Oxygen level (as concentration), and Turbidity (in NTU).</p> <p>At each site, a bucket was rinsed thrice with prevailing surface water and subsequently filled with a water sample of the top of the water column. The multiprobe was rinsed with this sample water and then submerged in the bucket, followed by continuous stirring (to avoid a decrease of the oxygen levels) until the readings stabilised. After stabilisation, readings were recorded on a separate data sheet prior to being digitalised.</p> <p>Information on the nutrient levels was obtained through the collection of water samples in the field and the subsequent analysis in the laboratory. The following nutrients were selected: ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, and orthophosphate. For the analyses, <strong>Merck test kits</strong> (equivalent to USEPA analyses) were used in combination with a Genesys UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Thermofisher).</p> <p><strong>In the field</strong>, a bucket was rinsed thrice with prevailing surface water and subsequently filled with a water sample of the top of the water column. A polyethylene syringe was rinsed thrice with sample water and subsequently filled prior to being fitted with a 0.45 µm PES filter. About 100 mL of sampled water was filtered and collected in a 250 mL polyethylene bottle that was rinsed with the first 5 mL of filtered water. The bottle was stored in a cooling box and transported to the laboratory.</p> <p><strong>In the laboratory</strong>, the 250 mL bottle was stored at 4 °C until analysis. Within 36 hours, concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, and orthophosphate were determined <strong>in triplicate</strong>. More specifically, the following test kits were used to determine said nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (with quantification range between brackets):</p> <ul> <li>Ammonium: 1.14752.0001 (0.05-3.00 mgN/L)</li> <li>Nitrate: 1.14773.0001 (2-20 mgN/L)</li> <li>Nitrite: 1.14776.0001 (0.02-1.00 mgN/L)</li> <li>Orthophosphate: 1.14848.0001 (0.05-5.00 mgP/L)</li> </ul> <p>Regarding the <strong>spectrophotometric determination</strong>, all analyses were complemented with a blank and a standard with a known concentration of each individual nutrient component. For each nutrient, a specific wavelength was used and the resulting absorbance was converted to the associated nutrient concentration through known factors (similar to the use of calibration curves), after setting the absorbance of the blank as reference absorbance (i.e. a concentration of 0 mg/L). All of the analyses were performed with plastic 1-cm cuvettes during the first campaign, while 5-cm cuvettes were used in the remaining three campaigns due to low nutrient levels (except for nitrate, for which an analysis through 5-cm cuvettes is not supported by the used test kits).</p>
Cuvette Centrale subset region - monthly water level data
<p>These data were derived using the methods described in the paper: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/3099</p> <p>The filenames beginning with 'WL_monthly' contain the monthly minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation of the estimated daily water levels for a subset of the Cuvette Centrale region in the Central Congo Basin.</p> <p>The filenames beginning with just 'WL_' contain the minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation of the estimated daily water levels over the 20-month study period, March 2019 to October 2020.</p> <p> </p>
Time Series of Water Levels in a Coastal Barrier-Lagoon System, NW Spain (2009-2012)
<p>This repository contains the data recorded by water-level loggers (survey-pressure transducers) deployed in a barrier-lagoon coastal system, which were used in the study by</p> <p><strong>R. González-Villanueva, M. Pérez-Arlucea, and S. Costas titled 'Lagoon Water-Level Oscillations Driven by Rainfall and Wave Climate,' published in Coastal Engineering, Volume 130, 2017, Pages 34-45, ISSN 0378-3839, available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.09.013">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.09.013</a></strong></p> <p>The repository consists of three text files:</p> <ol> <li><strong>lagoon_water_level.txt</strong></li> <li><strong>sea_level.txt</strong></li> <li><strong>phreatic_level.txt</strong></li> </ol> <p>Each file includes a header with metadata and information for each column in the data file, as follows:</p> <ul> <li><strong>pt_id</strong>: ID of the individual record</li> <li><strong>pt:</strong> instrument used</li> <li><strong>lat</strong>: Latitude in WGS84</li> <li><strong>long</strong>: Longitude in WGS84</li> <li><strong>units</strong>: Indicates the measurement unit for the water level recordings</li> <li><strong>temporal resolution</strong>: Indicates the time interval between two consecutive measurements</li> <li><strong>column 1</strong>: Description of the data contained in column 1</li> <li><strong>column 2</strong>: Description of the data contained in column 2</li> <li><strong>column n</strong>: Description of the data contained in column n</li> </ul>
University of Kansas Field Station: Water level and ice cover at Frank B. Cross Reservoir (Kansas, USA) 1993 - 2016
This database is from regular monitoring of water level and surface ice cover at Frank B. Cross Reservoir, a small freshwater impoundment in northeastern Kansas (USA). Cross Reservoir, located at the University of Kansas Field Station near Lawrence (KS), has a 3-ha surface area and a maximum depth of 12 m. Measurements of water elevation and estimates of ice cover were made at semi-monthly intervals (i.e., roughly every two weeks). The first data were taken in December 1993, shortly after the reservoir was constructed and first filled to capacity. Water levels were measured relative to a permanent water control structure. Ice cover observations were visual estimates of the percent (%) surface of the reservoir covered with ice. Water level measurements and ice cover estimates are made at the same time. This database is updated periodically and maintenance is ongoing.
Nyack Floodplain RiverNet surface water and groundwater dissolved oxygen, conductivity, water level, and temperature Northwest Montana, USA, 2012-2020
Water dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, and level from ten locations in the Nyack Floodplain of the Middle Fork of the Flathead River in Northwest Montana, USA. Measurements are made hourly for the period of 2012 to 2020. Six sensor are placed in groundwater wells and four are placed in surface water. Data up to June 26h, 2019 have been cleaned to remove bad data and flag potentially anomalous observations.
Water Levels from the Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida from April 1996 to 2012
Data is a compilation of 15 minute data into daily averages for use with other FCE-LTER datasets. For original dataset Meta-data and other information please visit the South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) website at https://archive.usgs.gov/archive/sites/sofia.usgs.gov/index.html (the current URL as of March 2020)
Large shark catches (Drumline), water temperatures, salinities, dissolved oxygen levels, and stable isotope values in the Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER) from May 2009 to May 2011
This dataset provides information on the catches of large sharks in the Shark River Slough in relation to physical factors including dissolved oxygen, water temperature, salinity, and distance upstream. Analysis of data collected suggest that distance from the Gulf of Mexico and salinity have the largest effects on shark catch rates, with most large sharks being caught at the mouth of the estuary in high salinity waters. This dataset includes all sharks caught on drumline gear, including large coastal species such as bull sharks and lemon sharks, as well as smaller coastal species such as Atlantic sharpnose sharks and blacknose sharks.
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Watershed 3 well water level recordings, 2007 - ongoing
This dataset consists of groundwater levels measured within wells distributed across Watershed 3 at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest from 2007-2020. Water levels are expressed as a depth (cm) from the soil surface. This dataset is a part of a larger project aimed at explaining the spatial and temporal variation in stream water chemistry at the headwater catchment scale using a framework based on the combined study of hydrology and soil development – hydropedology. The project will demonstrate how hydrology strongly influences soil development and soil chemistry, and in turn, controls stream water quality in headwater catchments. Understanding the linkages between hydrology and soil development can provide valuable information for managing forests and stream water quality. Feedbacks between soils and hydrology that lead to predictable landscape patterns of soil chemistry have implications for understanding spatial gradients in site productivity and suitability for species with differing habitat requirements or chemical sensitivity. Tools are needed that identify and predict these gradients that can ultimately provide guidance for land management and silvicultural decision making. Better integration between soil science, hydrology, and biogeochemistry will provide the conceptual leap needed by the hydrologic community to be able to better predict and explain temporal and spatial variability of stream water quality and understand water sources contributing to streamflow. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Water column primary production from inorganic carbon uptake for 24h at simulated in situ light levels in deck incubators, collected at Palmer Station Antarctica during Palmer LTER field seasons, 1994-2025.
Primary Production experiments were led by Vernet from the 1994-1995 season through the 2006-2007 season. Schofield is the current lead, beginning in the 2009-2010 season. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Primary production is the uptake of inorganic carbon and assimilation of it into organic matter by phytoplankton. Primary production rates, expressed as mgC per m3 per day were measured by the uptake of radioactive (14C) sodium bicarbonate. Water samples are collected throughout the water column at stations within the Palmer LTER region (primarily B and E, to 50m and 65m respectively). Beginning in the 2020-2021 season, Station B is no longer sampled. Water is put into borosilicate bottles, inoculated with 1 uCi of NaH14CO3 per bottle, and incubated in an outdoor deck incubator. The incubator is plumbed to the Palmer Station sea water system to maintain ambient seawater temperature and bottles are screened to in situ light levels. The uptake of 14C-bicarbonate by the phytoplankton was measured in a scintillation counter after a 24-hour incubation period. Primary production experiments were not conducted during the 2020-2021 nor 2023-2024 field seasons. There was no field season in 2021-2022.
Water column primary production from inorganic carbon uptake for 24h at simulated in situ (SIS) light levels in deck incubators, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1995 – 2023.
Primary Production experiments were led by Vernet from 1995-2008. Schofield is the current lead, beginning in 2009. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Primary production is the uptake of inorganic carbon and assimilation of it into organic matter by phytoplankton. Primary production rates, expressed as mgC per m3 per day were measured by the uptake of radioactive (14C) sodium bicarbonate. Water samples are collected throughout the water column at stations along the Western Antarctica Peninsula at regular PAL-LTER grid stations. Water is put into borosilicate bottles, inoculated with 1 uCi of NaH14CO3 per bottle, and incubated in an outdoor deck incubator. The incubator is plumbed to the ship sea water system to maintain ambient seawater temperature and bottles are screened to in situ light levels. The uptake of 14C-bicarbonate by the phytoplankton was measured in a scintillation counter after a 24-hour incubation period. Data is unavailable for the LMG16-01 cruise due to measurement issues. Data is temporarily unavailable for the LMG20-01 cruise. Primary production experiments were not conducted during the 2022 (NBP21-13) nor 2024 (LMG24-01) cruises. There was no cruise in the austral summer of 2021.
Record of storm events and associated water levels for the Virginia Coast Reserve, 1980-2013
This empirical storm record for the Virginia Coast Reserve was created using a 34-year record of hourly wave hindcast data - including wave height (Hs) and wave period (Tp) - from the USACE's Wave Information Studies buoy offshore Hog Island in the Virginia Coast Reserve (Station 63183, 22 m water depth) and hourly records of water level from the nearest NOAA tide gauge (Station 8631044, Wachapreague, VA). The record includes wave and water level statistics for each event relevant for coastal modeling applications: storm start and end times, duration, total water level, still water level, as well as concurrent tidal amplitude, non-tidal residual, Hs, and Tp. The raw data is processed by first removing the 1 yr running median, which accounts for non-stationarity in wave and water level parameters due to inter-annual and decadal variability while maintaining seasonality. The median of the last 3 years is then applied to the entire time series such that the new time series is representative of the current climate. A year-by-year tidal analysis is performed to obtain the tidal amplitude and non-tidal residual. Lastly, water elevations are calculated following the run-up equations of Stockdon et al. (2006). Storm events are then extracted from the corrected time series by conditioning on Hs: events are identified as periods of 8 or more consecutive hours with deep-water significant wave heights greater than 2.1 m, which is the minimum monthly averaged wave height for periods in which waters levels exceeded the measured average dune toe elevation (1.9 m NAVD88) of barriers in the Virginia Coast Reserve. In total, we identify 282 independent sea-storm events over the 34-year record, resulting in an average of 8.3 events per year. See Reeves et al. (2021; https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092958) and supplementary information therein for complete details of the methodology.
Raw SNR data for Manuscript "GPS Interferometric Reflectometry : Using a Low Cost Antenna to Measure Water Levels"
<p>Raw GPS L1 SNR (and ancillary) data for an experiment to use a low-cost GPS antenna/receiver to measure water levels using the GNSS - Interferometric Reflectometry technique.</p> <p>The data were recorded at the RNLI lifeboat station in Sligo, Ireland (N 54<sup>o </sup>18' 17.8'', W 8<sup>o</sup> 34' 5.4'' ) using a Globalsat BU353S4 USB puck that uses a SirfStar IV receiver with patch antenna (2018 data) and a Maestro A2200A SirfStar IV module (2019 data). Both systems were mounted to a radio mast at around 16m above sea level.</p> <p>The data are stored in daily files with the naming convention sligDDD0.YY.TNR.gz where DDD is the Day of Year and YY is the year in short format (18,19). Each file is gzipped. </p> <p>The files are flat text files with fixed width columns in the following order</p> <p>1) PRN GPS satellite code</p> <p>2) Elevation (degrees)</p> <p>3) Azimuth (degrees)</p> <p>4) Seconds of Day</p> <p>5) change in elevation angle with time (degrees/second) : needed for reflector height change corrections</p> <p>6) Blank</p> <p>7) S1 SNR signal (dB-Hz)</p> <p>8) Blank reserved for S2 SNR signal</p> <p>9) Blank reserved for S5 SNR signal</p>
Data and R-Scripts for "Quality and timing of crowd-based water level class observations"
<p>This are the data and the R-scripts used for the manuscript "Quality and timing of crowd-based water level class observations" accepted for publication in the journal Hydrological Processes in July 2020 as a Scientific Briefing. To run the code, just run the R-script with the name "RunThisForResults.R". Results will be written to the "Figures" and the "Results" folder.</p>
Global reanalysis of riverine water levels at the river mouth
<p>Dataset prepared for manuscript "The effect of surge on riverine flood hazard and impact in deltas globally" (Eilander <em>et al </em>2020)</p> <p>This dataset includes water level data and discharge at 3433 river mouth locations globally, including several components of nearshore still water levels based on a model framework for global compound flood simulations. We usedof runoff from tier 2 of the EartH2Observe (E2O) project (Dutra <em>et al</em> 2017, Schellekens <em>et al</em> 2017) with meteorological forcing from ERA-Interim (Dee <em>et al</em> 2011) and MSWEP v1.2 (Beck <em>et al</em> 2017), surge levels from the Global Tide and Surge Reanalysis (GTSR) based on the GTSM model (Muis <em>et al</em> 2016), and tide levels from the FES2012 model (Carrere <em>et al</em> 2012). These runoff and dynamic sea level (surge and tide) data were used to force the global river routing model CaMa-Flood (Yamazaki <em>et al</em> 2011) to simulate riverine water levels.</p> <p>The accompanying excel file provides an table explaining the data dimensions, variables and metadata.</p>
3-hourly water level records (selected high flow events) for the River Garry at Invergarry (Inverness-shire), Scotland
<p>3-hourly records of stage (water level) for the River Garry at Invergarry (Inverness-shire), Gauge A2, for selected high-flow events 1936-1940. Extracts from a record spanning the period 1936-10-01 to 1944-09-30.</p> <p>Data collected by Capt. W. N. McClean via his organisation River Flow Records and with the assistance of local observers.</p> <p>We acknowledge the sponsorship of Scottish Hydro-Electric and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency in suporting the costs of creating digital time series.</p> <p>Subsequent to the colletion of these records, the River Garry was developed by the construction of dams and hydro power stations below Loch Quoich and Loch Garry.</p> <p>The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) subsequently opened a river flow gauging station on the River Garry at Craigard in 1997, approximately 3 km upstream of McClean's gauge, operated until 2011.</p>
'Subglacial Water Amplifies Antarctic Contributions to Sea-Level Rise' by Chen Zhao et al.
<p>Code and data used to produce figures in "Subglacial Water Amplifies Antarctic Contributions to Sea-Level Rise" by Chen Zhao et al.</p> <p>We are happy to help with anybody with any problems with this code, please get in touch (chen.zhao@utas.edu.au) or raise an issue.</p>
Wastewater Treatment Plant Inflow Rate, Network Water Levels and Rain Rate for Koeln Weiden, Germany
<p>wtp_network_rain.csv contains time series data of measured wastewater treatment plant inflow rates, water levels from multiple locations within the wastewater sewer network and rain rate measured from a rain recorder located at the wastewater treatment plant.</p>
Data: Projecting the Response of Greenland's Peripheral Glaciers to Future Climate Change: Glacier Losses, Sea Level Impact, Freshwater Contributions, and Peak Water Timing
<p>The dataset contains supporting data for the paper submitted to The Cryosphere "Projecting the Response of Greenland's Peripheral Glaciers to Future Climate Change: Glacier Losses, Sea Level Impact, Freshwater Contributions, and Peak Water Timing".<br><br>OGGM_area_projections.nc contains data for Figure 3.<br>OGGM_volume_projections contains data for Figure 4.</p> <p>OGGM_MassLoss_SLR_projections_regions.nc contains data for Figure 5.</p> <p>OGGM_solid_ice_discharge_regions.nc contains data for Figure 6.</p> <p>OGGM_freshwater_runoff_magnitude_composition_timings_projections.nc & OGGM_freshwater_runoff_projections_regions.nc contain data for Figure 7.</p> <p>OGGM_PeakWaterYear_projections_regions.nc contains data for Figure 8.</p>
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