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53 results for “Wildlife conservation”
Media portrayal of the illegal trade in wildlife: The case of turtles in the US and implications for conservation
<p class="MsoNormal">News media framing of instances of illegal wildlife trade provides a window into understanding public perceptions of trade dynamics and potential support for conservation actions. Here, we used 54 known cases of illegal turtle trade in the United States occurring between 1998–2021 as a case study to investigate news media framing of illegal wildlife trade. We synthesized information from these cases and qualitatively analyzed how they were framed in 217 associated news articles. The 54 cases involved the illegal trade of at least 24,000 freshwater turtles of 34 different species; box turtles (<em>Terrapene</em> spp.) were traded the most. Of the known species involved, 23 were listed under one of the CITES Appendices, and 12 were considered threatened by the IUCN. Trade occurred in at least 43 US states and 6 countries. Despite the multifaceted nature of these cases, problem and solution framing was relatively unvarying. Media coverage framed foreign demand, particularly from Asia for high-value pet turtles, as a main driver of illegal trade. Solutions focused on regulations and enforcement which follow global trends in illegal wildlife trade discourses. However, we also found that articles neutralized illegal turtle trade in several ways, reflecting a lack of perceived legitimacy of and necessity for trade rules and enforcement. Without acknowledging longstanding and formerly legal practices in wildlife trading, conservation efforts which focus on regulations and enforcement may be undermined by a lack of normative compliance.</p>
Data from: Tiny patch, big value: A small dry forest patch supports wildlife conservation in Guanacaste, Costa Rica
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Media portrayal of the illegal trade in wildlife: The case of turtles in the US and implications for conservation
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Post-translocation dynamics of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation tool
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Data from: Predicting habitat suitability and connectivity for management and conservation of urban wildlife: A real-time web application for grassland water voles
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Bacterial zoonoses impacts to conservation of wildlife populations: A global synthesis
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Data from: Effects of human-wildlife conflicts on local people’s livelihoods and wildlife conservation in and around Alitash National Park, Northwest Ethiopia
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Miniaturised laboratorial equipment as a solution to implement conservation genetics tools and education in West African countries with limited infrastructures: an application to the study of illegal wildlife trade in Guinea-Bissau
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Livestock guardian dogs establish a landscape of fear for wild predators: implications for the role of guardian dogs in reducing human-wildlife conflict and supporting biodiversity conservation
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Data from: Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation
<p>As urban growth expands and natural environments fragment, it is essential to understand the ecological roles fulfilled by urban green spaces. To evaluate how urban green spaces function as wildlife habitat, we estimated mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in city parks, cemeteries, golf courses, and natural areas throughout the greater Chicago, IL, USA region. We found similar a-diversity (with the exception of city parks), but remarkably dissimilar communities in different urban green spaces. Additionally, the type of urban green space greatly influenced species colonization and persistence rates. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) had the highest, but white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the lowest, probability of persistence in golf courses compared to other green space types. Further, most species had a difficult time colonizing city parks even when sites were seemingly available. Our results indicate that urban green spaces contribute different, but collectively important, habitats for maintaining and conserving biodiversity in cities.</p>
Data from: Testing the prey-trap hypothesis at two wildlife conservancies in Kenya
Protecting an endangered and highly poached species can conflict with providing an open and ecologically connected landscape for coexisting species. In Kenya, about half of the black rhino (Diceros bicornis) live in electrically fenced private conservancies. Purpose-built fence-gaps permit some landscape connectivity for elephant while restricting rhino from escaping. We monitored the usage patterns at these gaps by motion-triggered cameras and found high traffic volumes and predictable patterns of prey movement. The prey-trap hypothesis (PTH) proposes that predators exploit this predictable prey movement. We tested the PTH at two semi-porous reserves using two different methods: a spatial analysis and a temporal analysis. Using spatial analysis, we mapped the location of predation events with GPS and looked for concentration of kill sites near the gaps as well as conducting clustering and hot spot analysis to determine areas of statistically significant predation clustering. Using temporal analysis, we examined the time lapse between the passage of prey and predator and searched for evidence of active prey seeking and/or predator avoidance. We found no support for the PTH and conclude that the design of the fence-gaps is well suited to promoting connectivity in these types of conservancies.
Data from: Finding politically feasible conservation policies: the case of wildlife trafficking
Conservation management is of increasing importance in ecology as most ecosystems nowadays are essentially managed ones. Conservation managers work within a political-ecological system when they develop and attempt to implement a conservation plan that is designed to meet particular conservation goals. In this article, we develop a decision support tool that can identify a conservation policy for a managed wildlife population that is both sustainable and politically feasible. Part of our tool consists of a simulation model composed of interacting influence diagrams. We build, fit, and use our tool on the case of rhino horn trafficking between South Africa and Asia. Using these diagrams, we show how a rhino poacher's belief system can be modified by such a policy and locate it in a perceived risks-benefits space before and after policy implementation. We statistically fit our model to observations on group actions and rhino abundance. We then use this fitted model to compute a politically feasible conservation policy.
Data from: Does wildlife resource selection accurately inform corridor conservation?
Evaluating landscape connectivity and identifying and protecting corridors for animal movement have become central challenges in applied ecology and conservation. Currently, resource selection analyses are widely used to focus corridor planning where animal movement is predicted to occur. An animal's behavioural state (e.g. foraging, dispersing) is a significant determinant of resource selection patterns, yet has largely been ignored in connectivity assessments. We review 16 years of connectivity studies employing resource selection analysis to evaluate how researchers have incorporated animal behaviour into corridor planning, and highlight promising new approaches for identifying wildlife corridors. To illustrate the importance of behavioural information in such analyses, we present an empirical case study to test behaviour-specific predictions of connectivity with long-distance dispersal movements of African wild dogs Lycaon pictus. We conclude by recommending strategies for developing more realistic connectivity models for future conservation efforts. Our review indicates that most connectivity studies conflate resource selection with connectivity requirements, which may result in misleading estimates of landscape resistance, and lack validation of proposed connectivity models with movement data. Our case study shows that including only directed movement behaviour when measuring resource selection reveals markedly different, and more accurate, connectivity estimates than a model measuring resource selection independent of behavioural state. Synthesis and applications. Our results, using African wild dogs as a case study, suggest that resource selection analyses that fail to consider an animal's behavioural state may be insufficient in targeting movement pathways and corridors for protection. This failure may result in misidentification of wildlife corridors and misallocation of limited conservation resources. Our findings underscore the need for considering patterns of animal movement in appropriate behavioural contexts to ensure the effective application of resource selection analyses for corridor planning.
Conflict between Cultural Development and Wildlife Conservation: A Potential Threat to Reeves's Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii)
<p>Dataset for analyses perfomed in the study accepted in Conservation Letters entitled Conflict between Cultural Development and Wildlife Conservation: A Potential Threat to Reeves's Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii).</p>
Data from: Some of supporting data for attitude of respondents towards wildlife conservation
<p>The study was conducted between September 2018 and March 2019 to investigate the nature and extent of human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in the surrounding area of Alage College, the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia and to assess the perception of the local people to wildlife. For data collection, a total of 140 household heads were selected randomly for interviews from nine villages using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Moreover, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and personal observation were carried out to obtain additional information. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test (2 tailed), one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Likert scale statements were used to analyze the data. Based on, 66 (47.1%) of the respondents, households heads, the local people of the area experienced livestock predation leading to HWC. Whereas, (40.7%, n=57) of the respondents perceived both crop damage and livestock predation as a cause of conflict. A total of 932.43 Total Livestock Unit (TLU) of livestock and 218 dogs' losses were reported by households due to predators over the last five years. Thus, the largest numbers of livestock (89.9%) and dogs (100%) attacks was happened due to spotted hyenas. Nearly half of the respondents (49.3%, n = 69) ranked warthogs as the primary crop raiders, while the majority of respondents (82.1%, n = 115) reported maize as a severely damaged cereal crop. More than half, (57.1%, n=80) of respondents used different methods simultaneously to minimize damage caused by wild animals. About half, (48.6%, n=68) of respondents had negative attitude towards wildlife conservation. The level of education and amount of money imposed as a penalty for illegal grazing were affecting the local community's attitudes to wildlife conservation. Using effective methods reduce damage and loss to crop including, improved livestock husbandry, and creating better awareness to the local community could make the locals actor of conservation.</p>
Fig. 3 in Evaluating the principles of wildlife conservation: a case study of wolf (Canis lupus) hunting in Michigan, United States
Fig. 3.—Seasonal occurrence of wolves killing cattle (depredation events) in Michigan, 1996–2012. Note that only 3.8% of depredations occur during the planned hunting season. Source: Michigan Department of Natural Resources (May 2014).
Fig. 2 in Evaluating the principles of wildlife conservation: a case study of wolf (Canis lupus) hunting in Michigan, United States
Fig. 2.—Verified instances of wolves killing cattle (depredations) in Michigan, 1996–2013. The solid line indicates losses from throughout the geographic range of wolves in Michigan, excluding losses that occurred on 1 farm. The dashed line is the additional losses attributable to that 1 farm, where poor animal husbandry likely increased the risk of depredations (see "Characterizing the Problems"). The number of depredations declined considerably just prior to the planning and implementation of Michigan's 1st wolf hunt in 2013. Source: Michigan Department of Natural Resources (May 2014).
Fig. 1 in Evaluating the principles of wildlife conservation: a case study of wolf (Canis lupus) hunting in Michigan, United States
Fig. 1.—Timeline of key political events pertaining to the management of Michigan wolves. The details of each event are given in "Chronology of Political Events." Events above the timeline disfavor wolves and events below the timeline favor wolves. Dashed boxes indicate actions initiated by citizens. Solid boxes indicate actions initiated by the government. Key actors in the timeline are the Michigan Natural Resource Commission (NRC), Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR), and the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). The online version of this figure includes color to indicate which events were associated with the executive branch (green), the courts (black), and each of the particular laws—Public Act (PA) 520 (blue), Senate Bill (SB) 288 and PA 21 (red), and PA 281 (magenta).
Data from: Some of supporting data for attitude of respondents towards wildlife conservation
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Data from: Human–wildlife conflict, benefit sharing and the survival of lions in pastoralist community-based conservancies
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.