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256 results for “Working memory”
Competition between items in working memory leads to forgetting
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Layer-dependent activity in human prefrontal cortex during working memory
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Data for item-method directed forgetting and working memory capacity study
<p>This dataset contains recall data from an item-method directed forgetting paradigm, working memory scores from the operation span (OSpan) and running span (RunSpan) tasks, and event frequencies for the multinomial storage-retrieval model (Riefer & Rouder, 1992).</p> <p>Detailed description of varibales in the dataset are contained in the pdf File "VariableDescriptions_IMDF_WM_AllData.pdf".</p>
Dissociable neuronal substrates of feature attention and working memory
<p>Attention and working memory (WM) are distinct cognitive functions, yet given their close interactions, it is often assumed that they share the same neuronal mechanisms. We show that in macaques performing a WM-guided feature attention task, the activity of most neurons in areas middle temporal (MT), medial superior temporal (MST), lateral intraparietal (LIP), and posterior lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC-p) displays attentional modulation or WM coding, not both. One area thought to play a role in both functions is LPFC-p. To test this, we optogenetically inactivated LPFC-p bilaterally during different task periods. Attention period inactivation reduced attentional modulation in LPFC-p, MST, and LIP neurons, and impaired task performance. In contrast, WM period inactivation did not affect attentional modulation or performance and minimally affected WM coding. Our results suggest that feature attention and WM have dissociable neuronal substrates and that LPFC-p plays a critical role in feature attention but not in WM.</p>
Causal functional maps of brain rhythms in working memory
<p>Results of the meta-modeling of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) studies in working memory. Two files are for theta and gamma maps in MNI brain space. The files accompany the paper "Causal functional maps of brain rhythms in working memory" by Miles Wischnewski*, Taylor A Berger, Alexander Opitz, and Ivan Alekseichuk**. Correspondance: *m.wischnewski@rug.nl or **ialeksei@umn.edu</p> <p> </p>
Cognitive Factors Related to Early Math Skills: Non-Verbal Intelligence, Working Memory and Rapid Naming
<p>An archived dataset of 100 participants in the study "Cognitive Factors Related to Early Math Skills: Non-Verbal Intelligence, Working Memory and Rapid Naming". </p> <p> </p>
Mathematics and numerosity but not visuo-spatial working memory correlate with math-anxiety in adults
<p>Data in "Database" are organized in subfolders. Each subfolder contains data of the corresponding task.</p> <p>Data from the Paper&Pencil tests are reported in the .xlsx file</p> <p> </p> <p>Numerosity Estimation Task:</p> <p>Each file contains a matrix called “matr”. Each row of the matrix “matr” is a trial. </p> <p>The columns contain the following information:</p> <ul> <li>1<sup>st</sup>: Subject response on numerosity </li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup>: Test numerosity</li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup>: Subject response on numerosity </li> <li>4<sup>th</sup>: 0 </li> <li>5<sup>th</sup>: Stimulus duration</li> <li>6<sup>th</sup>: Response time</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>Simple Calculation Task:</p> <p>Each file contains a matrix called “MATR”. Each row of the matrix “MATR” is a trial. </p> <p>The columns contain the following information:</p> <ul> <li>1<sup>st</sup>: Number of trials </li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup>: Subject response</li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup>: Response time </li> <li>4<sup>th</sup>: First digit</li> <li>5<sup>th</sup>: mathematical symbols (x=1; +=2; –=3)</li> <li>6<sup>th</sup>: Second digit</li> <li>7<sup>th</sup>: Third digit</li> <li>8<sup>th</sup>: Forth digit</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>Complex Calculation Task:</p> <p>Each file contains a matrix called “MATR”. Each row of the matrix “MATR” is a trial. </p> <p>The columns contain the following information:</p> <ul> <li>1<sup>st</sup>: Number of trials </li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup>: Subject response</li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup>: Response time </li> <li>4<sup>th</sup>: First digit</li> <li>5<sup>th</sup>: mathematical symbols (x=1; +=2; –=3; /=4)</li> <li>6<sup>th</sup>: Second digit</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>VSWM Task:</p> <p>Data from forward and backward conditions are located in two different subfolders.</p> <p>Each file contains a matrix called “Span”, with the corresponding VSWM span.</p> <p> </p> <p>For more details, please contact the first author. </p>
Age-specific activation patterns and inter-subject similarity during verbal working-memory maintenance and Cognitive Reserve
<p>Cognitive Reserve, according to a recent consensus definition of the NIH-funded Reserve and Resilience collaboratory (<a href="https://reserveandresilience.com/">https://reserveandresilience.com/</a>), is constituted by any mechanism contributing to cognitive performance beyond, or interacting with, brain structure in the widest sense. To identity multivariate activation patterns fulfilling this postulate, we investigated a verbal Sternberg fMRI task and imaged 181 people with age coverage in the ranges 20-30 (44 participants) and 55-70 (137 participants). Beyond task performance, participants were characterized in terms of demographics, and neuropsychological assessments of vocabulary, episodic memory, perceptual speed, and abstract fluid reasoning. Participants studied an array of either 1, 3, or 6 upper-case letters for 3 seconds (=encoding phase), then a blank fixation screen was presented for 7 seconds (=maintenance phase), to be probed with a lower-case letter to which they responded with a differential button press whether the letter was part of the studied array or not (=retrieval phase). We focused on identifying maintenance-related activation patterns showing memory-load increases in pattern score on an individual-participant level for both age groups. We found such a pattern that increased with memory load for all but one person in the young participants (p<0.001), and such a pattern for all participants in the older group (p<0.001). Both patterns showed broad topographic similarities; however, relationships to task performance and neuropsychological characteristics were markedly different and point to individual differences in Cognitive Reserve. Beyond the derivation of group-level activation patterns, we also investigated the inter-subject spatial similarity of individual working-memory rehearsal patterns in the older participants' group as a function of neuropsychological and task performance, education and mean cortical thickness. Higher task accuracy and neuropsychological function was reliably associated with higher inter-subject similarity of individual-level activation patterns in older participants.</p>
Dataset for the study "Changes in audio-spatial working memory abilities during childhood: The role of spatial and phonological development"
<p>Working memory is a cognitive system devoted to storage and retrieval processing of information.<br> Numerous studies on the development of working memory have investigated the<br> processing of visuo-spatial and verbal non-spatialized information; however, little is known<br> regarding the refinement of acoustic spatial and memory abilities across development.<br> Here, we hypothesize that audio-spatial memory skills improve over development, due to<br> strengthening spatial and cognitive skills such as semantic elaboration. We asked children<br> aged 6 to 11 years old (n = 55) to pair spatialized animal calls with the corresponding animal<br> spoken name. Spatialized sounds were emitted from an audio-haptic device, haptically<br> explored by children with the dominant hand’s index finger. Children younger than 8<br> anchored their exploration strategy on previously discovered sounds instead of holding this<br> information in working memory and performed worse than older peers when asked to pair<br> the spoken word with the corresponding animal call. In line with our hypothesis, these findings<br> demonstrate that age-related improvements in spatial exploration and verbal coding<br> memorization strategies affect how children learn and memorize items belonging to a complex<br> acoustic spatial layout. Similar to vision, audio-spatial memory abilities strongly depend<br> on cognitive development in early years of life.</p> <p>Data in the file are divided into six sheets based on the age of the participants and the experimental condition, either call-call or call-name. Each sheet contains six columns: Participant ID, age and gender are the first three. The last three columns instead refer to the test parameters: the number of attempts, the audio-anchor and the score. In details, the number of attempts indicates the number of trials needed to pair the sounds. The audio-anchor provides a measurement of the exploration strategy. It accounts for how many consecutive attempts the child begins by touching the same speaker while the score takes into account the frequency of touches on the same speakers: the more the participant returns on the same stimulus location, the lower the score.</p>
Gait behavioral and neuromuscular characterization in response to increasing working memory load while walking under optic flow perturbations in young adults
<p>The precise role of cognitive control on optic flow processing during locomotion has rarely been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether coping with unreliable visual inputs during walking requires attentional resources. Twenty-four healthy young adults walked on an instrumented treadmill in a virtual environment under two optic flow conditions: normal (NOF) and perturbed (POF, continuous mediolateral pseudo-random oscillations). Each condition was performed under single-task and dual-task conditions of increasing difficulty (1-, 2-, 3-back). In all conditions, subjective mental workload was estimated (raw NASA-TLX). For kinematic variables, mean, standard deviation, statistical persistence and step-to-step error correction were computed from gait time series in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions. For EMG variables of soleus and gluteus medius, the full width at half maximum and the variance ratio were calculated. Performance on N-back tasks was assessed using mean reaction time and d-prime. Cognitive performance was not affected by simultaneous walking in any optic flow condition. Gait variability was altered under POF compared to NOF, so that young adults sought to counteract those perturbations by adopting an effortful gait control strategy, independently of concurrent working memory (WM) load. Increasing WM load led changes first at the neuromuscular level, then at the behavioral level, with a prioritization of gait control in the mediolateral direction. Interestingly, dual-tasking lowered the effects of POF but in the anteroposterior direction only. These findings and their theoretical implications provide valuable insight into the complex interaction effects of cognitive and visual constraints on gait control during treadmill walking.</p>
Dataset for "Distinguishing between temporary and permanent removal in verbal working memory"
<p><strong>Dataset for “Distinguishing between temporary and permanent removal in verbal working memory”</strong></p> <p><strong>Manuscript's abstract</strong></p> <p>We employed the retro-cue paradigm to examine performance improvements resulting from permanent versus temporary removal in verbal working memory. Permanent removal entails discarding a subset of WM representations marked as definitively irrelevant, while temporary removal involves momentarily setting aside the uncued subset of representations from the attentional focus, preserving accessibility for later refocusing. We observed that permanent and temporary removal led to marked progressive reductions in reaction time and errors across cue-target intervals (200, 400, 800, and 1600 ms), reflecting the gradual simplification of the search set following informative cues. Although removal conditions did not differ in accuracy, responses were slower in the temporary removal condition, especially at the longest interval. A key finding was that performance in the temporary removal condition, but not in the permanent removal condition, was modulated by the presentation order of the target's memory set. This order effect was also observed in a non-removal control condition where double retro-cues marked all presented information as relevant. We suggest that these order effects depend on maintaining the integrity of the retrieval structure (all the contextual cues) needed to guide attentional access to specific representations, including those provisionally set aside in the temporary removal condition. In conclusion, the primary distinction between permanent and temporary removal processes is that permanent removal simplifies the retrieval structure by eliminating unnecessary contextual cues, resulting in a greater reduction in the complexity of the search set compared to temporary removal.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset description</strong></p> <p>FILES: one_row_per_trial.csv, one_row_per_trial.xlsx</p> <p>Column 1: participant_id (from 1 to 56).<br>Column 2: participant_sex (0 = female; 1 = male; 2 = other).<br>Column 3: participant_age (in years).<br>Column 4: frame_1_locus (the location of the presentation frame where the first set is presented; up: above the fixation cross; down: below the fixation cross).<br>Column 5: trial_number (from 17 to 64, block 1; from 81 to 128, block 2; from 145 to 192, block 3; from 209 to 256, block 4. The 16 missing trials preceding each block were practice trials).<br>Column 6: condition (c1 = permanent removal; c2 = temporary removal; c3 = control-2; c4 = control-4)<br>Column 7: cue_target_interval (i1 = 200 ms; i2 = 400 ms; i3 = 800 ms; i4 = 1600 ms).<br>Column 7: presentation_frame (f1 = presentation frame 1 = the target belonged to the set presented first; f2 = presentation frame 2 = the target belonged to the set presented second).<br>Column 8: rt1 (reaction time; 0 = no response within the 1200-ms response window) <br>Column 9: acc1 (accuracy; 1 = correct response; 0 = incorrect response or no response within the response window)<br>Column 10: rt2 (reaction time in the second response of the temporary removal condition; reaction time; 0 = no response within the 1200-ms response window).<br>Column 11: acc2 (accuracy in the second response of the temporary removal condition; 1 = correct response; 0 = incorrect response or no response within the response window).</p>
Data: Optimal trans-saccadic integration relies on visual working memory
<p>Dataset for the published paper: </p> <p>Stewart, E. E. M., & Schütz, A. C. (2018). Optimal Trans-saccadic integration relies on visual working memory. <em>Vision research</em>.</p> <p>DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2018.10.002">10.1016/j.visres.2018.10.002</a></p>
raw and preprocessed data included to the paper "Striatum-projecting prefrontal cortex neurons support working memory maintenance"
<p>This Dataset includes matlab variables containing all raw and preprocessed data</p><p>1) fiber photometry experiments (GCaMP and GFP)</p><p>2) miniscope experiments</p><p>3) optogenetics experiments</p><p>4) DLC video analysis for photometry recording, optogenetic inhibition ArchT, optogenetic activation ChR2, optogenetic activation ChR2 + MK801, control experiments for optogenetic inhibition and activation</p><p>5) Source Data Files for all main and supplementary Figures</p><p> </p><p> collected for the paper</p><p> </p><p><strong>"Striatum-projecting prefrontal cortex neurons support working memory maintenance"</strong></p><p>Maria Wilhelm1,2,6, Yaroslav Sych1,7, Aleksejs Fomins1,2, José Luis Alatorre Warren1,8, Christopher Lewis1, Laia Serratosa Capdevila1, Roman Boehringer3, Elizabeth A. Amadei3, Benjamin Grewe2,3,4, Eoin C. O'Connor5, Benjamin J. Hall5,9, Fritjof Helmchen1,2,4*</p><p>1Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.</p><p>2Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. </p><p>3Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. </p><p>4University Research Priority Program (URPP) Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland</p><p>5Neuroscience & Rare Diseases, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.</p><p>6Present address: Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. </p><p>7Present address: Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</p><p>8Present address: Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, University of Oslo, Oslo 0317, Norway.</p><p>9Present address: Circuit Biology Department, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark.</p><p>These authors contributed equally: Maria Wilhelm, Yaroslav Sych</p><p>*email: <a href="mailto:helmchen@hifo.uzh.ch">helmchen@hifo.uzh.ch</a></p>
Hearing Aid Processing and Working Memory in Realistic Spatial Conditions
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04521166. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Engaging Working Memory and Distress Tolerance to Aid Smoking Cessation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03565497. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Oscillatory Contributions to Working Memory and Attention
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03787134. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Study to Evaluate Armodafinil Treatment in Improving Prefrontal Cortical Activation and Working Memory Performance
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00711516. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Individualized Closed Loop TMS for Working Memory Enhancement
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04402294. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Evaluation of Cogmed Working Memory Training for Adult Hearing Aid Users
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01892007. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Effects of Ketamine and Guanfacine on Working Memory in Healthy Subjects
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01600885. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 26.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.