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321 results for “Xenopus”
Electrophysiological data from five species of Xenopus
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Data from: Lower jaw modularity in the African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) and Fire Salamander (Salamandra salamandra gigliolii)
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Data for: New insights into Xenopus sex chromosome genomics from the Marsabit clawed frog, X. borealis
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Thyroid hormone induces DNA demethylation in Xenopus tadpole brain
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Data from: Land cover, individual’s age and spatial sorting shape landscape resistance in the invasive frog Xenopus laevis
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Data from: Marcks and Marcks-like 1 proteins promote spinal cord development and regeneration in Xenopus
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Data from: Analyses Xenopus laevis mast cells, neutrophils, and mast cell-enriched, chytrid infected skin
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Data from: Persistence of an unusual triple sex chromosome system through allopolyploidization in African clawed frogs (<em>Xenopus</em>, subgenus <em>Silurana</em>)
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Data from: Pan-African phylogeography of a model organism, the African clawed frog "Xenopus laevis"
The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis has a large native distribution over much of sub-Saharan Africa and is a model organism for research, a proposed disease vector, and an invasive species. Despite its prominent role in research and abundance in nature, surprisingly little is known about the phylogeography and evolutionary history of this group. Here we report an analysis of molecular variation of this clade based on 17 loci (one mitochondrial, 16 nuclear) in up to 159 individuals sampled throughout its native distribution. Phylogenetic relationships among mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were incongruent with those among alleles of the putatively female-specific sex-determining gene DM-W, in contrast to the expectation of strict matrilineal inheritance of both loci. Population structure and evolutionarily diverged lineages were evidenced by analyses of molecular variation in these data. These results further contextualize the chronology, and evolutionary relationships within this group, support the recognition of X. laevis sensu stricto, X. petersii, X. victorianus, and herein re-validated X. poweri as separate species. We also propose that portions of the currently recognized distributions of X. laevis (north of the Congo Basin) and X. petersii (south of the Congo Basin) be reassigned to X. poweri.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of clawed frog (genus Xenopus) from the Itombwe Massif, Democratic Republic of the Congo: implications for DNA barcodes and biodiversity conservation.
FIGURE 4. Evolutionary relationships of (A) combined data from two tightly linked nuclear loci (RAG1 and RAG2) and (B) mitochondrial DNA illustrate a divergent but sister relationship of X. itombwensis and X. wittei. Nuclear loci but not mitochondrial loci illustrate a close relationship between (X. itombwensis + X. wittei) to half of the allopolyploid genome of X. vestitus. For clarity most posterior probabilities are omitted because they are similar or identical to those found elsewhere (Evans 2007; Evans et al. 2004). However, with reference to X. itombwensis, in (A and B) the red clades have over 95% posterior probability and the blue clade has over 80% posterior probability. (C) A species phylogeny illustrating bifurcating and reticulating evolutionary relationships in clawed frogs. The most recent common ancestor of X. wittei and X. itombwensis evolved through allopolyploidization of two tetraploid species. The number of chromosomes in each species is indicated in parentheses after each species name. (A) and (C) are modified from (Evans 2007).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of clawed frog (genus Xenopus) from the Itombwe Massif, Democratic Republic of the Congo: implications for DNA barcodes and biodiversity conservation.
FIGURE 3. Male advertisement vocalization of (A) X. wittei, (B) X. vestitus, and (C) X. itombwensis. The slow trill portion of the X. itombwensis call (beginning at about 400 milliseconds) is a unique feature within the "vestitus-wittei" group.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of clawed frog (genus Xenopus) from the Itombwe Massif, Democratic Republic of the Congo: implications for DNA barcodes and biodiversity conservation.
FIGURE 2. Type specimen and variation of X. itombwensis. (A) Holotype specimen MCZ A-138192 (field number BJE 0275), (B) Paratype MCZ A-138193 (field no. BJE 0276), and (C) a live unvouchered male individual. Arrows indicate dorsal spots that are not found in X. wittei. Scale bars are 5 mm. Photo credit for B: Jon Woodward.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of clawed frog (genus Xenopus) from the Itombwe Massif, Democratic Republic of the Congo: implications for DNA barcodes and biodiversity conservation.
FIGURE 1. Distribution of selected Xenopus species with small geographic ranges. Numbered boxes indicate areas of interest. These include (1) the volcanic highlands of Cameroon (X. longipes, X. amieti), (2) lowland fynbos biome of South Africa (X. gilli), (3) the Albertine Rift highlands of the Eastern DRC, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi (X. vestitus, X. wittei, X. ruwenzoriensis), (4) the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia (X. largeni), and (5) the Itombwe Massif, South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (X. itombwensis). The right side indicates the location of the Itombwe Massif Conservation Landscape and the location of Miki, the type locality of X. itombwensis. (Image modified from the Wildlife Conservation Society.)
Somitic mesoderm morphogenesis is necessary for neural tube closure during Xenopus development
<p>Data generated during the implementation of the MSCA infividual fellowship project 101038073.</p>
Figure 3 in Quantification of underwater calling and foraging activities in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis
Figure 3. Effects of moonlight intensity, along with lunar cycle, on A) Vocal activity, B) Foraging activity as estimated as the number of animals captured in food baited traps and C) sex ratio of captures (number of males/ total number of individuals), with points for observed values, and 95% confidence interval around the mean estimated from the best model.
Figure 2 in Quantification of underwater calling and foraging activities in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis
Figure 2. Variations of A) Vocal activity, B) Foraging activity as estimated as the number of animals captured in food baited traps and C) sex ratio of captures (number of males/ total number of individuals), during the study period, according to date and lunar cycle with points for observed values, and 95% confidence interval around the mean estimated from the best model.
Data from: Sequential turnovers of sex chromosomes in African clawed frogs (Xenopus) suggest some genomic regions are good at sex determination
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Data from: Genetics, morphology, advertisement calls, and historical records distinguish six new polyploid species of African clawed frog (Xenopus, Pipidae) from West and Central Africa
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Data from: The Rift Valley is a major barrier to dispersal of African clawed frogs (Xenopus) in Ethiopia
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Data from: Pan-African phylogeography of a model organism, the African clawed frog “Xenopus laevis”
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