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66 results for “adaptive behaviour”
F in Behavioural and morphological adaptations for a low-quality resource in semi-arid environments: dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) associated with the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)
F 6–9. Epipharynx of (6) Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) latigena d'Orbigny (150×) and (7) O. (Parentius) emarginatus Mulsant (170×), rabbit-pellet consumers, and (8) O. (Palaeonthophagus) fracticornis (Preyssler) (120×) and (9) O. (Onthophagus) taurus (Schreber) (130×), fresh-dung consumers. acr, acroparia; zg, zygum.
F in Behavioural and morphological adaptations for a low-quality resource in semi-arid environments: dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) associated with the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)
F 10–13. Epipharynx of (10) Aphodius (Ammoecius) elevatus (Olivier) (140×) and (11) A. (Anomius) baeticus Mulsant and Rey (160×), rabbit-pellet consumers, and (12) A. (Otophorus) haemorrhoidalis (L.) (400×) and (13) A. (Eudolus) quadriguttatus (Herbst) (350×), fresh-dung consumers. co, corypha; epz, epizygum.
F in Behavioural and morphological adaptations for a low-quality resource in semi-arid environments: dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) associated with the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)
F 2–5. Hypopharynx and mandibles of (2, 3) Thorectes intermedius (Costa) (170×), a rabbit-pellet consumer and (4, 5) Geotrupes stercorarius (L.) (80×), a fresh-dung consumer. m, molar area; pgl, paraglossa; r, retinaculum; sa, scissorial area.
F in Behavioural and morphological adaptations for a low-quality resource in semi-arid environments: dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) associated with the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)
F. 1. Scheme of breeding patterns of the dung beetle community associated with the European rabbit. Drawings after Brussaard (1983), Klemperer and Lumaret (1985) and our results.
Data from: No evidence for behavioural adaptations to nematode parasitism by the fly Drosophila putrida
Behavioural adaptations of hosts to their parasites form an important component of the evolutionary dynamics of host–parasite interactions. As mushroom-feeding Drosophila can tolerate deadly mycotoxins, but their Howardula nematode parasites cannot, we asked how consuming the potent mycotoxin α-amanitin has affected this host–parasite interaction. We used the fly D. putrida and its parasite H. aoronymphium, which is both highly virulent and at high prevalence in some populations, and investigated whether adult flies utilize food with toxin to prevent infection in the next generation or consume the toxin to reduce the virulence of an already established infection. First, we found that uninfected females did not prefer to eat or lay their eggs on toxic food, indicating that selection has not acted on the flies to alter their behaviour towards α-amanitin to prevent their offspring from becoming infected by Howardula. However, we cannot rule out that flies use an alternate cue that is associated with toxin presence in the wild. Second, we found that infected females did not prefer to eat food with α-amanitin and that consuming α-amanitin did not cure or reduce the virulence of the parasite in adults that were already infected. In sum, our results indicate there are no direct effects of eating α-amanitin on this host–parasite interaction, and we suggest that toxin tolerance is more likely maintained by selection due to competition for resources than as a mechanism to avoid parasite infection or to reduce the virulence of infection.
Figure 2 in Do caterpillars of Dryas iulia alcionea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) show evidence of adaptive behaviour to avoid predation by ants?
Figure 2. Behaviour and disappearance of larvae of Dryas iulia alcionea after resting site removal (fifth instars do not build resting sites, so they were removed from the leaves for only a few seconds). The bars represent the frequency, for each instar, for the two responses found (reconstruction, white bars; no reconstruction, striped bars). Black bars represent caterpillars that disappeared after the beginning of treatment. Ntotal5382 larvae.
Distinct type II opsins in the eye decode light properties for background adaptation and behavioural background preference
<p>Crypsis increases survival by reducing predator detection. <i>Xenopus laevis</i> tadpoles decode light properties from the substrate to induce two responses: A cryptic coloration response where dorsal skin pigmentation is adjusted to the colour of the substrate (background adaptation) and a behavioural crypsis where organisms move to align with a specific colour surface (background preference). Both processes require organisms to detect reflected light from the substrate. We explored the relationship between background adaptation and preference and the light properties able to trigger both responses. We also analysed which retinal photosensor (type II opsin) is involved. Our results showed that these two processes are segregated mechanistically, as there is no correlation between the preference for a specific background with the level of skin pigmentation, and different dorsal retina-localized type II opsins appear to underlie the two crypsis modes. Indeed, inhibition of melanopsin affects background adaptation but not background preference. Instead, we propose pinopsin is the photosensor involved in background preference. <i>pinopsin</i> mRNA is co-expressed with mRNA for the <i>sws1</i> cone photopigment in dorsally-located photoreceptors. Importantly, the developmental onset of pinopsin expression aligns with the emergence of the preference for a white background, but after the background adaptation phenotype appears. Furthermore, white background preference of tadpoles is associated with increased <i>pinopsin</i> expression, a feature that is lost in pre-metamorphic froglets along with a preference for a white background. Thus, our data show a mechanistic dissociation between background adaptation and background preference, and we suggest melanopsin and pinopsin, respectively, initiate the two responses.</p>
Adapted Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Food Addiction
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04666831. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 24.
Cultural Adaptation, Validation, and Evaluation of the Programme for Promotion of Healthy Affective-Sexual Behaviours in Adolescents (IYG)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07208045. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 20.
Culturally Adapted Play-Based Behavioural Intervention for Autism
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06859541. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Italian Adaptation and Validation of Functional and Behavioural Scales for Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06701630. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Efficacy of a Culturally Adapted Cognitive Behavioural Internet-delivered Treatment for Depression
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03062215. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
Data from: Candidate gene polymorphisms for behavioural adaptations during urbanization in blackbirds
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Data from: Haplotype structure, adaptive history and associations with exploratory behaviour of the DRD4 gene region in four great tit (Parus major) populations
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Distinct type II opsins in the eye decode light properties for background adaptation and behavioural background preference
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Data from: No evidence for behavioural adaptations to nematode parasitism by the fly Drosophila putrida
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Data from: Evolution of mating behaviour between two populations adapting to common environmental conditions
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Data from: Behavioural and physiological adaptations to low-temperature environments in the common frog, Rana temporaria
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Data from: Evolutionary online behaviour learning and adaptation in real robots
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Data from: Adaptive developmental plasticity in rhesus macaques: the serotonin transporter gene interacts with maternal care to affect juvenile social behaviour
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.