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1,042 results for “astrocyte”
Data from: HIF prolyl hydroxylase 2/3 deletion disrupts astrocytic integrity and exacerbates neuroinflammation
<p><span>Astrocytes constitute the parenchymal border of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), modulate the exchange of soluble and cellular elements, and are essential for neuronal metabolic support. Thus, astrocytes critically influence neuronal network integrity. In hypoxia, astrocytes upregulate a transcriptional program that has been shown to boost neuroprotection in several models of neurological diseases. We investigated transgenic mice with astrocyte-specific activation of the hypoxia-response program by deleting the oxygen sensors, HIF prolyl-hydroxylase domains 2 and 3 (Phd2/3). We induced Phd2/3 deletion in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in a therapeutic approach that led to an exacerbation of the disease mediated by massive immune cell infiltration. We found that Phd2/3-ko astrocytes, though expressing a neuroprotective signature, exhibited a gradual loss of gap-junctional Connexin-43 (Cx43), which was induced by vascular endothelial growth factor-alpha (Vegf-a) expression. These results provide mechanistic insights into astrocyte biology, their critical role in hypoxic states, and in chronic inflammatory CNS diseases.</span></p>
Association Between Change in The Peripheral Biomarkers of Inflammation, Astrocyte Activation, and Neuroprotection at One Week of Critical Illness and Hospital Mortality in Patients with Delirium: A Prospective Cohort Study
<p>Dataset for the following publication: Association Between Change in The Peripheral Biomarkers of Inflammation, Astrocyte Activation, and Neuroprotection at One Week of Critical Illness and Hospital Mortality in Patients with Delirium: A Prospective Cohort Study</p>
Glioblastoma-astrocytes coculture data
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Data from: Selective removal of astrocytic PERK protects against glymphatic impairment and decreases toxic aggregation of β-amyloid and tau
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Data from: HIF prolyl hydroxylase 2/3 deletion disrupts astrocytic integrity and exacerbates neuroinflammation
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Astrocytic PERK deficiency drives prefrontal circuit dysfunction and depressive-like behaviors
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Norepinephrine links astrocytic activity to regulation of cortical state
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Activation of astrocytes in hippocampus decreases fear memory through adenosine A1 receptors
<p>Astrocytes respond to and regulate neuronal activity, yet their role in mammalian behavior remains incompletely understood. Especially unclear is whether, and if so how, astrocyte activity regulates contextual fear memory, the dysregulation of which leads to pathological fear-related disorders. We generated <i>GFAP-ChR2-EYFP</i> rats to allow the specific activation of astrocytes in vivo by optogenetics. We found that after memory acquisition within a temporal window, astrocyte activation disrupted memory consolidation and persistently decreased contextual but not cued fear memory accompanied by reduced fear-related anxiety behavior. In vivo microdialysis experiments showed astrocyte photoactivation increased extracellular ATP and adenosine concentrations. Intracerebral blockade of adenosine A<sub>1</sub> receptors (A<sub>1</sub>Rs) reversed the attenuation of fear memory. Furthermore, intracerebral or intraperitoneal injection of A<sub>1</sub>R agonist mimicked the effects of astrocyte activation. Therefore, our findings provide a deeper understanding of the astrocyte-mediated regulation of fear memory, and suggest a new and important therapeutic strategy against pathological fear-related disorders.</p>
the supplemental data of 'The frequency-dependent effect of electrical fields on the mobility of intracellular vesicles in astrocytes'
<p>This data set is the supplemental data of the manuscript ‘The frequency-dependent effect of electrical fields on the mobility of intracellular vesicles in astrocytes’. Due to the size limitation of online storage, this data set contains partial data collected in this work, which consists of one experiment per condition. The full data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.</p>
Pathogenic LRRK2 control of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling in neurons and astrocytes of mouse brain
<p>Previously, we showed that cholinergic interneurons of the dorsal striatum lose cilia in mice harboring the Parkinson's disease associated, kinase activating, R1441C LRRK2 mutation (<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.02.433576v1#ref-8">Dhekne et al., 2018</a>). Here we show that this phenotype is also seen in two mouse strains carrying the most common human G2019S LRRK2 mutation. Heterozygous loss of the PPM1H phosphatase that is specific for LRRK2-phosphorylated Rab GTPases (<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.02.433576v1#ref-3">Berndsen et al., 2019</a>) yields the same cilia loss phenotype, strongly supporting a connection between Rab GTPase phosphorylation and cilia loss. In addition, astrocytes throughout the striatum show a ciliation defect in LRRK2 and PPM1H<sup>-/+</sup> mutant models. Hedgehog signaling requires cilia, and loss of cilia correlates here with a loss in induction of Hedgehog signaling as monitored by in situ hybridization of <em>Gli1</em> transcripts. These data support a model in which LRRK2 and PPM1H mutant mice struggle to receive and respond to critical Hedgehog signals in the nigral-striatal pathway.</p>
Supplemental material: Astrocyte biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Objective:</b> To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether fluid and imaging astrocyte biomarkers are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Methods:</b> PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for articles reporting fluid or imaging astrocyte biomarkers in AD. Pooled effect sizes were determined with mean differences (SMD) using the Hedge's G method with random-effects to determine biomarker performance. Adapted questions from QUADAS-2 were applied for quality assessment. A protocol for this study has been previously registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020192304).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results:</b> The initial search identified 1,425 articles. After exclusion criteria were applied, 33 articles (a total of 3,204 individuals) measuring levels of GFAP, S100B, YKL-40 and AQP4 in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as MAO-B, indexed by positron emission tomography <sup>11</sup>C-deuterium-L-deprenyl ([<sup>11</sup>C]-DED), were included. GFAP (SMD = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.71-1.18) and YKL-40 (SMD = 0.76; CI 95% = 0.63-0.89) levels in the CSF, S100B levels in the blood (SMD = 2.91; CI 95% = 1.01-4.8) were found significantly increased in AD patients. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Conclusions:</b> Despite significant progress, applications of astrocyte biomarkers in AD remain in their early days. The meta-analysis demonstrated that astrocyte biomarkers are consistently altered in AD and supports further investigation for their inclusion in the AD clinical research framework for observational and interventional studies.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from "GEARBOCS: An Adeno Associated Virus Tool for In Vivo Gene Editing in Astrocytes"
<p>Data from "GEARBOCS: An Adeno Associated Virus Tool for In Vivo Gene Editing in Astrocytes". Folders contain data corresponding to each figure. Additional readme files are included with each figure folder to explain the data contained there.</p>
Single cell deletion of the transcription factors Trps1 and Sox9 reveals novel functions in adult cortical astrocytes
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A Study to Evaluate Transplantation of Astrocytes Derived From Human Embryonic Stem Cells, in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03482050. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
First-in-Human Evaluation of an Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter (EAAT2) PET Tracer in Dementia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05374278. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Evaluation of ex Vivo Drug Combination Optimization Platform in Recurrent High Grade Astrocytic Glioma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05532397. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Supplemental material: Astrocyte biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Pathogenic LRRK2 control of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling in neurons and astrocytes of mouse brain
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Activation of astrocytes in hippocampus decreases fear memory through adenosine A1 receptors
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Cortical astrocytes independently regulate sleep depth and duration via separate GPCR pathways
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.