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64 results for “behavioural plasticity”

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dryad32/100

Data from: Parasite-induced plasticity in host social behaviour depends on sex and susceptibility

Understanding the effects of parasites on host behaviour, of host behaviour on parasite infection, and the reciprocal interactions between these processes is vital to improving our understanding of animal behaviour and disease dynamics. However, behaviour and parasite infection are both highly variable within and between individual hosts, and how this variation affects behaviour-parasite feedbacks is poorly understood. For example, it is unclear how an individual's behaviour before infection might change once it becomes infected, or as the infection progresses, and how these changes depend on the host's parasite susceptibility. Here, using the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, and a directly-transmitted ectoparasite, Gyrodactylus turnbulli, I show that parasite-induced behavioural plasticity depends on host sex and susceptibility. Among females, time spent shoaling ('sociality'), a behaviour that increases parasite transmission, did not depend on infection status (infected/not) or susceptibility. By contrast, male sociality in the absence of infection was negatively correlated with susceptibility, suggesting the most susceptible males use behaviour to avoid infection. However, in late infection when parasite transmission is most likely, male sociality and susceptibility became positively correlated, suggesting susceptible males modify their behaviour upon infection potentially to increase transmission and mating opportunities. I discuss the implications of these patterns for disease dynamics.

opencc-zeroNov 2019View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Plasticity of thermoregulatory behaviour in response to the thermal environment by widespread and alpine reptile species

Phenotypic plasticity plays a central role in determining how organisms respond to environmental change over short timescales. Despite this, we know little about how phenotypic plasticity varies between populations or species. We tested the extent of plasticity in basking behaviour in low- and high-altitude populations of two widespread lowland and two highland species of a cool-climate lizard genus: Niveoscincus. We found evidence of divergence in basking behaviour between populations and species, with highland species and high-altitude populations of all species basking more than the widespread lowland species and low-altitude populations. Furthermore, we found differences in the extent of behavioural plasticity between species. Widespread lowland species altered their basking behaviour depending on basking opportunity whereas the highland species maintained high levels of basking independent of basking opportunity. These differences in basking behaviour were concordant with the differences in body temperature across all populations, species and treatments. Combined, this suggests that divergence in thermoregulatory behaviour and thermophysiology between populations and species may have been facilitated by adaptive behavioural plasticity within populations. We discuss this and the implications of our findings for the ability of these animals to cope with ongoing climate change.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

zenodo32/100

Figure 3 in A phylogeographical framework for Zhangixalus gliding frogs, with insight on their plasticity of nesting behaviour

Figure 3. Phylogeography of Zhangixalus, part II. For clarity, distributions are mapped separately for two sets of lineages. Stars indicate the known type localities of currently recognized species. Undescribed lineages are labelled as 'cf.', except for Zhangixalus arboreus, for which the labels provided by Matsui et al. (2019) are used. No accurate geographical information exists for the lineage Zhangixalus cf. dorsoviridis 2 (given as 'China'; see Supporting Information, Appendix S1).

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

zenodo32/100

Figure 1 in A phylogeographical framework for Zhangixalus gliding frogs, with insight on their plasticity of nesting behaviour

Figure 1. Time-calibrated phylogeny of Zhangixalus lineages, based on ~4 kb of mitochondrial sequences. Node sizes and darkness are proportional to branch support. Lineages are coloured according to their geographical regions. Undescribed lineages are labelled as 'cf.', except for Zhangixalus schlegelii and Zhangixalus arboreus, for which the labels provided by Matsui et al. (2019) are used. The bar graph shows the number of splitting events in the timetree in windows of 1 Myr, overlaid by the evolution of temperatures (as given by δ 18O) on Earth (red curve, adapted from Zachos et al., 2008). Photograph: Zhangixalus chenfui (S.N.L.).

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

zenodo32/100

Figure 2 in A phylogeographical framework for Zhangixalus gliding frogs, with insight on their plasticity of nesting behaviour

Figure 2. Phylogeography of Zhangixalus, part I. For clarity, distributions are mapped separately for three sets of lineages. Stars indicate the known type localities of currently recognized species. Undescribed lineages are labelled as 'cf.', except for Zhangixalus schlegelii, for which the labels provided by Matsui et al. (2019) are used.

opennotspecifiedOct 2021View details →

dryad32/100