Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
179
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
179 results for “biocontrol”
An experimental application of Hypena opulenta as a biocontrol agent for the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum
<p>1. Pre-release testing for biological control agents is focused primarily on assessment of host-range specificity and safety of potential agents. Agent impact is considered pre-release, however the ultimate assessment of an agent must occur following release in the field under the target population levels and conditions of the invaded ecosystems. The invasive Eurasian vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, has spread aggressively through its invaded range of eastern North America since its initial introduction in the late 1800's. In laboratory tests, the Eurasian moth Hypena opulenta has shown great promise as a potential control agent for V. rossicum.</p> <p>2. We were interested in the defoliating ability of H. opulenta and its subsequent effect on the seed production of V. rossicum under field conditions. To examine this, we established a field site near Kirkfield, Ontario that consisted of meadow and forest understory plots, both of which were highly invaded by V. rossicum.</p> <p>3. We report highly significant feeding by H. opulenta in both light conditions. Unexpectedly, we observed a significant increase in seed production following folivory in shade conditions. We observed no significant effect of larval folivory on seed production under sun conditions, where V. rossicum seed production is greater by a factor of ten as compared to shade conditions.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and application: It is unclear how continuous exposure to folivory by H. opulenta will affect mature V. rossicum stands, although it might be expected that such populations would invest in defenses to herbivory, possibly at the expense of reproductive output. In order to better understand if V. rossicum populations in either light condition could exhibit longer-term compensatory growth in response to folivory, further experimental work is needed that examines inter-annual variability in V. rossicum reproduction at variable H. opulenta densities.</p>
Learning‐induced switching costs in a parasitoid can maintain diversity of host aphid phenotypes although biocontrol is destabilized under abiotic stress
<p>Aphid populations frequently include phenotypes that are resistant to parasitism by hymenopterous parasitoid wasps, which is often attributed to the presence of 'protective' facultative endosymbionts residing in aphid tissues, particularly <em>Hamiltonella defensa</em>. In field conditions, under parasitoid pressure, the observed coexistence of aphids with and without protective symbionts cannot be explained by their difference in fitness alone.</p> <p>Using the cereal aphid <em>Rhopalosiphum padi</em> as a model, we propose an alternative mechanism whereby parasitoids are more efficient at finding common phenotypes of aphid and experience a fitness cost when switching to the less common phenotype.</p> <p>We construct a model based on delay differential equations and parameterise and validate the model with values within the ranges obtained from experimental studies. We then use it to explore possible effects on system dynamics under conditions of environmental stress, using our existing data on the effects of drought stress in crops as an example.</p> <p>We show the 'switching penalty' incurred by parasitoids leads to stable coexistence of aphids with and without <em>H. defensa</em> and provides a potential mechanism for maintaining phenotypic diversity amongst host organisms. We show that drought-induced reduction in aphid development time has little impact. However, greater reduction in fecundity on droughted plants of symbiont-protected aphids can cause insect population cycles when the system would be stable in the absence of drought stress.</p> <p>The stabilising effect of the increased efficiency in dealing with more commonly encountered host phenotypes is applicable to a broad range of consumer-resource systems and could explain stable coexistence in competitive environments. The loss of stable coexistence when drought has different effects on the competing aphid phenotypes highlights the importance of scenario testing when considering biocontrol for pest management.</p>
Temporal mismatches in flight activity patterns between Pipistrellus kuhlii and Prays oleae in Mediterranean olive farms: Implications for biocontrol services potential
<ol> <li>Biocontrol services are widely recognized as providing key incentives for bat conservation. However, we have virtually no information on whether and how disruptions in bat-mediated biocontrol services are driven by mismatches between the temporal activity patterns of insectivorous bats and insect pests.</li> <li>2. We investigated the temporal relationship between the nightly activity patterns of the common pipistrelle bat (<em>Pipistrellus</em> <em>kuhlii</em>) and the olive fruit moth (<em>Prays</em> <em>oleae</em>). Temporal mismatches between species pairs were estimated as the time difference (expressed as a percentage of the night) at which <em>P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em> reached 50% of their abundance.</li> <li>The study was carried out during spring, summer, and fall between 2017 and 2019 in 60 olive farms representing increasing levels of structural simplification (as a surrogate of agricultural intensification). Olive farms were classified as exhibiting high (i.e., HIGH olive farms; n = 27), intermediate (MID; n = 18), and low (LOW; n = 15) structural complexity. </li> <li>Temporal mismatches between the activity levels of<em> P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em> varied between seasons and types of olive farms, being comparatively lower in summer than in spring and fall. Furthermore, summer was the only season in which temporal mismatches between species pairs differed between types of olive farms, with higher temporal mismatches found in LOW than in HIGH and MID olive farms.</li> <li>Overall, our work demonstrates the existence of temporal mismatches between the nightly activity patterns of <em>P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em>. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the structural simplification of olive farms increases temporal mismatches between species pairs, particularly in summer when bat-mediated biocontrol services are most needed.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Future research should consider mismatches between the temporal activity patterns of insectivorous bats and insect pests. Otherwise, the actual impact of agricultural intensification on bat-mediated biocontrol services as well as the economic impact of their loss on the agriculture industry might be underestimated. To enhance biocontrol services, we propose increasing the availability of suitable roosting and foraging sites as well as conserving areas of remnant native woodland and scattered hollow-bearing trees.</li> </ol>
Data from: Plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum can rapidly evolve tolerance to antimicrobials produced by Pseudomonas biocontrol bacteria
<p>Soil-borne plant pathogens significantly threaten crop production due to lack of effective control methods. One alternative to traditional agrochemicals is microbial biocontrol, where pathogen growth is suppressed by naturally occurring bacteria that produce antimicrobial chemicals. However, it is still unclear if pathogenic bacteria can evolve tolerance to biocontrol antimicrobials and if this could constrain the long-term efficacy of biocontrol strategies. Here we used an <em>in vitro</em> experimental evolution approach to investigate if the phytopathogenic <em>Ralstonia solanacearum </em>bacterium, which causes bacterial wilt disease, can evolve tolerance to antimicrobials produced by <em>Pseudomonas</em> bacteria. We further asked if tolerance was specific to pairs of <em>R. solanacearum</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> strain and certain antimicrobial compounds produced by <em>Pseudomonas</em>. We found that while all <em>R. solanacearum</em> strains could initially be inhibited by <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains, this inhibition decreased following successive subculturing with or without <em>Pseudomonas</em> supernatants. Using separate tolerance assays, we show that the majority of <em>R. solanacearum </em>strains evolved increased tolerance to multiple <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains. Mechanistically, evolved tolerance was most likely linked to reduced susceptibility to orfamide lipopeptide antimicrobials secreted by <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains in our experimental conditions. Some levels of tolerance also evolved in the control treatments, which was likely correlated response due to adaptations to the culture media. Together, these results suggest that plant-pathogenic bacteria can rapidly evolve increased tolerance to bacterial antimicrobial compounds, which could reduce the long-term efficacy of microbial biocontrol.</p>
Multi-level in vivo selection of the biocontrol agent Akanthomyces muscarius, virulence, growth, sporulation, and variant data
<p>Changes in parasite virulence are commonly expected to lead to trade-offs in other life history traits that can affect fitness. Understanding these trade-offs is particularly important if we want to manipulate the virulence of microbial biological control agents. Theoretically, selection across different spatial scales, i.e. between- and within-hosts, shapes these trade-offs. However, trade-offs are also dependent on parasite biology. Despite their applied importance the evolution of virulence in fungal parasites is poorly understood: virulence can be unstable in culture and commonly fails to increase in simple passage experiments. We hypothesized that manipulating selection intensity at different scales would reveal virulence trade-offs in a fungal pathogen of aphids, <em>Akanthomyces muscarius</em>. Starting with a genetically diverse stock we selected for speed of kill, parasite yield, or infectivity by manipulating competition within and between hosts and between populations of hosts over 7 rounds of infection. We characterized ancestral and evolved lineages by whole genome sequencing and by measuring virulence, growth rate, sporulation, and fitness. While several lineages showed increases in virulence, we saw none of the trade-offs commonly found in obligately-killing parasites. Phenotypically similar lineages within treatments often shared multiple single-nucleotide variants, indicating strong convergent evolution. The most dramatic phenotypic changes were in the timing of sporulation and spore production <em>in vitro. </em>We found that early sporulation led to reduced competitive fitness but could increase the yield of spores on media, a trade-off characteristic of social conflict. Notably, the selection regime with the strongest between-population competition and lowest genetic diversity produced the most consistent shift to early sporulation, as predicted by social evolution theory. Multi-level selection therefore revealed social interactions novel to fungi and showed that these biocontrol agents have the genomic flexibility to improve multiple traits - virulence and spore production - that are often in conflict in other parasites.</p>
The soil surface food web in conservation agriculture as the foundation for conservation biocontrol
<p>Data on Collembola (per 5 cm diameter sample), spiders (per 0.25 m<sup>2</sup>), carabid beetles (per 0.25 m<sup>2</sup>), aphids (per straw), and simulated max density of aphids from conservation agriculture fields (CA) and conventionally tilled fields (CT).</p>
DESDE LA BIOLOGÍA DEL PATÓGENO HASTA LA APLICACIÓN DE BIOCONTROL EN CAMPO: EL CASO DE LA CEPA DE BACILLUS IBUN 2755
<p>Burkholderia glumae es una bacteria fitopatógena agente causal del añublo bacterial<br> de la panícula del arroz la cual está presente en todos los países productores a nivel mundial. Las<br> condiciones del cambio climático han favorecido la severidad de la enfermedad mostrando<br> pérdidas superiores al 50% en el rendimiento de cultivo. En el año 2014 se inició la búsqueda de<br> cepas biocontroladoras como estrategia para mitigar este problema fitosanitario que hasta ahora<br> no tiene control. Se evaluaron 74 cepas de Bacillus rizosféricas provenientes de diferentes<br> plantas, encontrando que 26 de estas tenían actividad en ensayo de antagonismo dual in vitro. Sin<br> embargo, para evaluar su actividad en plantas se debió investigar sobre el patosistema que<br> estaba poco caracterizado, en este sentido, a través de inoculaciones artificiales con B. glumae y<br> el seguimiento de su población y sintomatología, se logró encontrar que la semilla y el sustrato de<br> crecimiento son fuentes de inóculo del patógeno, este ocasiona síntomas de pudrición en<br> plántulas inicialmente, sin embargo, posteriormente permanece endófito durante todo el ciclo de<br> cultivo sin mostrar ninguna sintomatología, pero hacia la floración aumenta su población, de tal<br> forma que causa vaneamiento del grano superior al 50% y con ello pérdidas del cultivo. Con estos<br> resultados las cepas de Bacillus fueron evaluadas bacterizando semillas de arroz que tenían B.<br> glumae colocada artificialmente o semillas libres del patógeno en sustrato de crecimiento<br> infestado. Así 12 cepas de Bacillus mostraron disminución de la severidad en estado plántula<br> donde cinco fueron contundentes en tres concentraciones evaluadas (10 E+06, 10 E+07 y 10<br> E+08 células/mL), además de contrarrestar los efectos deletéreos sobre parámetros de<br> crecimiento. Estas fueron evaluadas bajo condiciones de invernadero usando el sistema de<br> infección del patógeno en la semilla, donde la cepa de Bacillus IBUN 2755 mostró reducir<br> notablemente la población de B. glumae en el tejido vegetal y contrarrestar los daños causados<br> por el patógeno, obteniendo un crecimiento de las plantas similar a un control libre del patógeno.<br> La cepa 2755 fue evaluada en campo bajo condiciones de infestación natural y se usó por<br> bacterización en la semilla y sumergiendo plántulas en el inóculo antes del trasplante. Con esta<br> aplicación se lograron disminuciones de la severidad y la incidencia de la enfermedad, además de<br> presentar un aumento en producción de grano de dos toneladas por hectárea en relación a un<br> control no tratado con el biocontrolador, en este mismo ensayo, se encontró que el residuo de la<br> cosecha tratado con la cepa 2755 mostró una disminución de la población de B. glumae. De<br> acuerdo con estos resultados se concluye que la cepa nativa de Bacillus IBUN 2755 es promisoria<br> y efectiva en el control del añublo bacteriano de la panícula bajo condiciones de infestación natural<br> en campo en el cultivo del arroz.</p>
Datasets related to publication: Microbial Consortia for Effective Biocontrol of Root and Foliar Diseases in Tomato
<p>Datasets underlying the results presented in the Original Research Article "Microbial Consortia for Effective Biocontrol of Root and Foliar Diseases in Tomato", Frontiers in Plant Science, Volume 12, Article 756368, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.756368/full, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.756368">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.756368</a></p> <p>This research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 765290 (Name of the action: Microbe induced resistance to agricultural pests, Acronym: MiRA).</p>
Combined Biostimulant Applications of Trichoderma spp. with Fatty Acid Mixtures Improve Biocontrol Activity, Horticultural Crop Yield and Nutritional Quality
<p>Raw Data of "Combined Biostimulant Applications of Trichoderma spp. with Fatty Acid Mixtures Improve Biocontrol Activity, Horticultural Crop Yield and Nutritional Quality".</p>
No impact of biocontrol agent's predation cues on development time or size of surviving Aedes albopictus under optimal nutritional availability
<p>Cyclopoid copepods have been applied successfully to limit populations of highly invasive <em>Aedes albopictus</em> mosquitoes that can transmit diseases of public health importance. However, there is concern that changes in certain mosquito traits, induced by exposure to copepod predation, might increase the risk of disease transmission. In this study, third instar <em>Ae. albopictus</em> larvae, hereafter referred to as "focal individuals", were exposed to <em>Megacyclops viridis</em> predator cues associated with both consumption of newly-hatched mosquito larvae and attacks on focal individuals. The number of newly-hatched larvae surrounding each focal larva was held constant to control for density effects on size, and the focal individual's day of pupation and wing length were recorded for each replicate. Exposing late instar <em>Ae. albopictus</em> to predation decreased their chances of surviving to adulthood, and three focal larvae that died in the predator treatment showed signs of melanization, indicative of wounding. Among surviving focal <em>Ae. albopictus</em>, no significant difference in either pupation day or wing length was observed due to copepod predation. The absence of a significant sublethal impact from <em>M. viridis</em> copepod predation on surviving later-stage larvae in this analysis supports the use of <em>M. viridis</em> as a biocontrol agent against <em>Ae. albopictus</em>.</p>
Figure1 in Potential of Biocontrol Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on White Grubs, Anomalacommunis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Potato
Figure1. Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against A. Communis under field conditions
Fig1 in Potential of Biocontrol Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on White Grubs, Anomalacommunis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Potato
Fig1. Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against A. communis on potato
Braconid wasps, caterpillars and biocontrol
New information (host records, maps with detailed distribution of species), and pictures of braconid species parasitizing caterpillars (Lepidoptera). Contents mostly include the subfamily Microgastrinae, and the geographic coverage will initially focus in the Nearctic region, but will expand beyond in time. <p></p>http://cncbraconidae.blogspot.ca/
Figure 1 in Use of predatory mites in commercial biocontrol: current status and future prospects
Figure 1 Development of the moisture content in potting soil samples in Berlese-Tullgren funnels
Figure 2 in Use of predatory mites in commercial biocontrol: current status and future prospects
Figure 2 Number of Macrocheles robustuluscollected in the collection vials without prey mites (A)
Figure 3 in Use of predatory mites in commercial biocontrol: current status and future prospects
Figure 3 Number of Gaeolaelaps aculeifercollected in the collection vials without prey mites (A)
Functional stability of vegetation following biocontrol of an invasive riparian shrub
<p>Understanding plant community response to environmental change is a crucial aspect of biological conservation and restoration, but species-based approaches are limited in that they do not reveal the underlying mechanisms driving vegetation dynamics. An understanding of trait-environment relationships is particularly important in the case of invasive species which may alter abiotic conditions and available resources. This study is the first to measure the functional response of riparian plant communities to biocontrol of an invasive species. We focused on an invasive shrub <em>Tamarix</em> (saltcedar) that is defoliated by a beetle that was released by the US Department of Agriculture along the Upper Colorado River (southwestern United States). We calculated community weighted means and functional dispersion of individual traits, multivariate functional dispersion and species diversity. We used linear mixed effect models (LME) to compare these metrics at paired vegetation patches dominated and not dominated by <em>Tamarix</em> during cycles of defoliation and refoliation over eight years. We found that community-weighted average trait values, species diversity and functional dispersion changed little in response to defoliation, and instead seemed to be responding to fluctuations in yearly precipitation. Average height and seed weight were greater in <em>Tamarix</em>-dominated patches relative to control patches. Functional dispersion followed a similar trajectory to species diversity, but was a more sensitive indicator of plant community change. We showed that riparian vegetation can be resilient to <em>Tamarix</em> biocontrol, and that defoliation might not necessarily always lead to substantial changes in ecosystem function.</p>
Bacterial predation of a fungal wheat pathogen: Prelude to experimental evolution of enhanced biocontrol agents
<p><span>Research to identify appropriate biological agents for controlling pathogens might exploit experimental evolution to select for enhanced antagonism against pathogens. We report development of an experimental regime facilitating this approach featuring the broad-spectrum bacterial predator <em>Myxococcus</em> <em>xanthus</em> and the fungal wheat pathogen <em>Zymoseptoria</em> <em>tritici</em>. We demonstrate that <em>Z. tritici</em>, a major cause of crop loss and fungicide use worldwide, both fuels growth of and is killed by <em>M. xanthus</em> on wheat straw, a likely source of vernal seedling infection. <em>M. xanthus</em> is first found capable of density-dependent growth on moistened straw alone, unaided by <em>Z. tritici</em> as prey, growth that also depends on how long straw was moistened before <em>M. xanthus</em> inoculation. Such growth of non-cellulolytic myxobacteria on plant detritus may have implications for understanding their roles in nutrient cycling. However, straw with <em>Z. tritici </em>is found to fuel greater <em>M. xanthus </em>growth than straw alone under many conditions. After shorter moistening, growth by low-density <em>M. xanthus</em> populations is found to be fully dependent on <em>Z. tritici</em>. Such pathogen-dependent <em>M. xanthus</em> populations could be sustained with population replacement over five one-week growth cycles, indicating feasibility of conducting long-term experimental evolution with this system. Further, <em>M. xanthus</em> is found to kill majorities of <em>Z. tritici</em> populations on both buffered agar and straw. Our results suggest that myxobacteria may serve as effective biocontrol agents of <em>Z. tritici</em> and are amenable to long-term experimental selection for enhanced killing of this pathogen, an approach broadly applicable to many potential biocontrol agents and target pathogens.</span></p>
Data for: Implications of climate change for biocontrol efficacy across the northern range of the invasive plant Linaria dalmatica
<p>The effect of insect biological control agents on invasive plant populations can vary spatially, and spatial variation in climate may drive regional variation in herbivory, and thus biocontrol efficacy. Within host plant populations, local plant abundance can also be affected by the spatial distribution of herbivores, but whether local patterns persist at larger scales is less well understood. We examined how infestation and damage of the stem-mining weevil <em>Mecinus janthiniformis</em>, a specialist biocontrol agent of the invasive plant <em>Linaria dalmatica</em>, varied with and among populations across the northern edge of the range in North America. We quantified weevil and invasive plant densities, as well as plant fecundity, stem diameter and height across sites spanning an area of ~39,000 km<sup>2</sup> in British Columbia, Canada. We found that specialist weevils did not respond to host plant density within sites across the study region. Instead, weevil attack and load were most sensitive to among-site variability in climate, with stems at warmer sites have four times as many weevils compared to stems at cooler sites. Weevils also reduced plant fecundity more at warmer sites, when controlled for plant size (stem diameter) with larger effects of weevils in thicker stems, indicating that <span><em>L. dalmatica</em> </span><span>suppression is highest in warmer locations where weevils are more abundant and environmental conditions more favorable</span>. Our results suggest that, with climate change, the efficacy of biocontrol for <em>L. dalmatica</em> will improve across the northern edge of the range. We recommend that at cooler sites, where biocontrols are less prevalent and effects on plant fecundity are weaker, alternative management strategies are necessary at this time. Across invasive plant species more generally, future studies that establish the role of climate in variability in biocontrol efficacy long after introduction can improve management of invasive plants under climate change.</p>
A difference in larval mosquito size allows a biocontrol agent to target the invasive species
<p><span>As the global temperature rises in the coming decades, <em>Aedes</em> <em>albopictus</em> is expected to invade and establish in South East England, where <em>Culex</em> <em>pipiens</em> is currently the most common native mosquito species. Biocontrol measures that use local cyclopoid copepods against <em>Ae. albopictus</em> may be compromised if the copepods prefer alternate <em>Cx. pipiens</em> prey. In this study, I assessed the predation efficiency of <em>Megacyclops</em> <em>viridis</em> copepods against French <em>Ae. albopictus</em> larvae and larvae that hatched from egg rafts of <em>Cx. pipiens</em> collected in South East England. The experiments were conducted at 15°C and 25°C, which are representative of present and future summer temperatures in South East England. <em>Ae. albopictus</em> larvae that survived the course of the experiment in the predator-absent controls were significantly smaller than <em>Cx. pipiens</em> larvae that survived in the absence of predation. The background mortality of <em>Cx. pipiens</em> larvae increased with the ten-degree increase in temperature, and the smaller size of surviving <em>Cx. pipiens</em> larvae at 25°C, relative to survivors at 15°C, suggests that larger <em>Cx. pipiens</em> larvae were more likely to die at the higher temperature setting. Across all experimental treatments, the ratio of copepod body length to mean prey length, based on larval lengths of survivors from the corresponding predator-absent controls, was a significant predictor of the copepod's predation efficiency. Adding temperature setting to the predation efficiency model as a predictor did not improve model fit. Within the mixed prey treatments, the predation efficiency of <em>M. viridis</em> was 34.5 percentage points higher against <em>Ae. </em>albopictus prey than against <em>Cx. pipiens</em> prey. The higher predation efficiency that <em>M. viridis </em>exhibited against invasive <em>Ae. albopictus</em> prey, likely due to the smaller size of these larvae, supports the future use of <em>M</em>. <em>viridis</em> as a biocontrol agent in the UK.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.