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Figs 1–6. 1 in A new species-group of the genus Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) from south-eastern Asia, with descriptions of two new species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini)
Figs 1–6. 1 – Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) phobos sp. nov., holotype, 4.3 mm; 2 – the same, allotype, 3.7 mm; 3 – the same, aedeagus, holotype; 4 – A. (H.) deimos sp. nov., holotype, 4.3 mm; 5 – the same, allotype, 3.7 mm; 6 – the same, aedeagus, holotype.
Figs. 7-11. Habitus. 7 in Preliminary revision of the genus Sparedrus (Coleoptera: Oedemeridae) from eastern and southeastern Asia
Figs. 7-11. Habitus. 7 – Sparedrus davidis Fairmaire, 1888. 8 – S. atricolor (Pic, 1935), syntype. 9 – S. subserratus (Gressitt, 1939), paratype. 10 – S. latipennis (Pic, 1923), syntype. 11 – S. angustatus (Pic, 1923), syntype. 12-13. Head. 12 – Sparedrus atricolor (Pic, 1935); 13 – S. latipennis (Pic, 1923). (Photo J. Macek).
Figs. 1-6. Habitus. 1 in Preliminary revision of the genus Sparedrus (Coleoptera: Oedemeridae) from eastern and southeastern Asia
Figs. 1-6. Habitus. 1 – Sparedrus karenorum sp. nov., holotype. 2 – S. malickyi sp. nov., holotype. 3 – S. chiangmaiensis sp. nov., holotype. 4 – S. tryznai taunnguensis Švihla, 2006, paratype. 5 – S. sasajii nom. nov., holotype. 6 – S. rufus (Pic, 1922), syntype. (Photo J. Macek).
Figs. 25-29. Aedeagus, ventral view. 25 in Preliminary revision of the genus Sparedrus (Coleoptera: Oedemeridae) from eastern and southeastern Asia
Figs. 25-29. Aedeagus, ventral view. 25 – Sparedrus karenorum sp. nov.; 26 – S. malickyi sp. nov.; 27 – S. chiangmaiensis sp. nov.; 28 – S. tryznai taunnguensis Švihla, 2006; 29 – S. rufus (Pic, 1922), with apex of aedeagus in lateral view. Scale = 1 mm.
Figs. 14-22. 14-15 in Preliminary revision of the genus Sparedrus (Coleoptera: Oedemeridae) from eastern and southeastern Asia
Figs. 14-22. 14-15. Last maxillary palpomere of male. 14 – Sparedrus karenorum sp. nov.; 15 – S. rufus (Pic, 1922). 16-18. Antennomeres 2-3. 16 – S. karenorum sp. nov., J; 17 – ditto, ♀; 18 – S. atricolor (Pic, 1935), ♀. 19-20. Apex of pygidium of female. 19 – S. atricolor; 20 – S. subserratus (Gressitt, 1939). 21-22. Antennomeres 9-10 of female. 21 – S. latipennis (Pic, 1923); 22 – S. angustatus (Pic, 1923). 23-24. Structure of elytra. 23 – S. chiangmaiensis sp. nov. 24 – S. malickyi sp. nov. Scale a – Figs. 16-22; b – Figs. 14-15.
Text-fig. 2. Latest Albian – Late Cretaceous palaeobotanical-palaeogeographical subregions of the North Pacific Region (a); modern outline of North-eastern Asia is shown for the Coniacian (after Smith et al. 1981): 1 – the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Subregion, 2 – the Okhotsk-Chukotka Subregion, 3 – the Anadyr-Koryak Subregion (modified from Herman 2013) and geographical and geological position of the Turonian – Coniacian floras (b) (present-day map, modified from Shczepetov and Herman 2013). in On The Likely Palaeoelevation Of The Turonian - Coniacian Arman Flora Site (North-Eastern Asia)
Text-fig. 2. Latest Albian – Late Cretaceous palaeobotanical-palaeogeographical subregions of the North Pacific Region (a); modern outline of North-eastern Asia is shown for the Coniacian (after Smith et al. 1981): 1 – the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Subregion, 2 – the Okhotsk-Chukotka Subregion, 3 – the Anadyr-Koryak Subregion (modified from Herman 2013) and geographical and geological position of the Turonian – Coniacian floras (b) (present-day map, modified from Shczepetov and Herman 2013).
Text-fig. 1. Palaeogeographical scheme (distribution of land and sea basins) in part of Eurasia at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous (modified from Spicer et al. 2008). The green leaf symbol indicates the site of the Arman Flora. Asterisks indicate the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt. Dashdotted line indicates the boundary between the Siberian- Canadian and Euro-Sinian palaeofloristic regions (modified from Vakhrameev 1991). in On The Likely Palaeoelevation Of The Turonian - Coniacian Arman Flora Site (North-Eastern Asia)
Text-fig. 1. Palaeogeographical scheme (distribution of land and sea basins) in part of Eurasia at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous (modified from Spicer et al. 2008). The green leaf symbol indicates the site of the Arman Flora. Asterisks indicate the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt. Dashdotted line indicates the boundary between the Siberian- Canadian and Euro-Sinian palaeofloristic regions (modified from Vakhrameev 1991).
Figure 10 in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 10. Sinhomidia bicolor (Yosii). A, colour pattern. B, prelabral and labral setae. C, lateral process of labial palp. D, labial triangular setae. E, cephalic dorsal chaetotaxy. F, body chaetotaxy. G, tibiotarsal inner differentiated setae. H, hind claw. I, bothriotrichial complex on abdominal segment (Abd.) II. J, bothriotrichial complex on Abd. III. K, bothriotrichial complex on Abd. IV. L, tenaculum. M, anterior face of ventral tube. N, posterior face of ventral tube. O, lateral palp. P, manubrial plaque. Q, dental spines. R, mucro. S, dens. T, body scales. U, scales on ventral manubrium. Scale bars: A and F = 1 mm; B–E, G–U = 50 Mm.
Figure 5 in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 5. Acanthocyrtus spinosus (Schött). A, colour pattern. B, maxillary outer lobe. C, labial triangular setae. D, cephalic dorsal chaetotaxy. E, interocular setae. F, dorsal macrochaetataxy. G, hind claw. H, dental spines. I, mucro. J, body scales. Scale bars: A and F = 1 mm; B–E and H–J = 50 Mm.
Figure 9 in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 9. Acanthocyrtus barrowensis sp. nov. A, colour pattern. B, antennal segment (Ant.) IV apical bulb. C, prelabral and labral setae. D, lateral process of labial palp. E, maxillary outer lobe. F, labial triangular setae. G, cephalic dorsal chaetotaxy. H, thoracic chaetotaxy. I, trochanteral organ. J, hind claw. K, abdominal chaetotaxy. L, bothriotrichial complex on abdominal segment (Abd.) III centrally. M, anterior face of ventral tube. N, lateral palp. O, dental spines. P, mucro. Q, body scales. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–G, I–J, L–Q = 25 Mm; H and K = 100 Mm.
Figure 4. Dorsal body chaetotaxy. A in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 4. Dorsal body chaetotaxy. A, thoracic segment (Th.) II. B, Th. III. C, abdominal segment (Abd.) I. D, Abd. II. E, Abd. III. F, Abd. IV.
Figs 9-21 in New species and additional records of Geostiba from the Eastern Mediterranean region and from Middle Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Figs 9-21: Geostiba kirghisica nov.sp. (9) and G. sultanica nov.sp. (10-21): (9, 21) spermatheca; (10) male habitus; (11) male forebody; (12) head in lateral view; (13-14) male tergites VII-VIII in dorsal and in lateral view; (15) male sternite VIII; (16-18) median lobe of aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view; (19) apical lobe of paramere; (20) female sternite VIII. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 11: 0.5 mm; 12-15, 20: 0.2 mm; 9, 16-19: 0.1 mm; 21: 0.05 mm.
Figs 1-8 in New species and additional records of Geostiba from the Eastern Mediterranean region and from Middle Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Figs 1-8: Geostiba kirghisica nov.sp.: (1) forebody (holotype); (2) head in lateral view; (3) posterior portion of male tergite VII; (4) male tergite VIII; (5) female sternite VIII; (6-7) median lobe of aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view; (8) apical lobe of paramere. Scale bars: 1: 0.5 mm; 2-5: 0.2 mm; 6-8: 0.1 mm.
Contribution of tree community structure to forest productivity across a thermal gradient in eastern Asia
<p>These CSV and R script files are the dataset and codes used for the analysis in the following <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-36671-1">journal paper</a>:</p> <p>Kohyama, T.I., Sheil, D., Sun, IF. <em>et al.</em> Contribution of tree community structure to forest productivity across a thermal gradient in eastern Asia. <em>Nat Commun</em> <strong>14</strong>, 1113 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36671-1</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Contents</strong></p> <ul> <li>d0.csv — Individual tree-stem size data obtained by two censuses in 60 forest plots in eastern Asia <ul> <li><code>plot_id</code> — Plot ID</li> <li><code>species</code> — Scientific name</li> <li><code>t1</code> — Year of the first census</li> <li><code>t2</code> — Year of the second census</li> <li><code>dbh1</code> — Stem diameter (cm) at the first census*<sup>1</sup></li> <li><code>dbh2</code> — Stem diameter (cm) at the second census*<sup>1</sup></li> <li><code>w1</code> — Estimated above ground biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>) at the first census</li> <li><code>w2</code> — Estimated above ground biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>) at the first census</li> <li><code>wl1</code> — Estimated leaf biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>) at the first census</li> <li><code>wl2</code> — Estimated leaf biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>) at the second census</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>d1.csv — Species-level biomass, productivity and other turnover rates in each of 60 forest plots in eastern Asia <ul> <li><code>plot_id</code> — Plot ID</li> <li><code>t1</code> — Year of the first census</li> <li><code>t2</code> — Year of the second census</li> <li><code>species</code> — Scientific name</li> <li><code>N</code> — Period mean number of stems (ha<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>B</code> — Period mean above ground biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>Bl</code> — Period mean leaf biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>p</code> — Relative above ground biomass productivity rate (year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>l</code> — Relative above ground biomass loss rate (year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>P</code> — Absolute above ground biomass productivity rate (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>L</code> — Absolute above ground biomass loss rate (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>pl</code> — Relative leaf biomass productivity rate (year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>ll</code> — Relative leaf biomass loss rate (year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>Pl</code> — Absolute leaf biomass productivity rate (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>Ll</code> — Absolute leaf biomass loss rate (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>w_max</code> — Period mean above ground biomass of the largest tree (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>w_99</code> — The 99-th percentaile of tree above ground biomass (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>)</li> <li><code>rgr_max</code> — Relative growth rate of the largest tree (year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>plot_metadata.csv — Metadata (e.g. location and climate variables) for 60 forest plots in eastern Asia <ul> <li><code>plot_id</code> — Plot ID</li> <li><code>latitude</code> — Latitude in decimal degrees (°)</li> <li><code>longitude</code> — Longitude in decimal degrees (°)</li> <li><code>elevation</code> — Elevation (m)</li> <li><code>area</code> — Plot area (ha)</li> <li><code>MAT</code> — Mean annual temperature (°C)*<sup>2</sup></li> <li><code>AP</code> — Annual precipitation (mm year<sup>−1</sup>)*<sup>2</sup></li> <li><code>PET</code> — Potential evapotranspiration (mm year<sup>−1</sup>)*<sup>2</sup></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>annual_litterfall.csv — Annual fine litterfall (i.e. canopy productivity) obtained by monthly litterfall records collected by litter traps during same census period in 22 forest plots <ul> <li><code>plot_id</code> — Plot ID</li> <li><code>Plitter</code> — Annual litterfall production (Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>max_tree_height.csv — Tallest tree height for 388 species in 11 forest plots <ul> <li><code>plot_id</code> — Plot ID</li> <li><code>species</code> — Scientific name</li> <li><code>H_max</code> — tallest tree height (m)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>productivity.r — R script for estimating forest-level aboveground net productivity</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>*<sup>1 </sup>No-record diameters due to death in the second census and pre-recruitment in the first census were set to zero.</p> <p>*<sup>2</sup> Climate data for the period 1981–2010 were obtained from CHELSA version 2.1 (Krager et al. 2021 EnviDat, https://doi.org/10.16904/envidat.228.v2.1)</p>
Foliar endophyte diversity in eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct tree species – Influences of host identity, environment, phylogeny, and geographic isolation
<p><span>The well-known eastern Asia (EA) and eastern North America (ENA) floristic disjunction provides a unique system for biogeographic and evolutionary studies. Despite considerable interest in the disjunction, few studies have investigated the patterns and their underlying drivers of allopatric divergence in sister species or clades isolated in the two areas. Endophyte diversity and assembly in disjunct sister taxa, as an ecological trait, may have played an important role in the processes of allopatric evolution, but no studies have examined endophytes in these disjunct lineages. In this study, we compared foliar endophytes (including both fungi and bacteria) in 17 EA-ENA disjunct species pairs from genera representing conifers and major clades of angiosperms, as well as 23 species of </span><em>Cornus</em> from the US and China. We sequenced the ITS of fungi and 16S rDNA of bacteria to understand the composition of the endophyte community and gain insights into the relative roles of geographic isolation, host identity, phylogeny, and environment in shaping endophytic diversity patterns. We detected a much richer fungal than bacterial community in leaves of all species. Beta diversity varied greatly among individuals within species, between species, among genera, and among three natural environmental conditions. Based on a principal coordinates analysis, we found no close clustering of endophyte communities in samples from the same host plant species, from the same genus, or from the same geographic origin (i.e. EA or ENA) (when plants were grown in the same common garden), but we did detect clustering of samples from plants grown in the same environment (i.e., same geographic location). We observed separation of microbes in plant samples of the same species grown in different locations/environments. However, pooled samples across all species from the common garden with the same geographic origin (EA vs. ENA) showed a moderate level of dissimilarity in fungal endophytes between EA and ENA. An overall significant correlation between endophyte community dissimilarity and phylogenetic distance was detected among the disjunct genera but not among species of <em>Cornus</em>. However, significant correlation between order, family, and genera of endophytes and phylogenetic distance of Cornus species was observed. We also found no significant differences in Foliar Endophytic Fungal (FEF) communities between counterparts of disjunct species pairs in EA and ENA in most genera except in <em>Liriodendron</em> and <em>Cornus</em>, although the beta diversity within genera is high. Our results suggest important roles of host identity and environment (geographic locations), and a likely minor role of phylogenetic divergence and biogeographic isolation in shaping the pattern of foliar endophyte diversity and assembly in the EA-ENA disjunct genera, as well as in <em>Cornus</em>. The results further suggest that the sister taxa in EA and ENA are likely different in their foliar endophyte composition when growing in their native habitats due to differences in geographic locations and local environments, which is potentially a factor driving allopatric divergence of species functional features. This hypothesis can be tested by analysis of samples from native habitats.</p>
cldf-datasets/petersonsouthasia: CLDF data for Peterson 2017, Towards a linguistic prehistory of eastern-central South Asia
<p><strong>Peterson, J. (2017). Fitting the pieces together – Towards a linguistic prehistory of eastern-central South Asia (and beyond). Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics, 4(2), pp. 211-257. doi:10.1515/jsall-2017-0008.</strong></p>
Figure 3 in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 3. Cephalic dorsal chaetotaxy (Mari-Mutt, 1986).
Figure 1 in Revision of Acanthocyrtus (Collembola: Entomobryidae), with description of a new genus from eastern Asia
Figure 1. Biogeographical map of species distribution of Acanthocyrtus.
Metamorphosed mélange in eastern Himalayan syntaxis: An implication for a time lag of India-Asia collision
<p>This supporting information provides Text S1 that includes a detailed description of analytical methods, four supplemental figures, and three supplemental tables.</p>
Foliar endophyte diversity in eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct tree species – Influences of host identity, environment, phylogeny, and geographic isolation
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