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127 results for “ecosystems management.”
Mitigating ecosystem service tradeoffs in rangelands by using grazing duration and timing to manage water quality
<p>1. Mitigating ecosystem service (ES) tradeoffs is a key management goal in locations where stakeholders value different and potentially conflicting ecosystem services (ESs). However, studies are not often designed to examine how local management actions address ES tradeoffs, and therefore do not provide options that can alleviate conflict.</p> <p>2. In semi-arid rangelands, we examined the potential for managers to mitigate tradeoffs between livestock production and water quality. To move away from solutions that offer cattle removal as a singular management strategy, we examined how cattle presence, plus two elements of rotational grazing - the length of time cattle spend on rangeland (i.e., duration), and the season grazed (i.e., timing), affected stream Escherichia coli (E. coli concentrations). We also modeled how grazing duration and timing affected the ability to meet regulatory benchmarks for water quality throughout a grazing season.</p> <p>3. Grazing duration controlled the length of time E. coli concentrations were high in streams. In short- and medium-duration systems, E. coli concentrations were high for shorter periods of time than in long-duration systems, resulting in fewer violations of national and state water quality standards.</p> <p>4. Stream E. coli concentrations showed a consistent seasonal pattern, starting low in spring, peaking in summer, and declining towards fall. Thus, grazing during spring or fall, rather than in summer, reduced the number of days that E. coli levels exceeded water quality standards.</p> <p>5. Our results suggest that reducing the grazing duration and shifting its timing are complementary strategies that can mitigate the tradeoffs between livestock grazing and water quality without fencing-off riparian areas or removing cattle from pastures with streams.</p> <p>6. Synthesis and applications. In this study, we found grazing duration and timing can be used as tools to mitigate ES tradeoffs between cattle production and water quality in rangeland streams. Shorter grazing durations reduced the number of days <i>E. coli</i> levels were above regulatory limits, as did grazing that occurred either early or late in the season. These results support the idea that rotational grazing can be an effective strategy to manage water quality in semi-arid rangelands. They also highlight the need for more grazing studies that incorporate gradients of duration and timing into study designs.</p>
Data from: Integrating herbivore assemblages and woody plant cover in an African savanna to reveal how herbivores respond to ecosystem management
<p>African savannas are experiencing anthropogenically-induced stressors that are accelerating the increase of woody vegetation cover. To combat this, land managers frequently implement large-scale clearing of trees, which can have a cascading influence on mammalian herbivores. Studies rarely focus on how differences in woody cover influence the herbivore assemblage, making it difficult to assess how aggressive measures, or the lack of management, to counteract increasing woody cover affect the local composition and biodiversity of herbivores. We address this knowledge gap by applying a model-based clustering approach to field observations from to identify multiple herbivore–vegetation ‘configurations,’ defined as unique sets of herbivore assemblages (i.e., groups of herbivores) associated with differing woody plant covers. Our approach delineated how tree-clearing influences the distribution and abundance of the herbivore community in relation to surrounding savanna areas, which represent a natural mosaic of varying woody cover. Regardless of season, both intensively managed areas cleared of trees and unmanaged areas with high tree cover contained configurations that had depauperate assemblages of herbivores (low species richness, low abundance). By contrast, habitats with intermediate cover of woody vegetation had much higher richness and abundance. These results have substantial implications for managing African savannas in a rapidly changing climate.</p>
Effect size data for the meta-analysis article ""Effects of vegetation management intensity on biodiversity and ecosystem services in vineyards: a meta-analysis"
<p>This Exel file includes the effect size dataset used for the statistical analysis for the paper "Effect of vegetation management intensity on biodiversity and ecosystem services in vineyards: a meta-analysis", which will be published in the Journal of Applied Ecology in 2018.</p> <p>This meta-analysis was conducted in the course of the project VineDivers (<a href="http://www.vinedivers.eu/">www.vinedivers.eu</a>) funded through the 2013-2014 BiodivERsA/FACCE-JPI joint call for research proposals, with the national funders: Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), French National Research Agency (ANR), Romanian Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (UEFISCDI) and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF/Germany). P. Batáry was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG BA4438/2-1) and by the Economic Development and Innovation Operational Programme of Hungary (GINOP–2.3.2–15–2016–00019).</p> <p> </p>
Instance of the learning ecosystem metamodel: model of the ecosystem for knowledge management in Spanish Public Administration
<p>The conceptual model definition of the learning ecosystem for knowledge management in the Spanish Public Administration has been made by defining three views or packages from the ecosystems metamodel presented above. The views correspond to the three main parts identified in the learning ecosystem metamodel (<a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.829859">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.829859</a>): software components, human elements and the relationship among each other.</p>
Instance of the learning ecosystem metamodel: model of the ecosystem for scientific knowledge management in a PhD programme
<p>The learning ecosystem modeled from the Ecosystems Metamodel is oriented to manage the scientific knowledge generated in the scope of the PhD Program on Education in the Knowledge Society at the University of Salamanca (<a href="https://knowledgesociety.usal.es">https://knowledgesociety.usal.es</a>).</p> <p>The model (M1-level) has been divided in three packages: the ecosystem tools model; the ecosystem users model; and the ecosystem services model. Furthermore, the classes from the metamodel (M2-level) are represented to indicate which classes are used to model the example.</p>
Figure 6 in Density, diversity, and seasonal fluctuations in soil Collembola in three differently managed ecosystems in North Khorasan, Iran
Figure 6. Seasonal changes in density (individuals per m2) of Collembola in different ecosystems.
Figure 7 in Density, diversity, and seasonal fluctuations in soil Collembola in three differently managed ecosystems in North Khorasan, Iran
Figure 7. Seasonal changes in Diversity (H´) of Collembola in different ecosystems.
Data analysis & code: Quantifying the impact of climate change and forest management on Swedish forest ecosystems using the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS
<p><span>This file contains code to optimize the allometric parameters, to plot the figures, and details of the underlying data analysis in "Quantifying the impact of climate change and forest management on Swedish forest ecosystems using the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS" (Bergkvist et al.). <br></span></p>
Dataset (n=1671) of the publication "Small-scale private forest owners and the European Natura 2000 conservation network: Perceived ecosystem services, management practices, and nature conservation attitudes"
<p>The excel file contains the replies of small-scale private forest owners in Lower Saxony, Germany, to certain questions of a survey analyzed within the following publication: "Small-scale private forest owners and the European Natura 2000 conservation network: Perceived ecosystem services, management practices, and nature conservation attitudes”.<br> <br> The questions included in this dataset cover their objectives, management activities, attitudes and forest stand structures. Further details can be found in the second sheet of the file called “Code explanation”.<br> <br> More information about the methods of data collection can be found in the before-mentioned publication.</p>
Future supply of boreal forest ecosystem services is driven by management rather than by climate change
<p><span>Forests provide a wide variety of ecosystem services (ES) to society. The boreal biome is experiencing the highest rates of warming on the planet and increasing demand for forest products. To foresee how to maximize the adaptation of boreal forests to future warmer conditions and growing demands of forest products, we need a better understanding of the relative importance of forest management and climate change on the supply of ecosystem services. Here, using Finland as a boreal forest case study, we assessed the potential supply of a wide range of ES (timber, bilberry, cowberry, mushrooms, carbon storage, scenic beauty, species habitat availability and deadwood) given seven management regimes and four climate change scenarios. We used the forest simulator SIMO to project forest dynamics for 100 years into the future (2016–2116) and estimate the potential supply of each service using published models. Then, we tested the relative importance of management and climate change as drivers of the future supply of these services using generalized linear mixed models. Our results show that the effects of management on the future supply of these ES were, on average, eleven times higher than the effects of climate change across all services but greatly differed among them (from 0.53 to 24 times higher for timber and cowberry, respectively). Notably, the importance of these drivers substantially differed among biogeographical zones within the boreal biome. The effects of climate change were 1.6 times higher in northern Finland than in southern Finland, whereas the effects of management were the opposite – they were three times higher in the south compared to the north. We conclude that new guidelines for adapting forests to global change should account for regional differences and the variation in the effects of climate change and management on different forest ES.</span></p>
Community reorganization stabilizes freshwater ecosystems in intensively managed agricultural fields
<ol> <li>Sustainable intensification may depend on associating precision farming with the harnessing of ecological principles in crop fields and with integrating farms and non-farmed land in productive landscapes. Small wetlands could play an important role in both pursuits for having high per-unit-area rates of element cycling and species richness while deeply penetrating crop fields. However, their potential for ecosystem service provisioning is unlikely to be met if land management intensification promotes ecosystem destabilization in biomass production. </li> <li>We tested the consequences of land use intensification on various dimensions of freshwater ecosystem stability by means of a large-scale field experiment converting extensive pastures to intensive pastures and sugarcane plantations in Southeastern Brazil. Nested within experimental plots were 4,000-L mesocosms simulating ponds and puddles commonly found in productive landscapes. Mesocosms were monitored for basic physico-chemical parameters, nutrients, pesticides, phytoplankton standing crop, and the spontaneously colonizing biodiversity.</li> <li>3. Despite severe environmental change, the stability of sugarcane communities was no different from that of extensive and intensive pastures. This occurred because the local extinction of a sensitive top dragonfly predator following the application of vinasse and insecticide was compensated by colonization of a suite of more tolerant invertebrate mesopredators such as beetles and bugs. Community stability tended to increase with biomass asynchrony and species richness, evidencing a portfolio effect of biodiversity. Unfortunately, the species richness necessary to stabilize biomass production is unlikely to be available in many sugarcane fields and several other row crops.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications.</em> Ponds and puddles could be effective centers of irradiation of ecosystem service provisioning in agricultural fields in terms of pest control; nutrient accumulation, cycling, and export back to fields; and habitat and stepping stones for freshwater biodiversity. However, the impoverished biodiversity that results from a combination of harsh local conditions and spatial isolation renders pond communities inherently unstable. Given the unlikely, immediate reduction in agrochemical use in much of the intensively managed crop area, a combination of large, protected source wetlands at the margin of fields and small constructed or naturally forming ponds and puddles in plantations could contribute to sustainable intensification.</li> </ol>
Implementation of the Care Ecosystem Training Model for Individuals With Dementia in a High-risk, Integrated Care Management
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04556097. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Sámi knowledge and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies for managing pastures under threat from multiple land uses
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Future supply of boreal forest ecosystem services is driven by management rather than by climate change
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Data from: Contrasting impacts of nitrogen enrichment on soil nematode diversity in natural and managed ecosystems
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Understanding the fate of shrimp aquaculture effluent in a mangrove ecosystem: aiding management for coastal conservation
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Community reorganization stabilizes freshwater ecosystems in intensively managed agricultural fields
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Data from: Non-brooding northern bobwhite resource selection during breeding season in a managed longleaf pine ecosystem
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Data from: Predicting functional responses in agro-ecosystems from animal movement data to improve management of invasive pests
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Mitigating ecosystem service tradeoffs in rangelands by using grazing duration and timing to manage water quality
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.