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42 results for “evolution of migration”
Data from: Metrics matter: the effect of parasite richness, intensity and prevalence on the evolution of host migration
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Data from: Evolution of mammalian migrations for refuge, breeding, and food
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Evolution of chain migration in an aerial insectivorous bird, the common swift Apus apus
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Evolution of altitudinal migration in passerines is linked to diet
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Data from: Evolution of leap-frog migration: A test of alternative hypotheses
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Elevational niche-shift migration: Why the degree of elevational change matters for the ecology, evolution, and physiology of migratory birds
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Evolution of moult-migration is directly linked to aridity of the breeding grounds in North American passerines
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Data for: Immigration counter-acts local micro-evolution of a major fitness component: migration-selection balance in free-living song sparrows
<p>Ongoing adaptive evolution, and resulting 'evolutionary rescue' of declining populations, requires additive genetic variation in fitness. Such variation can be increased by gene flow resulting from immigration, potentially facilitating evolution. But, gene flow could in fact constrain rather than facilitate local adaptive evolution if immigrants have low additive genetic values for local fitness. Local migration-selection balance and micro-evolutionary stasis could then result. However, key quantitative genetic effects of natural immigration, comprising the degrees to which gene flow increases the total local additive genetic variance yet counter-acts local adaptive evolutionary change, have not been explicitly quantified in wild populations. Key implications of gene flow for population and evolutionary dynamics consequently remain unclear. Our quantitative genetic analyses of long-term data from free-living song sparrows (<i>Melospiza melodia</i>) show that mean breeding value for local juvenile survival to adulthood, a major component of fitness, increased across cohorts more than expected solely due to drift. Such micro-evolutionary change should be expected given non-zero additive genetic variance and consistent directional selection. However, this evolutionary increase was counter-acted by negative additive genetic effects of recent immigrants, which increased total additive genetic variance but prevented a net directional evolutionary increase in total additive genetic value. These analyses imply an approximate quantitative genetic migration-selection balance in a major fitness component, and hence demonstrate a key mechanism by which substantial additive genetic variation can be maintained yet decoupled from local adaptive evolutionary change.</p>
Data from: Evolution of quantitative traits under a migration-selection balance: when does skew matter?
Quantitative-genetic models of differentiation under migration-selection balance often rely on the assumption of normally distributed genotypic and phenotypic values. When a population is subdivided into demes with selection toward different local optima, migration between demes may result in asymmetric, or skewed, local distributions. Using a simplified two-habitat model, we derive formulas without a priori assuming a Gaussian distribution of genotypic values, and we find expressions that naturally incorporate higher moments, such as skew. These formulas yield predictions of the expected divergence under migration-selection balance that are more accurate than models assuming Gaussian distributions, which illustrates the importance of incorporating these higher moments to assess the response to selection in heterogeneous environments. We further show with simulations that traits with loci of large effect display the largest skew in their distribution at migration-selection balance.
Data from: Consumer-resource interactions and the evolution of migration
Theoretical studies have demonstrated that selection will favor increased migration when fitnesses vary both temporally and spatially, but it is far from clear how pervasive those theoretical conditions are in nature. While consumer-resource interactions are omnipresent in nature and can generate spatial and temporal variation, it is unknown even in theory whether these dynamics favor the evolution of migration. We develop a mathematical model to address whether and how migration evolves when variability in fitness is determined at least in part by consumer-resource coevolutionary interactions. Our analyses show that such interactions can drive the evolution of migration in the resource, consumer, or both species and thus supplies a general explanation for the pervasiveness of migration. Over short time scales, we show the direction of change in migration rate is determined primarily by the state of local adaptation of the species involved: rates increase when a species is locally maladapted and decrease when locally adapted. Our results reveal that long-term evolutionary trends in migration rates can differ dramatically depending on the strength or weakness of interspecific interactions and suggest an explanation for the evolutionary divergence of migration rates among interacting species.
Figure 5 from: Costa WJEM, Katz AM (2022) A new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, south-eastern Brazil, a supposedly migrating species (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98(1): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.72392
Figure 5 Map of geographical distribution of Trichomycterus largoperculatus sp. nov. and closely related species.
Figure 2 from: Costa WJEM, Katz AM (2022) A new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, south-eastern Brazil, a supposedly migrating species (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98(1): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.72392
Figure 2 Head of Trichomycterus largoperculatus sp. nov., UFRJ 6987, holotype, 77.8 mm SL: A. Dorsal view; B. Left lateral view.
Figure 4 from: Costa WJEM, Katz AM (2022) A new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, south-eastern Brazil, a supposedly migrating species (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98(1): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.72392
Figure 4 Osteological structures of Trichomycterus largoperculatus: A. Mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B. Left jaw suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C. Middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Abbreviations: ac4, accessory cartilage basibranchial 4; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; epf, expanded pre-opercular ventral flap; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; h1–3, hypobranchials 1–3; hog, hyomandibular outgrowth; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate. Larger stippling represents cartilages.
Figure 3 from: Costa WJEM, Katz AM (2022) A new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, south-eastern Brazil, a supposedly migrating species (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98(1): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.72392
Figure 3 Trichomycterus largoperculatus sp. nov., left lateral view: A. UFRJ 6988, paratype, 70.0 mm SL; B. UFRJ 6988, paratype, 49.0 mm SL.
Figure 1 from: Costa WJEM, Katz AM (2022) A new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, south-eastern Brazil, a supposedly migrating species (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 98(1): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.72392
Figure 1 Trichomycterus largoperculatus sp. nov., UFRJ 6987, holotype, 77.8 mm SL: A. Left lateral view; B. Dorsal view; C. Ventral view.
Data from: On the evolution of migration in heterogeneous environments
Populations often experience variable conditions, both in time and space. Here we develop a novel theoretical framework to study the evolution of migration under the influence of spatially and temporally variable selection and genetic drift. First we examine when polymorphism is maintained at a locus under heterogeneous selection, as a function of the pattern of spatial heterogeneity and the migration rate. In a second step, we study how levels of migration evolve under the joint action of kin competition and local adaptation at a polymorphic locus. This analysis reveals the existence of evolutionary bistability where a low or a high migration rate may evolve depending on the initial conditions. Last, we relax several assumptions regarding selection heterogeneity commonly made in previous studies and explore the consequences of more complex spatial and temporal patterns of variability in selection on the evolution of migration. We found that small modifications in the pattern of environmental heterogeneity may have dramatic effects on the evolution of migration. This work highlights the importance of considering more general scenarios of environmental heterogeneity when studying the evolution of life history traits in ecologically complex settings.
Data from: Consumer-resource interactions and the evolution of migration
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Data from: On the evolution of migration in heterogeneous environments
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Data from: Evolution of quantitative traits under a migration-selection balance: when does skew matter?
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Data for: Immigration counter-acts local micro-evolution of a major fitness component: migration-selection balance in free-living song sparrows
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Allen Brain Atlas
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