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FIG. 18. — Russula xerampelinoides K.Das, I.Bera, A in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 18. — Russula xerampelinoides K.Das, I.Bera, A.Ghosh & Buyck, sp. nov. (from holotype): A, basidiospores; B, hymenial gloeocystidia near the lamellae sides; C, hymenial gloeocystidia near the lamellae edges; D, basidia; E, elements of the pileipellis near the pileus centre: hyphal terminations and pileocystidia; F, elements of the pileipellis near the pileus margin: hyphal terminations and pileocystidia. Scale bars: A, 5 μm, B-F, 10 μm.

FIG. 17. — Russula xerampelinoides K.Das, I.Bera, A in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 17. — Russula xerampelinoides K.Das, I.Bera, A.Ghosh & Buyck, sp. nov. (from holotype): A, B, fresh and dissected basidiomata in the field and basecamp; C, D, transverse section through pileipellis showing elements; E-K, transverse section through lamellae showing hymenial gloeocystidia near the lamellae sides; L, transverse section through lamellae showing basidia; M, transverse section through lamellae showing hymenial gloeocystidia near the lamellae edges;N, O, SEM images of basidiospores. Scale bars: C-M, 10 μm, N, O, 2 μm.

FIG. 3. — Cantharellus pseudocibarius P in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 3. — Cantharellus pseudocibarius P.Henn. (syntype PC), microscopic features: A, spores; B, basidia and basidiola; C, hyphal extremities of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 5 μm; B, C, 10 μm. Drawings: B. Buyck.

FIG. 4. — A, B in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 4. — A, B, Cantharellus subcibarius Corner (isotype, PC0142538). Scale bar: 5 mm. Photos: B. Buyck.

FIG. 7 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 7. — Inosperma afromelliolens Eyssart. & Buyck, sp. nov. (holotype, PC0088778). Photo: G. Eyssartier.

FIG. 14 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 14. – Rhodophana corylina Consiglio, Dima & Eyssart., sp. nov.: A, fresh basidiomata of the holotype; B, fresh basidiomata of collection AMB18727. Photos: G. Eyssartier & G. Consiglio.

FIG. 5 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 5. — Cantharellus subcibarius Corner (syntype PC), microscopic features: A, spores; B, basidia and basidiola; C, hyphal extremities of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 5 μm; B, C, 10 μm. Drawings: B. Buyck.

FIG. 8 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 101-110

FIG. 8. — Inosperma boeticum Eyssart. & Buyck, sp. nov. (holotype): A, fruiting bodies; B, basidia; C, marginal cells of the gill edge; D, spores; E, pileipellis in section (detail). Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B-E, 10 μm. Drawings: G. Eyssartier.

FIG. 25. — Serpula dendrocalami C.L in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 25. — Serpula dendrocalami C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. (holotype): basidiocarps. Scale bars: A, 5 cm; B, 4 cm.

FIG. 14. — Lactarius flaviaquosus X.H in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 14. — Lactarius flaviaquosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 104207, holotype): A, basidiospores; B, pleuromacrocystidia; C, lamella edge; D, pileipellis. Scale bars: A, 5 μm; B, 20 μm; C, D, 25 μm.

FIG. 22 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 22. — Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of Serpula dendrocalami C.L. Zhao, sp. nov., and related species in Serpula based on ITS sequences. Branches are labeled with parsimony bootstrap values (before slash) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slash) equal to and more than 0.95. The ITS dataset included sequences from 22 fungal specimens representing 8 taxa. The dataset had an aligned length of 905 characters in the dataset, of which 441 characters are constant, 163 are variable and parsimony-uninformative, and 301 are parsimony-informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 1 equally parsimonious tree (TL = 795, CI = 0.815, HI = 0.185, RI = 0.897, RC = 0.731). Best model for ITS estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis: GTR+I+G, lset nst = 6, rates = invgamma; prset statefreqpr = dirichlet (1,1,1,1). Bayesian analysis resulted in the same topology with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.001810. Sampled specimens of the new species, Serpula dendrocalami sp. nov., formed a well-supported monophyletic lineage. The EZNA HP Fungal DNA Kit (Omega Biotechnologies Co., Ltd, Kunming) was used to obtain PCR products from dried specimens, according to the manufacturer's instructions with some modifications. ITS region was amplified with primer pairs ITS5 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The PCR procedure for ITS was as follows: initial denaturation at 95 °C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 °C for 40 s, 58 °C for 45 s and 72 °C for 1 min, and a final extension of 72 °C for 10 min. The PCR products were purified and directly sequenced at Kunming Tsingke Biological Technology Limited Company. All newly generated sequences were deposited at GenBank (Table 1). Branches are lab eled with parsimony bootstrap values (before slash) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slash) equal to and more than 0.95.

FIG. 16 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 16. — Russula capillaris Buyck, sp. nov. (holotype), morphology of fresh basidioma: A, detail of pileus and stipe surface; B, section showing stipe interior; C, details of gills. Photos: B. Buyck.

FIG. 13. — Lactarius exilis X.H in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 13. — Lactarius exilis X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 89954, holotype): A, basidiospores; B, cheilomacrocystidia; C, lamella edge; D, pileipellis. Scale bars: A, 5 μm; B, 20 μm; C, D, 25 μm.

FIG. 18 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 18. — Russula capillaris Buyck, sp. nov. (holotype), microscopic features of the hymenophore: A, spores; B, basidia and basidiola; C, marginal cells of the gill edge; D, gloeocystidia on gill sides; E, gloeocystidia on gill edge. Cystidial contents are mostly schematic, note also the presence of incrusting material that is easily observed near the base of many pleurogloeocystidia. Scale bar: 10 µm, but only 5 µm for spores. Drawings: B. Buyck.

FIG. 12. — Lactarius collybioides X.H in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 12. — Lactarius collybioides X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 76002, holotype): A, basidiospores; B, pleuromacrocystidia; C, lamella edge; D, pileipellis; E, stipitipellis. Scale bars: A, 5 μm; B, 20 μm; C-E, 25 μm.

FIG. 24 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 24. — Maximum parsimony Strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of Serpula dendrocalami C.L. Zhao, sp. nov., and related species in Serpula based on combined ITS+nLSU sequences. Branches are labeled with parsimony bootstrap values (before slash) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slash) equal to and more than 0.95. This phylogenetic analysis shows that our new species formed a monophyletic entity with high support, 100% BS, 100% BP and 1.00 BPP, and grouped with S. similis. Sequences from 14 fungal specimens representing 8 species are included. The dataset had an aligned length of 2389 characters, of which 1638 characters are constant, 271 are variable and parsimony-uninformative, and 480 are parsimony-informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 4 equally parsimonious trees (TL = 1144, CI = 0.832, HI = 0.168, RI = 0.891, RC = 0.741). Best model for the ITS+nLSU dataset estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis: GTR+I+G, lset nst = 6, rates = invgamma; prset statefreqpr = dirichlet (1,1,1,1). Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar topology as MP analysis, with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.001815 (BI). Branches are labeled with parsimony bootstrap values (before slash) higher than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (after slash) equal to and more than 0.95.

FIG. 10 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 10. — Basidiocarps: A, Lactarius aurantiobrunneus X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 101912,holotype); B, L. exilis X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 90043); C, L. collybioides X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 76002, holotype); D, L. flaviaquosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 104207, holotype); E, L. resinosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (HKAS 104241).

FIG. 15. — Lactarius resinosus X.H in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 15. — Lactarius resinosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov. (all from HKAS 75984-holotype, except B from HKAS 104241): A, basidiospores; B, lamella edge; C, cheilomacrocystidia; D, pileipellis. Scale bars: A, 5 μm; B, 20 μm; C, D, 25 μm.

FIG. 21. — Russula clavatohyphata R.P. Bhatt, A in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 21. — Russula clavatohyphata R.P. Bhatt, A. Ghosh, Buyck & K. Das, sp. nov. (AG 15-756): A, sectioned basidiome; B, basidiospores; C, hyphal extremities at the pileus surface; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, basidia. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B-F, 10 µm.

FIG. 17 in Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 81-90

FIG. 17. — Russula capillaris Buyck, sp. nov. (holotype), microscopic features of pileipellis: A, pileocystidia near the trama-subpellis transition with schematic contents in one and indication of refringent conglomerates in both other cells; B, detail of zebroid incrustations observed on most subpellis and context hyphae; C, hyphal extremities of the pileus surface. Scale bar: 10 µm. Drawings: B. Buyck.