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154 results for “gregariousness”
Fig. 9 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 9. Anterior cervical vertebrae of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. atlas, axis and the third and fourth cervical vertebrae in IVPPV11797−10 in dorsal view; photograph (A) and explanatory drawing of the same (B). Scale bar 3 cm.
Fig. 8 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 8. Stereographs (CT images) of the bulbous parasphenoid of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. (IVPP−V11797−31). Scale bar 3 cm.
Fig. 5 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 5. Skull of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. (IVPP−V11797−10) in left lateral view. Photograph (A) and explanatory drawing of the same (B). Scale bar 5 cm.
Fig. 7 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 7. Juvenile skull of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. (IVPP−V11797−31) in lateral (A, E), dorsal (B, F), occipital (C, G), and posterolateral views, showing the structure of the quadrate region (D, H). Scale bar below C represents 3 cm and is for A–C and E–G. Scale bar left of D is 2 cm.
Fig. 1 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 1. Map of Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia) Autonomous Region of China, showing the Ulan Suhai locality (large black dot).
Fig. 4 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 4. Reconstructed skeletons of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. (subadult, IVPP−V11797−10; juvenile, IVPP−V11797−11). Scale bar 30 cm.
Fig. 3 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 3. Largest block, containing eight complete and partial skeletons of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov., recovered from the Ulan Suhai locality: photograph (A) and explanatory drawing of the same (B). Gray areas in B indicate the gastrolith masses. Scale bars 30 cm.
Fig. 6 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 6. Juvenile skull of Sinornithomimus dongi gen. et sp. nov. (IVPP−V11797−11) in right lateral view. Photograph (A) and explanatory drawing of the same (B). Scale bar 5 cm.
Fig. 2 in A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China
Fig. 2. Bone distribution map at the Ulan Suhai locality. The dotted line shows the approximate area of the large block drawn in Fig. 3.
Data and code for "Sick and Tired: Sickness Behaviour, Polyparasitism and Food Stress in a Gregarious Mammal"
<p>Data and R code for used for "Sick and Tired: Sickness Behaviour, Polyparasitism and Food Stress in a Gregarious Mammal"</p>
A new Double Observer based census framework to improve abundance estimations in mountain ungulates and other gregarious species with a reduced effort
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Warning coloration, body size and the evolution of gregarious behavior in butterfly larvae
<p>Many species gain anti-predator benefits by combining gregarious behavior with warning coloration, yet there is debate over which trait evolves first, and which is the secondary adaptive enhancement. Body size can also influence how predators receive aposematic signals, and potentially constrain the evolution of gregarious behavior. To our knowledge, the causative links between the evolution of gregariousness, aposematism and larger body sizes have not been fully resolved. Here, using the most recently resolved butterfly phylogeny and an extensive new dataset of larval traits, we reveal the evolutionary interactions between important traits linked to larval gregariousness. We show that larval gregariousness has arisen many times across the butterflies, and aposematism is a likely prerequisite for gregariousness to evolve. We also find that body size may be an important factor for determining the coloration of solitary, but not gregarious larvae. Additionally, by exposing artificial 'larvae' to wild avian predation, we show that undefended, cryptic 'larvae' are heavily predated when aggregated but benefit from solitariness, whereas the reverse is true for aposematic prey. Our data reinforce the importance of aposematism for gregarious larval survival, whilst identifying new questions about the roles of body size and toxicity in the evolution of grouping behavior.</p>
Agonism does not covary with territoriality in a gregarious reptile dataset
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Natural selection for territoriality is theorized to occur under conditions favouring intra-sexual phenotypic variation in physiology, morphology and behaviour. In this context, certain suites of behavioural traits associated with territoriality are expected to consistently covary among individuals (sometimes referred to as 'behavioural syndromes') within sexes. Agonism (conflict-associated behaviours that may or may not be associated with physical aggression) and movement – for example, ranging, or relocation within or across seasons - are two behavioural components that are associated with territoriality, and may be expected to covary in this context. Territorial males are expected to employ agonistic behaviours to actively establish and defend areas and resources, and show more stability in their location across the landscape. However, the interaction between agonism and movement especially for wild reptiles, has rarely been tested. We investigated whether agonistic and movement behaviour correlate at the individual level both within one year and across multiple years, in a wild population of Australian eastern water dragons, <em>Intellagama lesueurii</em>. Although both types of behaviours exhibited among-individual repeatability over year and multi-year scales, we found no evidence of an agonistic-movement behavioural syndrome. These findings indicate that agonistic and movement behaviours are likely independent traits, and thus territoriality may not drive shared selective pressures for both. It is possible that other social behaviours and strategies are in place to maintain structure in this wild population.</span></p>
Warmer temperatures reduce the transmission of a virus in a gregarious forest insect
<p>Understanding how climate warming will influence species interactions is a key question in ecology and predicting changes in the prevalence of disease outbreaks is particularly challenging. Ectotherms are likely to be more influenced by climatic changes as temperature governs their growth, feeding, development and behaviour. We test the hypothesis that pathogen transmission and host mortality will increase at warmer temperatures using a cyclic forest insect, the western tent caterpillar (WTC), <em>Malacosoma</em> <em>californicum</em> <em>pluviale</em>, and its baculovirus. The virus causes population declines at peak host density. WTC are gregarious and clustering is predicted to increase the risk of within-family infection; however, how temperature influences this has not been examined. We investigated the impact of temperature on different components of the transmission process in order to pinpoint the possible mechanisms involved. In the laboratory, leaf consumption increased linearly with rising temperature between 15 and 30°C. Insects died more rapidly from virus infection as temperature increased, but this did not translate into differences in the production of viral transmission stages. To examine the influence of temperature on virus transmission we created a temperature difference between two greenhouses containing potted red alder trees, <em>Alnus</em> <em>rubra</em>. The cooler greenhouse (mean 19.5°C) was roughly similar to ambient temperatures in the field, while the warmer greenhouse was 10°C higher (mean 29°C). As predicted, both larval movement and feeding were higher at the warmer temperature, while the likelihood of the pre-infected, inoculum larvae dying on the tents was twice as high in the cooler greenhouse. This resulted in increased virus mortality and a higher transmission parameter under cooler conditions. Therefore, we suggest that, contrary to our prediction, the reduced movement of infected larvae at colder temperatures increased the risk of infection in these gregarious insects, and had a greater impact on virus transmission than the increased activity of the susceptible larvae in warmer conditions. Long-term population data from the field; however, show no relationship between temperature and infection levels, suggesting that local changes in virus transmission might not scale up to population infection levels.</p>
Emergence age and ecological characteristics of gregarious dinosaurs
<p>All raw data of "Emergence age and ecological characteristics of gregarious dinosaurs". The species name (identified name) was obtained from a meta-analysis performed in this study. The database used for data collection is "The Paleobiology Database" (https://paleobiodb.org/).</p> <p> </p>
Agonism does not covary with territoriality in a gregarious reptile dataset
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Warning coloration, body size and the evolution of gregarious behavior in butterfly larvae
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Data from: Within-flock heterogeneity in exploration affects flock behaviour in a highly gregarious bird
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Warmer temperatures reduce the transmission of a virus in a gregarious forest insect
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FIGURE 3 in A new genus and species of Neotropical gregarious braconine parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of a caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)
FIGURE 3. Upper, group-constructed cocoon of Acgorium felipechavarriai sp. nov. spun tightly against the floor of the rolled leaf nest of a last instar Dyscophellus phraxanor (Hesperiidae) caterpillar (16-SRNP-30739-DHJ729848) feeding on mature leaves of Virola sebifera in mid-elevation tropical rain forest (ACG). While the wasp larvae spin the silk cocoon jointly (collaboratively), immediately after they make the "roof" they each spin their own individual cocoons below it, and escape through the individual-cut exit holes about 15 to 18 days later. The adult wasps immediately fly away with no sign of courtship or mating. It should be emphasized that the host larva shelters in the nest all day, but is fully exposed at night when feeding on open leaf surfaces. Once with visible larvae on its back, the host caterpillar becomes moribund in the nest but does not die until the group cocoon is spun. Lower, cadaver of the host caterpillar as semi-glued to the leaf next to the group (upper). It is not known if the group of larvae move slightly as a group prior to spinning the group cocoon, or just push the cadaver partly to the side in the process of spinning. The cadaver is not incorporated into the cocoon mass.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.