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37 results for “habitat productivity”
Fig. 5 in Natural-Licks Use By Orangutans And Conservation Of Their Habitats In Bornean Tropical Production Forest
Fig. 5. Duration of the visit of each orangutan class to the naturallicks.
Data from: Better together? Assessing different remote sensing products for predicting habitat suitability of wetland birds
<p>This data repository contains the processed and extracted metrics from the Dutch land cover, country wide airborne laser scanning and Sentinel-1 and 2 datasets used as input predictor variables in the species distribution modelling step. The study area within the Netherlands comprised five Dutch provinces (Groningen, Drenthe, Overijssel, Gelderland, and Flevoland) for which both ALS and Sentinel data were available for the same year. The land cover metrics were derived using the Dutch land cover map from 2018 (LGN2018 or LGN8). The country-wide LiDAR point clouds were derived from the third Dutch national ALS flight campaign (AHN3, Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland). The AHN3 dataset is openly accessible data available from (<a href="https://ahn.arcgisonline.nl/ahnviewer/">https://ahn.arcgisonline.nl/ahnviewer/</a>). The Sentinel datasets were processed using Google Earth Engine. </p>
Ecological drivers of avian diversity in a subtropical landscape: effects of habitat diversity, primary productivity and anthropogenic disturbance
<p>Understanding the roles of ecological drivers in shaping biodiversity is fundamental for conservation practice. In this study, we explored the effects of elevation, conservation status, primary productivity, habitat diversity, and anthropogenic disturbance (represented by human population density and birding history) on taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional avian diversity in a subtropical landscape in southeastern China. We conducted bird surveys using 1-km transects across a total of 30 sites, of which 10 sites were located within a natural reserve. Metrics of functional diversity were calculated based on six functional traits (body mass, clutch size, dispersal ratio, sociality, diet and foraging stratum). We built simultaneous autoregression models to assess the association between the ecological factors and diversity of the local avian communities. Local avian diversity generally increased with increasing habitat diversity, human population density and primary productivity. We also detected phylogenetic and functional clustering in these communities, suggesting that the avian assemblages were structured mainly by environmental filtering, rather than interspecific competition. Compared to sites outside the natural reserve, sites within the natural reserve had relatively lower avian diversity but a higher level of phylogenetic heterogeneity.</p>
Datasets for: Primary production and habitat stability organize marine communities
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The emergence of pattern in the natural world can carry important messages about underlying processes. For example, collections of broadly similar terrestrial ecosystems have historically been categorized as biomes – groupings of systems which sort along energetic and structural process axes. In marine systems however, a similar classification of biomes has not emerged. The aim here is to develop an effective classification scheme for marine biomes and communities.</p> <p><strong>Approach: </strong>Candidate predictor variables that could explain pattern and process in differentiating marine communities, such as light, nutrients, depth, etc., were collected from the existing literature with a systematic review. The candidate predictors were then evaluated in an inductive process, allowing community level observations to demonstrate patterns across marine biomes. Marine biomes and communities were identified <i>a priori</i>,<i> </i>and emergent patterns were evaluated quantitatively, via Principal Component ordination based on the vectors of explanatory predictors, and qualitatively via mapping.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gross primary production and substrate mobility not only effectively sort marine biomes, but also work on finer scales discriminating communities within biomes. As a result, these predictors were more effective in classifying marine communities than other scales, such as available light and nutrients. The richness of this classification is also demonstrated in revealing other patterns, such as the distribution of human impacts. The effectiveness of this mapping provides support for, but is not a test of, the hypothesis that primary production and substrate mobility are important underlying processes that interact to structure marine ecosystems.<i> </i></p>
Ecological drivers of avian diversity in a subtropical landscape: effects of habitat diversity, primary productivity and anthropogenic disturbance
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Data from: Fission–fusion processes weaken dominance networks of female Asian elephants in a productive habitat
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Datasets for: Primary production and habitat stability organize marine communities
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Data from: A decline in molluscan carbonate production driven by the loss of vegetated habitats encoded in the Holocene sedimentary record of the Gulf of Trieste
Carbonate sediments in non-vegetated habitats on the NE Adriatic shelf are dominated by shells of molluscs. However, the rate of carbonate molluscan production prior to the 20th century eutrophication and overfishing on this and other shelves remains unknown because (1) monitoring of ecosystems prior to the 20th century was scarce and (2) ecosystem history inferred from cores is masked by condensation and mixing. Here, based on geochronological dating of four bivalve species, carbonate production during the Holocene is assessed in the Gulf of Trieste, where algal and seagrass habitats underwent a major decline during the 20th century. Assemblages of sand-dwelling Gouldia minima and opportunistic Corbula gibba are time-averaged to > 1,000 years and C. gibba shells are older by >2,000 years than shells of co-occurring G. minima. This age difference is driven by temporally disjunct production of two species coupled with decimeter-scale mixing. Stratigraphic unmixing shows that Corbula gibba declined in abundance during the highstand phase and increased again in the 20th century. In contrast, one of the major contributors to carbonate sands, Gouldia minima, increased in abundance during the highstand phase, but declined to almost zero abundance over the past two centuries. G. minima and herbivorous gastropods associated with macroalgae or seagrasses are abundant in the top-core increments but are rare alive. Although G. minima is not limited to vegetated habitats, it is abundant in such habitats elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea. This live-dead mismatch reflects the difference between highstand baseline communities (with soft-bottom vegetated zones and hard-bottom Arca beds) and present-day oligophotic communities with organic-loving species. Therefore, the decline in light penetration and the loss of vegetated habitats with high molluscan production traces back to the 19th century. More than 50% of the shells on the seafloor in the Gulf of Trieste reflect inactive production that was sourced by heterozoan carbonate factory in algal or seagrass habitats.
Disentangling direct and indirect effects of habitat fragmentation on wild plants' pollinator visits and seed production
<p>Habitat fragmentation threatens plant and pollinator communities, as well as their interactions. However, the effects of landscape fragmentation on the pollination of wild plant species are not well-understood yet, partly because in fragmented landscapes there are many correlated features (e.g. decreased patch size, increased isolation and patch complexity) whose influences are difficult to disentangle. Using a SEM approach, we assessed the direct and indirect effects of landscape fragmentation (patch size, isolation and complexity, percentage of surrounding forest) on the abundance, functional-group richness and evenness of pollinators of 24 habitat fragments within an agricultural landscape in Southern Norway. In addition, we studied how these variables affected visitation rates (visits/flower) and seed production (seed set, seed weight) in the four most abundant plant species in the area. Flower abundance was higher in larger and complex patches and decreased with the percentage of forest in the surroundings, while flower richness increased with patch complexity. We found a direct negative relationship between patch complexity and the overall number of pollinator visits that the habitat fragments received. Apart from this direct landscape effect, pollinator visits were mostly affected by the floral communities, with overall flower abundance and richness increasing both total number of pollinator visits and pollinator-group richness, and flower richness having an additional negative influence on pollinator-group evenness. Interestingly, we did not find any direct link between visitation rates and reproductive success for any of the study plant species. Instead, several landscape variables directly affected species seed production, although the effects of landscape on seed production were highly species-specific. Patch complexity, had a negative effect on seed production in two of the four focal species, while other components of the landscape had species-specific effects. Increasing fragmentation of agricultural landscapes affects pollination interactions at the community level and the reproduction of wild plants. However, understanding the effects of fragmentation on seed production requires going beyond estimating visitation rates, since landscape effects on plant reproduction are not always related to overall interaction frequencies.</p>
Data from: The link between host density and egg production in a parasitoid insect: comparison between agricultural and natural habitats
1. Theory predicts that organisms should invest in overcoming a factor that may limit their reproductive success in direct proportion to their probability of being limited by it. The occurrence of egg limitation (where female insects deplete their eggs while oviposition opportunities are still available) is predicted to impose selection for increased fecundity at the expense of other fitness components. 2. We tested the hypothesis that the fecundity of a proovigenic parasitoid (where females emerge with their full egg load) should be positively correlated with the mean expectation for oviposition opportunities in the environment. More specifically, we tested whether females from agricultural systems, where hosts are often relatively abundant, emerge with more eggs than those from natural habitats. 3. We studied the proovigenic parasitoid wasp Anagrus daanei, which parasitizes eggs of leafhoppers of the genus Erythroneura. Erythroneura spp. leafhoppers feed on Vitis spp. (grapes) and are major pests of commercial vineyards as well as common herbivores of wild Vitis californica, which grows in riparian habitats. We sampled leafhoppers and parasitoids from eight vineyards and eight riparian habitats in central California. 4. We found that leafhopper density was higher at vineyards than in riparian habitats, whereas leafhopper egg size and parasitoid body size did not differ among these habitat types. Parasitoids from vineyards had higher egg loads than parasitoids from wild grapes, and fecundity was positively related to host density across field sites. Parasitoid egg volume was larger in natural sites; however, this variation was not significantly correlated with host density across field sites. Within a single population of parasitoids collected from a vineyard, parasitoid egg load was negatively correlated with longevity, suggesting a trade-off between reproduction and lifespan. 5. The results may be explained by a rapid evolution of reproductive traits in response to oviposition opportunities; or alternatively, by the occurrence of maternal effects on the fecundity of daughters based on the foraging experience of their mothers. 6. The ability of parasitoid fecundity to track mean host availability may strengthen the ability of parasitoids to suppress the population densities of their hosts, and hence may represent an important ecological or eco-evolutionary feedback.
Bird observation data for: Better together? Assessing different remote sensing products for predicting habitat suitability of wetland birds
<p>This data repository contains the bird observation data used in Koma, Z., Seijmonsbergen, A.C., Grootes, M.W., Nattino, F., Groot, J., Sierdsema, H., Foppen, R. & Kissling, W.D. (2022): Better together? Assessing different remote sensing products for predicting habitat suitability of wetland birds. <em>Diversity and Distributions</em> 28: 685–699.</p> <p>The content of this directory is shared under Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). For accessing the bird occurrence data for further use then reproducing this article you can contact with Henk Sierdsema (Henk.Sierdsema@sovon.nl) and Ruud Foppen (Ruud.Foppen@sovon.nl) for further information.</p>
Disentangling direct and indirect effects of habitat fragmentation on wild plants' pollinator visits and seed production
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Data from: The link between host density and egg production in a parasitoid insect: comparison between agricultural and natural habitats
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Data from: A decline in molluscan carbonate production driven by the loss of vegetated habitats encoded in the Holocene sedimentary record of the Gulf of Trieste
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Data from: The triangular seed mass-leaf area relationship holds for annual plants and is determined by habitat productivity
Plant allometries help us to understand resource allocation in plants and provide insight into how communities are structured. For woody species, a triangular allometric relationship between seed size and leaf size occurs in which all combinations are all possible, except for species with big seeds and small leaves (Cornelissen 1999). This relationship is thought to be a consequence of between habitat variation in abiotic conditions. In this study, we tested if the triangular relationship between seed mass and leaf area holds for annual species, and if variation in soil productivity and light (measured as Ellenberg indicator values: EIVs) are driving this relationship. We show that the triangular relationship also holds for annuals, which suggests that the allometric combinations between leaf area and seed mass are conserved across life-forms. The triangular relationship was driven by between-habitat variation in soil productivity. This means that as soil productivity increases, plants with bigger leaves could have either big or small seeds. However, in low soil productivity habitats, plants are constrained in their options, and plants with small leaves can only have small seeds.
Data from: The triangular seed mass-leaf area relationship holds for annual plants and is determined by habitat productivity
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Weak evidence of carry-over effects of overwinter climate and habitat productivity on spring passage of migratory songbirds at a northern stopover site in Ontario
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.