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93 results for “herbivore community”
Fear of predators alters herbivore regulation of soil microbial community function
<p>Fear of predation can affect important ecosystem processes by altering the prey traits' expression that, in turn, regulates the quantity and quality of nutritional inputs to soil. Here, we aimed to assist in bridging a knowledge gap in this cascading chain of events by exploring how risk of spider predation may affect grasshopper prey performances, and the activity of various microbial extracellular enzymes in the soil. Using a mesocosms field‐experiment, we found that grasshoppers threatened by spider predation ate less, grew slower, and had a higher body carbon to nitrogen ratio. Herbivory increased activity of all microbial extracellular enzymes examined, likely due to higher availability of root exudates. Predation risk had no effect on C‐acquiring enzymes but decreased activity of P‐acquiring enzymes. We found contrasting results regarding the effect of predation on the activity of N‐acetyl‐glucosaminidase and leucine arylamidase N‐acquiring enzymes, suggesting that predation risk may alter the composition of N‐inputs to soil. Our work highlighted the importance of soil microbial enzymatic activity as a way to predict how changes in the aboveground food‐web dynamics may alter key ecosystem processes like nutritional‐cycling.</p>
Functional identity of dominant species in a predator community prevails over functional diversity in shaping the top-down control of herbivores
<ol> <li><span>Decline in species richness as well as changes in community evenness or functional diversity have been hypothesized to jointly affect ecosystem functioning. However, disentangling the relative effects of these changes in community structure is hard as these different aspects often covary with species richness in real-world ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the individual and interactive effects of functional diversity and community evenness of predators on the level of control of herbivorous prey. </span></li> <li><span>Using a highly-replicated mesocosm experiment, we crossed three levels of functional diversity of arthropod predators with two levels of community evenness while controlling for the effect of species richness. Using this experimental setting, we hypothesized that the effect size of functional diversity of predators depends on community evenness. We expected a positive effect of functional diversity of predators on top-down control at a high level of community evenness while we thought that species identity and their associated traits should drive most of the effect on top-down control at a low level of community evenness. </span></li> <li><span>Our results did not provide any evidence for an interaction between functional diversity and community evenness nor any beneficial effect of increased functional diversity overall on predation rates of herbivorous prey. In addition, our results revealed that species and functional identity drives most of the effects of predator community composition on top-down control of their prey in our study system. Assemblages composed of active hunters with low handling time and no starvation ability tended to have the highest impacts on prey biomass.</span></li> <li><span>By indicating that top-down control of herbivorous prey by arthropod predators is mainly driven by species and functional identity and not by functional diversity, our study provides insights into the consequences of ongoing species loss on ecosystem functioning. Future research should now explore the predictability of trophic interactions based on functional traits of predator and herbivorous prey to anticipate the consequences of changes in species composition on ecosystem functioning.</span></li> </ol>
Exotic plants accumulate and share herbivores yet dominate communities via rapid growth
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Intra-specific variation in plant associated herbivore communities is phylogenetically structured in Brassicaceae
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Data from: Costs of resistance and correlational selection in the multiple-herbivore community of Solanum carolinense
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Data from: Foliar herbivory creates subtle soil legacy effects that alter future herbivores via changes in plant community biomass allocation
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Data from: Endemism in Wyoming plant and insect herbivore communities during the early Eocene hothouse
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Changes in arthropod community but not plant quality benefit a specialist herbivore on plants under reduced water availability
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Functional identity of dominant species in a predator community prevails over functional diversity in shaping the top-down control of herbivores
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Opposing effects of Ceanothus velutinus phytochemistry on herbivore communities at multiple scales
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Changes in plant community assembly from patchy degradation of grasslands and grazing by different-sized herbivores
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Data from: navigating uncertainty: managing herbivore communities enhances savanna ecosystem resilience under climate change
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Tropicalization shifts herbivore pressure from seagrass to rocky reef communities
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Ungulate herbivores promote beta diversity and drive stochastic plant community assembly by selective defoliation and trampling: From a four-year simulation experiment
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Environmental context shapes the relationship between grass consumption and body size in African herbivore communities
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Chronic browsing by an introduced mammalian herbivore in a tropical island alters species composition and functional traits of forest understory plant communities
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Climate seasonality drives ant-plant-herbivore interactions via plant phenology in an extrafloral nectary-bearing plant community
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Data from: Genotypic variation in plant traits shapes herbivorous insect and ant communities on a foundation tree species
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Data for: Plant and herbivorous insect communities respond in complex ways to rainfall manipulation in an oak savanna grassland
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Experimental manipulation of scavenger and herbivore functional role and their effects on plant communities following mass mortality events
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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